Do US City Crime Rates Follow a National Trend? The Influence of Nationwide Conditions on Local Crime Patterns

This study considers the degree to which the crime rates of US cities follow a uniform national trend. A nationwide trend has consequences for theories that explain aggregate changes in crime, but how closely subnational units hold to a common time path has received almost no research attention. Using annual panel data, the current study presents analyses that attempt to measure the correspondence between city-level and national-level crime rates. The results of each analysis are consistent with a clear single pattern that operates across the nation’s major urban areas. This supports the idea that a meaningful national trend exists, and it suggests the desirability of continuing efforts to explain it.

云南汉族家系Y—STR基因座突变率研究

目的研究Y—filer试剂盒中DYS19等基因座在云南省汉族家系样本中的突变率。方法应用Y—filer试剂盒中的DYS456等16个Y—STR基因座对云南省30个汉族家系爷／孙、叔／侄和兄弟／堂兄弟亲权关系的106份样本进行基因分型检测,对DYS19等基因座分型与家系其他成员不同的样本分别进行了单位点的测序。结果6个（周姓、徐姓、王姓、袁姓、许姓、李姓）不同父系姓氏7例样本的10个Y—STR基因座发生突变,分别是DYS19、DYS385各2例,DYS389Ⅰ、DYS389Ⅱ、DYS390、DYS458、DYS393、DYS635各1例,总突变率为5．549‰;王姓、袁姓、许姓家系中各有1例样本分别在2个Y—STR基因座上发生了突变。结论男性家系中随机样本Y—STR基因座的突变率高于父子对样本;用Y—STR基因座进行父系亲权鉴定和男性嫌疑人的家系排查时,既使有2个Y—STR基因座分型不同时也不要轻易排除其来源于同一父系家系。     

对我国刑事不起诉率之研究

不起诉制度的功能主要在于保障人权,以及促使案件分流提高诉讼效率。但在我国的司法实践中,检察机关对不起诉权运用很少,不起诉率过低。其原因主要在于观念的限制、法律条文规定的不完善、检察机关内部严格的审查起诉程序、"流水线"式的诉讼构造和权力制约的不力以及实践中对不起诉权的规避。     

人民币汇率问题的国际法分析

人民币汇率问题近年来在国际上备受关注。本文以国际法为视角封汇率问题进行分析,阐述了人民币汇率形成机制改革的原则和内容,国际货币基金组织与世界贸易组织在解决相关国际争议上的管辖范围与相互关系,指出中国的汇率政策完全符合国际货币基金组织的相关规定,依法履行了相关国际条约义务。国家货币主权完全属于一国内政,国家有权独立自主地行使本国的货币主权。人民币汇率改革应坚持三个原则,即主动性、可控性和渐进性。     

经营者赔偿责任的动态系统论--从第三人侵权的路径展开

经营场所第三人侵权时经营者是否承担赔偿责任 ,在立法制度设计和法解释上应当衡量多方面的因素 ,动态系统论给这一问题的思考提供了借鉴和启发。首先应当确定经营者承担责任的观点或因子 ,其次透过观点和因子进一步探索其背后的原理 ,最后通过比较命题反映出责任承担动态性和多样性。     

伊维菌素对内毒血症小鼠生存率和细胞因子分泌的影响

为研究伊维菌素对脂多糖所致内毒血症小鼠的保护率及对小鼠血清中细胞因子的影响,给C57BL/6小鼠灌服伊维菌素(1、2和4mg/kg)或等体积蒸馏水,2h后分别腹腔注射脂多糖32mg/kg或等体积PBS,观察7d内小鼠的死亡情况;采用夹心-ELISA法测定注射脂多糖后不同时间点小鼠血清中的TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平,硝酸还原法测定小鼠血清中NO的水平。结果显示,伊维菌素能显著(P<0.05)提高脂多糖诱导的内毒血症小鼠生存率,降低小鼠血清中的TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和NO水平。表明,伊维菌素可通过抑制脂多糖诱导的小鼠体内炎性因子和介质释放提高内毒血症小鼠的生存率。     

Capital Mobility and Current Account Imbalance: Nonlinear Threshold Vector Autoregression Approach

In this study, we utilize the growth rate of gross domestic product as the threshold variable to construct two nonlinear threshold vector autoregression models to re-examine the findings in Yan (2007 Yan, Ho-Don. 2007. Does Capital Mobility Finance or Cause a Current Account Imbalance?. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 47(1): 1–25. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]:23) that “current account imbalance causes capital mobility in developed countries; capital mobility causes current account imbalance in emerging countries.” The nonlinear causality test shows that the findings of Yan (2007 Yan, Ho-Don. 2007. Does Capital Mobility Finance or Cause a Current Account Imbalance?. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 47(1): 1–25. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) can exist only in certain regimes and the primary factor that affects the causality between current account and financial account (and its components of foreign direct investment, portfolio investment, and other investment) is the asymmetry caused by the business cycle.     

Uncovering: The Economic Benefits of LGBT Workplace Inclusion

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people constitute approximately five percent of the population, but workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity remains troublingly commonplace. This article summarizes a large and growing body of social science research demonstrating the economic benefits of LGBT inclusion (and the costs of LGBT exclusion) in the workplace. It concludes with recommendations for (1) future research, stressing the need for more China-specific studies, which would inform policymaking and theoretical understanding of diversity and inclusion practices on business performance, (2) improving employer LGBT-inclusion policies, and (3) strengthening state protection of the equal employment rights of LGBT people.     

Does business influence government regulations? New evidence from Canadian impact assessments

Regulatory impact assessments frequently embed stakeholder consultations in their design. Canada was one of the early adopters of such an approach and therefore has systematic documentation on the actors taking part in these consultations. This article asks whether these consultations have an influence on regulatory change and whether business disproportionally benefits from them. After converting the documentation into data, we find that these consultations do in fact matter: the more diversified the stakeholders taking part, the more stringent the changed regulations. But we also found that for a subset of regulatory changes, those likely to carry high economic stakes, business takes advantage of the consultation, often obtaining some reduction in regulatory stringency. These reductions, however, are conditioned on the limited presence of opposing views expressed during the consultations.     

我国宏观经济运行态势与积极财政政策的实施

当前我国经济运行的特点是较高经济增长伴随着价格水平偏低和失业率升高，经济运行出现复杂局面。中央政府几年采坚持实施积极财政政策，保持了经济持续稳定增长。由于居民消费支出增长缓慢，劳动力供大于求，价格走低和失业升高还难以改变，因此，积极财政政策短期内还难以“淡出”，她仍然是今后一段时期内我国宏观经济调控的主要政策选择。