A Review of: “Digitizing the News: Innovation in Online Newspapers,by Pablo J. Boczkowski”

This study examines the way in which USA Today used tracking poll data in its strategy‐oriented coverage of the 1992 presidential campaign. Scrutiny of the methodological features of tracking polls suggests the news media's potential misuses of them. Studies on media polling lead to the general hypothesis that tracking polls serve the mass media as a device for generating news accounts that focus on candidate strategy. Using the ARIMA modeling technique, I conclude that as changes in the margin of difference between Bush and Clinton in the Gallup/CNN/USA Today poll increased, USA Today cited the poll results more frequently. The increase in the number of tracking poll references corresponded to an increase in the number of strategy‐oriented words in USA Today's campaign coverage. I discuss the implications within the context of the 1992 election campaign coverage.     

The Supreme Court and Issue Attention: The Case of Homosexuality

Previous studies have shown that a small number of Supreme Court decisions that “rearrange[d] the … distribution of political benefits” have drawn the media's attention to the underlying issues involved in those cases. This article provides an additional test of that empirical claim, examining the effects of the Supreme Court's gay rights cases on media coverage of homosexuality from 1990 to 2005. The data indicate that Supreme Court decisions that expanded the scope of gay rights increased coverage of homosexuality in both The New York Times and USA Today, while cases that affirmed the existing scope of gay rights had no such effect.     

美国网上证券交易监管机制及其启示

网上证券交易是伴随计算机网络技术被引入证券市场而发展起来的新兴证券交易方式，随着其在世界各国证券市场的广泛应用，对网上证券交易的监管也成为各国监管机构越来越需要重视的问题之一。美国是最早发展网上证券交易的国家，其对网上证券交易的监管机制相对比较完善和有效，其推出的一些监管措施经过一些国际组织的推荐为世界其他国家所效仿，取得了比较好的效果。本文在探究美国的网上证券交易监管机制的基础上，结合中国的实际，就中国的网上证券交易监管的发展提出了建议，以期对建立健全中国的网上证券交易监管机制有所帮助。     

从地缘政治角度看中日关系

地缘环境是影响一个国家发展以及国家关系的稳定制约因素 ,是不可忽视的。中日两国作为地缘上非常接近的国家 ,其关系必然离不开地理环境的影响和制约。从两国所处的自然地理状况入手进行分析、探讨两国地缘政治关系的变化和美国这一地缘制衡力量对现实中日关系的影响 ,在两国利益上的共同点和难以解决的矛盾点都存在的情况下 ,两国关系只能是有限合作、有限冲突 ,但合作应是两国关系的主流     

Soldiering on: The Reagan Administration and Redemocratisation in Chile, 1983–1986

This article examines the circumstances in which the Reagan administration began to rethink its support of the Pinochet dictatorship in Chile and shift toward advocating a return to democratic civilian rule. It argues this shift was closely related to calculations that US interests might best be served by severing ties with the incumbent regime, but only so long as two vital interrelated issues were resolved to Washington's satisfaction: the nature of the movement likely to inherit political power, and the survival of key institutions of the autocratic Chilean state. To the extent that the incoming government did not portend a challenge to existing constitutional and economic arrangements, and to the extent that the ‘old’ military – the perceived ultimate guarantor against any kind of radical transformation – was in a position to survive the transition with its power and prerogatives intact, a ‘regime change’ could be supported, and even actively promoted. These twin concerns shaped and influenced a US commitment to democracy in Chile that was more contingent than principled, reflected in the constraints US policymakers imposed upon themselves in regard to the types of pressures they were prepared to apply to achieve their preferred outcome.     

美国保安人员的刑事责任问题研究

在美国,保安业是关系到公民的生命财产安全的重要职业,因此,美国对保安业实行执照管理,而雇佣的保安人员则必须进行注册登记。保安人员作为“准公共警察”,通过法律授权或签订合同的方式往往具有了一定的警察权力,但必须严格遵守法律的具体规定。在法律规定的范围内允许合理地进行自我防卫或进行财产保护,但若超过法定限度将承担一定的刑事责任。     

我国金融消费者权益保护路径探析——兼论对美国金融监管改革中金融消费者保护的借鉴

金融消费者保护成为我国金融市场中一个应该关注的问题。美国金融危机后的金融监管改革将金融消费者保护提到前所未有的高度,其对金融消费者保护的改革措施值得我国借鉴。我们应准确界定我国"金融消费者"的范畴。我国金融消费者保护路径应当是:将金融消费者保护确立为金融监管的基本职责,以《消费者权益保护法》为基本法,但更倚重于金融法律法规。     

辩诉交易制度初探

辩诉交易制度是起源于美国的一种刑事诉讼制度,它是指检察官在被告人律师的协助下,就案件的处理问题与被告人进行协商、谈判以促成有罪答辩从而不经审判而了结案件的一种诉讼方式,虽然这项制度的发展一直伴随着争议和质疑,但是因其在节约司法资源,促进办案效率等方面卓越的功效日益显现出强大的生命力.     

中美警察行政监察制度比较

美国各地警方在推行廉政建设、遏制违法违纪特别是腐败行为的对策上有共同性 ,主要表现在注重职业道德和行为规范建设、注重严格执行法纪、注重全面监督、注重高薪养廉等方面。与之相比 ,我国的警察监察制度既有优势 ,又有薄弱环节。中美两国的警察行政监察制度和对策具有互补性 ,我们从美国警察的行政监察战略和措施中可以得到一些有益的启示     

近代美国西部开发对美国社会的影响

近代美国西部开发开始于 18世纪 70年代 ,持续到 19世纪 90年代 ,在 10 0多年的时间里 ,西部从荒原变成了美国的粮仓、畜牧基地、能源和矿业生产基地 ,西部开发的成功 ,对美国社会产生了重大的影响。在政治上 ,改变了美国政治实力的分布 ,加速了美国民主化的进程 ;在经济上 ,促进了工农业生产的发展 ,完成了美国经济的一体化 ;在文化上重铸了美利坚民族精神 ,改变了美国人的生活方式 ,对美国教育事业和大众传媒的发展具有积极的作用。