权利冲突中的少数主义原则

权利冲突问题一直以来都是法学研究的一个热点,同时也是一个难点,而多数人权利与少数人权利的冲突问题,则可以说是难点中的难点:因为处理不好它有可能导致民主制度的颠覆或多数人的暴政等问题.考虑到法学首先是一种实践性学科,因而对这个在实践中经常遇见的问题进行理论上的分析并提出解决之道就是法学的当有之责--而"少数主义原则"正是对这一问题的可能答案.     

Disproportionate minority contact in the juvenile justice system: An investigation of ethnic disparity in program referral at disposition

Historically, minority youth have experienced harsher punishments and more negative outcomes than White youth even when risk assessment is used. The current study investigated the role of ethnicity in an understudied dispositional decision–program referral–and the outcomes associated with said referral using a sample of juvenile offenders (N = 2,678). The study used the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) to determine (1) if ethnicity predicted program referral when accounting for risk assessment and (2) if program referral predicted recidivism. Results indicated that ethnicity predicted program referral, and program referral predicted recidivism. Future directions for Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) research and implications for court officials are discussed.     

Institutional constraints on cabinet formation: Veto points and party system dynamics

Research on government formation in parliamentary democracies has presented contradicting evidence on the role of political veto institutions and parliamentary polarization on the formation of cabinet types. Institutional rules may either provide significant leeway for political parties or seriously constrain them when forming sustainable coalitions. In contrast to previous studies we argue that the effect of political institutions is conditional on the degree of polarization in parliament. We test our hypotheses using original data on 842 cabinet formations in 33 advanced democracies between 1945–2018. In line with previous research, we find that the institutional rules have a pronounced effect on the type of cabinet formed, but that institutional rules moderate the effect of party system polarization. Thus, our findings provide important new insights on cabinet formation which are particularly relevant for today's increasingly polarized parliaments.     

Racial Solidarity and Political Participation

Studies conducted in the 1960s and 1970s generally confirmed that racial group solidarity boosted rates of participation among African Americans. But since the 1980s, research has tended to conclude that the effect of solidarity on voter turnout among blacks and other minorities has moderated if not faded entirely. We hypothesize that part of this observed decline is explained by a dilution of measures of group solidarity in recent studies. We argue that a fair test of racial solidarity requires using a comprehensive measure that incorporates both psychological “identification” and the ideological beliefs that comprise “consciousness.” Moreover, we hypothesize that the effects of solidarity, will vary across forms of participation and be greatest on political activities that require group coordination. Our re-analysis of the 1984 NBES using separate measures of identification and consciousness indicates that the more narrowly circumscribed measures of these concepts used in recent studies are likely to have underestimated its influence on political participation. We show that racial identification and consciousness had a modest effect on voting turnout in 1984, but a significant influence on participation in several traditional campaign activities, petitioning government officials, and especially participation in protests and boycotts.     

历代中央政权对瑶族的法律调整略论

历代中央政权对瑶族的法律调整,基本上是从征服、同化的目的出发,而非基于民族尊重、民族平等和民族团结原则,政治上特别治理、经济上优免治理、文化上同化治理为历代中央政权对瑶族的法律管治的基本原则.     

广西民族地区社会主义新农村建设的思考

文章通过分析影响民族地区建设新农村遇到的主、客观存在的问题,提出了稳步推进民族地区新农村建设的基本思路和政策性建议。     

民间音乐的著作权集体管理——以丽江洞经音乐为例

民族民间音乐作为民族民间文化的组成部分在我国国内法还没有制定出专门系统的法律法规,始创群体、传承人、传播者的权利因此而得不到法律有效保护。所以,有必要加强立法工作,建议在其中引入著作权集体管理制度。文章以丽江洞经音乐为例,论述了民间音乐权利主体的定位、管理组织的定位、管理方式以及集体著作权权利范围几个问题。     

论民族自治地方城市化建设中的财政管理自治权

民族自治地方城市化建设步伐在不断加快,必须完善民族自治地方城市化建设中财政支持的法律保障体系,完善对失地农民的征地补偿和安置制度。在民族自治地方城市化建设进程中,必须充分发挥财政管理自治权的作用,完善开放与准入制度,引进项目和金融融资,尝试地方政府债券融资,走出一条多元投资之路。     

论民族地区构建和谐社会的地方立法完善问题

民族地区构建和谐社会,地方立法工作任重道远。当前,民族地区地方立法必须坚持完善涉及经济发展、民主法制建设、先进文化建设、维护各族群众利益、鼓励创造行为、巩固民族团结局面、维护社会稳定大局、保护生态环境、促进教育事业发展和公务员队伍建设等方面的法规,为民族地区构建和谐社会提供更加良好的物质基础、制度基础、思想文化基础、群众基础、社会发展力基础、和谐的民族关系基础、发展环境基础、生态环境基础、人才培养基础和组织建设基础。