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11.
Kealeboga J. Maphunye 《International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-, Inter- and Transdisciplinarity》2017,12(1):55-75
This article argues that the empowerment of election officials and executives is usually overlooked, understated or simply ignored; yet elections cannot be conducted without plans in place to improve their efficiency and effectiveness; especially through training. As one of the foremost mechanisms for improving elections, training is crucial to organisational performance enhancement. However, training for election officials and executives is fairly new in many African countries. Generally incorporated in generic university or vocational institute courses globally, training is usually offered as a special tailor-made module for polling officials in western countries. Even then, it rarely covers the severe conditions election officials regularly face, especially in Africa. This article examines these issues based on a review of the extant literature, conceptual and theoretical reflection on election management, and practical interaction with some election authorities who participated as trainees in the Unisa Management of Democratic Elections in Africa (MDEA) course (2012–2014). The article concludes that the training of election officials and executives poses challenges for Africa; partly because some election management bodies (EMBs) prefer to “strain” rather than effectively train their members to ensure sustainable performance, and partly because others prefer short-term irrelevant training that undermines their organisational goals. These hurdles need to be overcome if Africa is to address its election-related challenges. 相似文献
12.
基层党组织标准化建设:逻辑理路、原则导向与实践方案 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基层党组织作为党的组织末端,其标准化的实现程度与功能发挥,直接关系到党执政能力的强弱,影响着党在基层社会的权威与地位。基层党组织标准化建设,既是党的建设历史发展的必然选择,也是党的建设理论创新的内在要求,更是党的建设实践探索的客观需要,是历史逻辑、理论逻辑与实践逻辑三者的有机统一。基层党组织标准化建设应坚持以科学统筹与分类指导相结合、客观规范与可行实用相结合、典型引路与制度创新相结合、自我提升与考核监督相结合的原则导向。基层党组织标准化建设要紧紧围绕党的组织体系、领导班子、教育管理、组织生活、工作载体、基本保障的实践方案展开,从而以党的建设引领基层治理体系的完善和治理能力的提升,为新时代中国特色社会主义事业提供坚强的政治保证和组织保障。 相似文献
13.
商业受贿罪主体拓展的论理分析——以国家工作人员的界定为视角 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
商业受贿罪在我国刑法史上,经历了从无到有,逐渐从受贿罪中分离出来,并趋于逐步完善的过程.刑法第93条将国有公司、企业中从事公务的人员以及受国有公司、企业委派到非国有公司、企业中从事公务的人员列入国家工作人员的范围,实属不当.这些人员构成受贿的,应按照商业受贿罪定罪处罚,即使是国家机关工作人员,如果被委派到国有公司、企业或者其他单位,只要从事的是商业活动,有受贿行为的,同样应按照商业受贿罪论处. 相似文献
14.
It is often assumed that the institutional organization of electoral management bodies (EMB) has an impact on the credibility of elections, but this proposition has been difficult to verify empirically. I examine whether the degree of autonomy from the political process of EMB administrators affects attitudes towards elections among citizens and legislators by analyzing mass and elite surveys across Latin America. I conclude that levels of confidence in the electoral process among political elites are higher in countries with politically autonomous EMBs, but this effect is muted in the analysis of citizen attitudes. This association holds after controlling for individual-level determinants of trust in elections and for other relevant country-level predictors in multilevel statistical models. 相似文献
15.
Roger Wettenhall 《Australian Journal of Public Administration》2007,66(1):62-82
There has been both continuity and change in the use of non‐departmental public bodies (NDPBs) during the Howard years. In terms of continuity, the statutory authority and its incorporated version, the statutory corporation (in whose development late 19th and early 20th century Australian governments played such an important part), have remained in wide use. In terms of change, however, two other NDPB forms offered some challenge to its popularity. The government‐owned company came to be a preferred form for government business enterprises (GBEs) and, more recently, for many other non‐commercial public activities as well. And the executive agency, first making its Australian appearance in 1999, seemed initially to be another significant challenger, but its numbers, never great, were soon cut back. The article examines these trends, relating them to several relevant systemic inquiries and policy changes, notably the Humphry review of the governance of GBEs, the final settlement (in 1997) of the package of financial management acts, the Uhrig inquiry of 2003 and the system‐challenging pressures that have followed it. Commonwealth participation in joint (Commonwealth/subnational and Commonwealth/private) activities is also noted, as is the lack of ‘fit’ of the Australian experience with international theorising about ‘agencification’. Finally, the article seeks to identify the leading figures within the Howard governments who have been directing both the changes and the continuities involved in these developments. 相似文献
16.
Abstract: Our purpose is to highlight novel ocular findings of 102 forensic pediatric cases under 2 years of age who die suddenly. Forensic information, grossing, and microscopic eye protocol was followed. The most common diagnosis was Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) (57/102). Novel cytoid bodies were present in the retina of 72/102 cases and they were located predominantly 90% (65/72) at the anterior part of the retina ( p < 0.001). Of the SIDS cases, 85% (47/57) showed the presence of cytoid bodies, and among all diagnosis, SIDS was the most associated with cytoid bodies ( p = 0.003). A second observation was extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) identified in 35/102 cases and 22 of the 57 SIDS cases. The most frequent EMH location was the choroids (29/35). This study is the first to demonstrate the presence of cytoid bodies and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the retinas of SIDS cases and children who die suddenly from other causes. 相似文献
17.
Detecting Submerged Bodies: Controlled Research Using Side‐Scan Sonar to Detect Submerged Proxy Cadavers 下载免费PDF全文
Carrie A. Healy M.A. John J. Schultz Ph.D. Kenneth Parker A.A. Bim Lowers B.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(3):743-752
Forensic investigators routinely deploy side‐scan sonar for submerged body searches. This study adds to the limited body of literature by undertaking a controlled project to understand how variables affect detection of submerged bodies using side‐scan sonar. Research consisted of two phases using small and medium‐sized pig (Sus scrofa) carcasses as proxies for human bodies to investigate the effects of terrain, body size, frequency, swath width, and state of decomposition. Results demonstrated that a clear, flat, sandy pond floor terrain was optimal for detection of the target as irregular terrain and/or vegetation are major limitations that can obscure the target. A higher frequency towfish was preferred for small bodies, and a 20 m swath width allowed greater visibility and easier maneuverability of the boat in this environment. Also, the medium‐sized carcasses were discernable throughout the 81‐day study period, indicating that it is possible to detect bodies undergoing decomposition with side‐scan sonar. 相似文献
18.
《African and Black Diaspora: An International Journal》2013,6(2):215-236
Abstract The propagation of vibrations may provide a better way of understanding the spread of diasporas than the conventional focus on the circulation of products (Hall 1980, Appadurai 1986, 1996, Gilroy 1993a, Brah 1996). Jamaican sound systems operate as a broadcast medium and a source of CDs, DVDs, and other commercial products (Henriques 2007a). But the dancehall sound system session also propagates a broad spectrum of frequencies diffused through a range of media and activities – described as ‘sounding’ (following Small's 1998 concept of ‘musicking’). These include the material vibrations of the signature low-pitched auditory frequencies of Reggae as a bass culture (Johnson 1980), at the loudness of ‘sonic dominance’ (Henriques 2003). Secondly a session propagates the corporeal vibrations of rituals, dance routines, and bass-line ‘riddims’ (Veal 2007). Thirdly it propagates the ethereal vibrations (Henriques 2007b), ‘vibes’ or atmosphere of the sexually charged popular subculture by which the crowd (audience) appreciate each dancehall session as part of the Dancehall scene (Cooper 2004). The paper concludes that thinking though vibrating frequencies makes it easier to appreciate how audiences with no direct or inherited connection with a particular music genre can be energetically infected and affected – to form a sonic diaspora. 相似文献
19.
溺死尸体124例形态学分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
何其昌 《贵州警官职业学院学报》2005,17(5):59-60,93
通过对124具溺死尸体的尸体征象出现率的统计分析,以明确哪些尸体征象可以在实际案件中用于确诊生前入水溺死。尤其对水中腐败尸体因腐败导致一些尸体征象消失,常难以确诊溺死。溺死腐败尸体左右心肌及心内膜颜色存在差异,对确诊溺死具有重要价值。 相似文献
20.
破除行政垄断、消除市场的人为分割是建立社会主义市场经济体制的前提。行政垄断的分类方法是否科学,直接影响对解决办法的研究。要从法律上寻找行政垄断的规制途径,首先要以法学理论对行政垄断进行科学的分类。 相似文献