城市商业银行公司治理

完善城市商业银行公司治理,应在分析缺陷的基础上,优化股权结构,强化董事会建设,加强公司治理监管,强化激励约束机制,完善信息披露。     

美国信用危机产生的体系根源及对我国的启示

美国作为公认的信用经济发达的典型代表,拥有较为完备的社会信用体系,但其中也不乏存在着某些局限,这些局限便成为了2002年其信用危机产生的始作俑者。我们在观察到这种现象的同时,亦应该认真总结其经验教训,找出我国在信用体系建设中的可借鉴之处。     

家庭主要照顾者与我国老年人对社区服务需求的研究

通过分析2010年中国城乡老年人口状况追踪调查的数据,本文探讨了家庭主要照顾者对我国城乡老年人社区服务需求的影响。主要照顾者被分为五类,即配偶、儿子、女儿、儿媳和其他人。配偶和儿子在我国城乡老年人照顾者中所占的比例最高;儿媳在农村老年人主要照顾者中占的比例较高。对各种社区服务有需求的农村老人的比例高于城市老人;城乡老年人对上门看病和上门护理服务需求最高。回归结果表明,被配偶和女儿照顾的城市老人对社区服务有需求的可能性较小;被女儿照顾的农村老人对社区服务有需求的可能性较低。这说明被不同照顾者照料的老年人对社区服务的需求有显著差异;被儿子、儿媳和其他人照料的老年人很可能是今后我国老年社区服务的主要对象。     

Maximizing order or harm? Arrests among a social network of people who inject drugs in a large urban city

Encountering the criminal justice system at the first point of entry---an arrest---is associated with heightened HIV and Hepatitis risk behavior among people who inject drugs (PWIDS). Intervening structurally through the criminal justice system impacts public health; therefore, determining arrest patterns is an important tool for risk reduction. Among a sample of 740 PWIDs, and their social network members recruited from predominantly African-American neighborhoods in Baltimore City, a third were recently arrested in the previous six months, and of those, the arrests were disproportionately African-American persons and characterized as nonviolent, i.e., drug possession/attempt to purchase (38%) and loitering (29%). Poisson regression models were built adjusted for age, sex, race, education level, homelessness, and monthly income after exploring bivariable characteristics of arrests using chi-squared tests. Active drug use was associated with a recent arrest (adjusted prevalence ratio: aPR 2.38 95% CI 1.6, 3.6), in addition to participants who recently reported attending a syringe exchange program (aPR 1.45 95% CI 1.1, 2.0). Our findings are suggestive of recent media coverage and burgeoning research revealing the prioritization of policing resources toward both communities of color and neighborhoods of intensified drug trafficking. Further research is warranted to contextualize the operationalization of criminal justice resources and the impact on community health.     

债权放弃和追贷对日本不良债权的影响

不良债权是影响日本经济复苏的重要原因 ,对不良债权的处理一般有放弃部分债权和追贷两种方法。在日本取得原价主义会计制度下 ,可将投资者分为健康型和不良型 ,银行应该区分投资者收益所处状态 ,针对不同投资者采取相应的债权放弃或继续融资 (追贷 )行为。     

试论19世纪俄国币制改革

19世纪的俄国,承继18世纪彼得一世和叶卡捷琳娜二世的治国方略,继续遵循俄国历史上极为独特的自上而下调节经济的政策。每一次的皇权更迭都伴随着一场社会政治经济变革的发生,对俄国历史发展和现代化进程产生了重大影响。19世纪俄国货币制度的演变,更是历经战争与和平的交替影响,从一个侧面反映了俄国历代沙皇拯救国家经济危机的策略以及治国安邦的既定方针和传统。     

张家界国际休闲度假城市建设路径选择

张家界是一个旅游资源极为丰富、且以观光旅游为主的知名旅游城市。但由于对门票经济依赖较重,至今产业结构比较单一,经济发展波动很大,综合实力不强。加快观光旅游向休闲度假旅游的转变,尽快把张家界建设成为国际休闲度假城市是解决现有矛盾的关键。     

发展低碳经济改善城市小气候

随着我国经济发展和城市化进程的加快,城市小气候问题日益突出,并且成为制约城市健康发展的重要障碍,通过分析城市小气候变化的影响因素,结合国内外针对气候变化所做出的努力得出：建设低碳城市,发展低碳经济才是我国实现城市的可持续发展的必经之路,最后根据我国现阶段特点提出了从建设绿色建筑、提倡绿色出行、制定合理规划政策和加强国内外合作等方向发展建设低碳城市,以应对城市小气候变化。     

对“信用”的经济哲学分析

反思金融危机应当重视社会信用体系建设。对信用需要进行经济哲学的分析。信用是市场经济运行重要的＂社会资本＂。对信用的认识,联系于个人与他人、个人与共同体、个人与社会之间关系的哲学思考。唯物史观是重塑社会信用的理论指导。信用具有制度性。健全信用体系是我国的当务之急,是构建和谐社会的内在要求。     

The urban household in Russia and the Soviet Union, 1900–2000: Patterns of family formation in a turbulent century

Starting from census data on co-residence and household composition, the authors analyse principles of family organisation and family formation in twentieth-century urban Russia and the Soviet Union. The article uses an adapted version of the classification of households developed by Peter Laslett and Eugene Hammel to study variation in household structure for successive population censuses. Changes in this variation between cross-sections are explained with the help of additional quantitative and qualitative data and are linked to the fundamental demographic, social and economic shifts which took place in Russian society in the course of the twentieth century. The article finds a family system characterised by a tendency towards nuclear family formation, but incorporating a fairly stable element of household extension. Co-residence of three generations was both an answer to a perennial housing problem and offered important advantages in the sphere of childcare and care for the elderly. Variation and fluctuation in household structure are found to be most pronounced during the turbulent first half of the century. After a period of stability during the post-war decades of Soviet rule, post-Soviet transformations provoke new changes.