论统筹城乡经济社会发展与社会主义新农村建设

当前轰轰烈烈的社会主义新农村建设运动是城乡统筹发展进程中的重要组成部分,是城乡统筹格局下多种因素和多种力量共同作用的结果。因此,在新农村建设中,必须以统筹城乡发展作为根本路径,才能切实抓出成效。     

China and UN environmental policy: institutional growth,learning and implementation

The focus of this article is on whether, and to what extent, the major UN bodies for environmental issues—the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), the Commission for Sustainable Development (CSD), and the Global Environmental Facility (GEF)—have had any impact upon how China addresses and approaches its environmental issues. The UN bodies seem to have had some degree of day-to-day influence in a range of fields. UNEP has provided assistance in terms of policy formulation, technical assistance, training of personnel, public awareness and networking. The CSD seems to have made fewer practical and concrete contributions to China’s environmental policies; it serves as an arena for learning and discussion of environmental issues, rather than as a body for policy implementation. The GEF, on the other hand, has been an important source for the implementation of environmental policies in China. As to China’s contribution to environmental issues on the global arena, China does not seem to give priority to the international level of environmental policies. It is an active participant and stakeholder in international bodies such as UNEP and the CSD, but it is currently not providing any leadership. This is in clear contrast to domestic policy, where environmental issues are becoming increasingly important, attracting the attention of the media, policy-makers and the public. The article concludes that should this trend consolidate, establishing the management of the environment and natural resources as major issues in Chinese politics, it is reasonable to expect that China will in the future aim to play a leading role in environmental politics at the international level.     

试析城市道路机动车车道标志与标线设置

近年来 ,我国机动车以每年超过 14 %的速度增长 ,道路通车里程的年增长率仅为 2 %左右 ,车、路供求关系的不平衡导致了交通拥堵现象日趋严重 ,特别是城市交通拥堵已成为社会热点问题。因此 ,合理设置城市道路平面交叉口机动车道标志与标线不失为一种简单可行的手段。     

农村流动人口与城市社会安全：理论命题和政策建议

中国的乡村居民向都市地区的大规模跨区迁移,已经成为 20世纪 80年代以来中国社会中最引人瞩目的结构性社会变迁力量。在这一力量所引发的诸多社会后果之中,一个普遍的担忧,就是农村流动人口大规模迁入城市,极有可能导致城市社会治安状况的恶化。本文针对这一人口学动态对城市社会安全的可能影响程度和影响机制,提炼出一些有研究潜力的自变量组,进行理论命题的阐述,并解释这些命题背后潜在的政策含义。     

Entrepreneurial citizenship in urban regeneration in the Netherlands

In the Netherlands, active citizenship in the context of urban regeneration of deprived neighbourhoods seems to have evolved into ‘entrepreneurial citizenship’. The concept of entrepreneurial citizenship combines top-down and bottom-up elements. National and/or local governments promote an ideal citizen with entrepreneurship skills and competencies to create more responsible and entrepreneurial citizens’ participation in government-initiated arrangements. At the same time, bottom-up behavioural practices from citizens who demand more opportunities to innovatively apply assets, entrepreneurial skills, strategies and collaboration with other stakeholders are initiated to achieve their goals and create societal-added value. The aim of this paper is to better understand the origins of ‘entrepreneurial citizenship’, and its meaning in the Dutch context of urban regeneration. To do this, we will review the relevant international literature and combine insights from studies on governance, active citizenship, social and community entrepreneurship and urban neighbourhoods. We will also analyse how entrepreneurial citizenship can be locally observed in the Netherlands as reported in the literature.     

Surveying support for child and youth political participation in Australia and New Zealand

Recent decades have witnessed increased empirical and policy interest in children’s citizenship, particularly since the ratification of the United Nations Declaration of Children’s Rights. However, support for children’s active citizenship is often hindered by the pervasiveness of discourses that characterise children as innocent, developing, and free from responsibility. Public and governmental decision-making largely excludes children’s consultation and contributions, often determined by age alone. To quantifiably assess the amount of public support for children’s political participation, we commissioned a Likert scale survey question on degrees of support for children and youth (across four age groups between 3 and 18 year olds) having the opportunity to influence government decisions, in the Australian and New Zealand 2016 versions of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). Analysis of responses to this question in relation to demographic survey data indicate variation in preferences for different age groups, and that age, gender, and political party preference of respondents were variables of significance for both nations. These variables point to potential predictors of attitudes toward political participation of children and youth which have relevance for policymakers and educators in relation to provision of programmes that will increase the engagement of children and youth in government decision-making.     

The urban household in Russia and the Soviet Union, 1900–2000: Patterns of family formation in a turbulent century

Starting from census data on co-residence and household composition, the authors analyse principles of family organisation and family formation in twentieth-century urban Russia and the Soviet Union. The article uses an adapted version of the classification of households developed by Peter Laslett and Eugene Hammel to study variation in household structure for successive population censuses. Changes in this variation between cross-sections are explained with the help of additional quantitative and qualitative data and are linked to the fundamental demographic, social and economic shifts which took place in Russian society in the course of the twentieth century. The article finds a family system characterised by a tendency towards nuclear family formation, but incorporating a fairly stable element of household extension. Co-residence of three generations was both an answer to a perennial housing problem and offered important advantages in the sphere of childcare and care for the elderly. Variation and fluctuation in household structure are found to be most pronounced during the turbulent first half of the century. After a period of stability during the post-war decades of Soviet rule, post-Soviet transformations provoke new changes.     

创建和完善新型城市管理行政执法体制

文章探讨了在城市管理监察队伍中划分责任单位、设置社区监察员和推行城市环境整治工作社会化等城市管理行政执法的新理念和新措施 ,论述了新型行政执法主体与相关行政机关职能切割原则以及城市管理监察分队的领导体制问题。     

中国城市公共安全体系建设的现状与发展

中国的城市公共安全管理体系是随着全国应急管理体系同步建设的，其在发展动力、运行过程以及安全规划战略等方面还存在问题。要继续发展，就必须在坚持基本规律的前提下，找到合适的发展方向。今后重点可以从推动社会力量参与、加强立法、落实绩效考核、扶持公共安全产业等几个方面进行突破。     

放活发展创业经济 增强城乡发展活力

胶南市坚持创业富民的工作导向,强化政策引导扶持,大力实施全民创业工程,实现了工农、城乡的良性互动,为构筑城乡经济社会发展一体化格局增强了内生力。