试论政府善治视域下我国行政问责制的建构

在我国目前的政治语境下，建立和实施行政问责制具有重要的现实意义。行政问责制是建设责任政府、推进民主政治的一个重要途径，也是实现政府良好治理的关键。然而，目前我国行政问责制在实践中仍面临异体问责薄弱、问责法律缺失、政府信息公开匮乏等诸多困境。因此，将成为加强异体问责，实现问责主体的多元化；健全行政问责的法律体系；推行政务公开，实现“阳光行政”。     

"非直接利益冲突"的规律及制度性应对思考——对重庆万州事件、四川大竹事件、贵州瓮安事件的反思

非直接利益冲突已经成为当前执政与治理的极大难题。它表现出冲突双方强弱差距越大,参与可能性越大;强势方态度行为越强横,参与的速度越快;政府部门的处置不及时,参与的程度越深等规律。预防非直接利益冲突的发生发展,需要加快建设促进社会良性运行的基础法律制度,加速完善提高执政权威与效能的行政法律制度,健全社会力量整合与引导的社会法律制度。     

引咎辞职研究述评

近几年我国学者研究“引咎辞职”的非常多。众多学者对“引咎辞职”的研究从时间纵向角度看，它是紧密和现实联系在一起的。“引咎辞职”理论在我国学界的研究是不断深入的，研究的角度是不断拓展的，研究的思维是越趋理性的。     

浅析行政问责制的内涵及其理论基础

行政问责制作为现代政府强化责任与改善管理的一种制度创新,蕴涵着极为深刻的政治理论价值.但是,在我国政治领域推进的过程中,由于对行政问责制内涵认识的模糊性以及对其理论基础理解的主观随意性,致使一些原本致力于建设责任政府的政策安排反而偏离了行政问责制的内在诉求.因此,要构建责任政府、法治政府,就必须深刻理解行政问责制的丰富内涵及其理论基础.     

The impact of governance on education inequality: Evidence from Bangladesh

Bangladesh has made remarkable progress in increasing education access in the last 20 years. However, substantial inequalities in educational attainment remain even though equity in education is a central government objective. The article argues that weaknesses in education sector governance are crucial to understanding these persistent inequalities. At the level of the budget, anti‐poor biases in allocation decisions are shown to be the result of the budget's role in political management and the lack of effective accountability mechanisms. The spearhead of government attempts to address education inequality at the primary level has been the conditional cash transfer programme for poor children. The article shows that the programme has failed to target the poor and suggests that this has been due to the weaknesses and contradictions in the governance of the programme. Strengthening the links between policy and implementation through improvements in the governance of the sector are crucial if inequality is to be addressed and national education goals achieved. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

行政问责制度刍议

行政问责制就是一种特定的问责主体针对各级政府及其公务员承担的职责和义务的履行情况，要求其承担否定性后果的一种责任追究制度。其功能在于防止和阻止行政人员“滥用或误用公共权力”。行政问责制在中国已经初步建立并运行，但依然存在问责主体单一、职责不清、问责程序不明确及公开透明度不高等问题。在未来制度建设与完善方面，要完善行政问责制，就要从严格职责划分、问责的主体多元化和规范问责程序及推行“阳光问责”制度这些方面作出努力。     

Public Service Neutrality in Hong Kong: Problems and Prospects

Before 2002, Hong Kong's higher civil servants were required to play the dual role of quasi-ministers and civil servants. In such a context, can we make sense of the claim that Hong Kong's civil service has all along been politically neutral? What role has neutrality played in the governance of Hong Kong? Informed by Kernaghan's model of political neutrality and Oakeshott's idea of civil association, this article argues that the public service should not be regarded solely as an effective instrument of the government in power. In conclusion, this article proposes some institutional measures to strengthen the neutrality of the public service in Hong Kong and argues that properly understanding this will help prevent excessive or illegitimate partisan political power.     

Beyond Electocracy: Rethinking the Political Representative as Powerful Stranger

This year's Chorley lecture examines certain theoretical and practical questions concerning political representation in constitutional democracies and advances three claims. (1) That electocracy (rule by elections) reduces the role of citizens to a series of discrete choice points, often shifting the actual moment of choice to the politician. (2) That a preoccupation with winner-take-all elections encourages representatives in the US to see themselves as powerful strangers with a proprietary interest in their position. (3) That representatives can deepen democracy by functioning as catalysts for citizen involvement not just surrogates for citizen views or identities. Drawing on historic and contemporary examples of ordinary people who mobilize collectively to build new forms of citizen power before and after elections, Professor Guinier adapts the framework of collective efficacy to describe this conceptual move. She argues that vibrant constituencies of accountability can transform the representational relationship to reimagine democracy as self-governance not just self-government.     

Deaths While under Probation Supervision: What Role for Human Rights Legislation?

Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) states that ‘everyone has the right to life’. This right is contained in all human rights treaties that developed from the UDHR, including the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Yet, as we argue, the UK government is failing to protect this right when it comes to certain groups of people under probation supervision. To date, human rights legislation has failed adequately to protect these vulnerable individuals and to hold the state to account. This article explores the greater potential for using human rights legislation to ensure better accountability in this area.     

当前我国网络问责的缺失与完善

网络问责,开辟了行政问责的网络视域,拓展了网络时代探讨行政问责制改革发展的理论视角。网络问责不同于传统的问责方式,具有开放性和民主性、大众性和异体性、分散性与集聚性以及便捷性和互动性。当前,我国网络问责存在诸多问题,直接影响到网络问责的效率,也严重制约了责任政府的建设进程,迫切需要加快治理和完善。