变性人婚姻家庭法律问题探析

变性对亲属制度形成严重挑战。变性人的性别识别方法,采用"户籍登记法";变性人享有结婚的权利和自由,但应向对方履行告知义务;变性是婚姻关系终止的单独的一种原因;变性不能解除父母子女关系,婚姻关系终止后,未变性一方直接抚养未成年子女,变性方承担子女的抚养费,可构建未成年子女抚养费信托制度;变性人对不满10周岁的未成年子女享有探望权;变性人没有生育能力,子女通过收养和人工生殖技术来解决,应建立人工生育子女协议公证制度。     

国共两党司法风格的比较——以军人婚姻为中心

在1930-1949年间国共两党及其政府的法律制度中,军婚是共通性较多的法律制度之一。二者在处理军婚案件时表现出不同的司法风格,体现了两党在法律上的价值取向,具体表现在共产党更为注重政策和人情,将军婚的保护和革命利益紧密联系在一起,重视用非法律手段(如调解)解决婚姻纠纷问题,而国民党则更注重法理,更重视以法律方式解决问题,且不大认同共产党将军婚和国家利益绑在一起的观点。在当时的环境下,共产党大众化的司法更为适应社会情势,国民党在司法活动中表现出来的重视法理、尊崇法治的专业精神和较高的法律解释水平也应该给予积极肯定。     

婚姻与生育的冲突初探

在我国传统中,生育子女是婚姻的目的,婚姻则为生育子女的手段,但是,随着社会和科技的发展,人们对婚姻价值的重新定位以及节育技术的逐渐完善,婚姻与生育的统一渐渐被打破,两者的冲突不可避免,而与之相适应的立法却略显滞后,有待进一步完善。     

Disconnected relationship values and marriage policies in England

The article examines relationship values which influence the government’s marriage-related policies. It constructs a framework of core values as the ‘conception of the desirable’ to highlight a central problem for the government: there are many conflicting values that can be identified as potentially relevant. Traditional morality and equality highlight marriage as the ultimate goal for heterosexual and same-sex couples by emphasising responsibility, commitment and stability to encourage and strengthen couple relationships. The articulation of these values associated with celebrating marriage is evident in policies such as transferable tax allowances for married couples and couple relationship education. However, marriage is a public and a private institution which encompasses disconnected values. The article analyses the different values that policy-makers confront by examining evidence from interviews with stakeholders which suggests that marriage-related policies do not necessarily resonate with various actors’ understanding of relationship values. They compete with values such as individual autonomy, the desire for financial security and diverse relationships.     

我国的婚检制度问题研究

2003年10月1日起施行的新《婚姻登记管理条例》废除了我国的强制婚检制度,自此婚检不再是我国公民结婚登记的强制要件,而由公民自由选择。在自愿婚检制度的实行过程中出现了一系列问题,比较突出的是新生儿缺陷率大幅度上升,使得社会各界恢复强制婚检的呼声越来越高。因此,从我国国情入手,分析我国恢复强制婚检的必要性,并采取相关措施,完善我国的婚检制度,使婚检制度更好地发挥作用。     

浅议方案教学对儿童主体性发展的作用

方案教学是瑞吉欧儿童教育系统的主要特征之一,实施方案教学是落实《纲要》精神的有效载体之一。选择方案主题,编制方案主题网络图,体现了儿童的兴趣和意愿;方案教学重视支持性环境的创设和各种教育资源的利用;在方案教学的实施过程中,重视儿童的自主探索,通过良好师生关系的建立,达到了儿童主动发展的目的。方案教学起到了平衡课程和整合课程的作用。     

敦煌“放妻书”浅议

1900年敦煌出土的离婚文书多称为“放妻书”。“放妻书”是敦煌地区特有的离婚现象，通过分析这些文书，使我们从一个小的角度透视到敦煌广阔的离婚现象，以期能给大家对这一文化现象一些更明确的认识。     

《儿童权利公约》与我国儿童证人权利制度之完善

儿童证人是刑事诉讼中特殊的诉讼参与人。《儿童权利公约》确立了对儿童权益保护的一般原则，有关国际文件也确立了儿童证人在刑事诉讼中所应享有的诉讼权利。国外的刑事诉讼立法有的也对儿童证人权利制度作了规定。比较而言，我国儿童证人权利制度内容贫乏，既不能满足司法实践对儿童证人保护的需要，也没有体现公约及有关国际文件的要求。应从免于宣誓等方面构建我国儿童证人权利制度。     

INTERPARENTAL CONFLICT AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CHILD MALADJUSTMENT: Implications for the Development of Prevention Programs

This article reviews research on the effects of interparental conflict on children and examines its implications for divorce education programs designed to reduce conflict after divorce. Basic research indicates that prevention programs for parents will be most effective in fostering children's adaptation to divorce if they can reduce the level of destructive conflict that children are exposed to, foster good parent–child relationships, and keep children from being caught in the middle of parental tensions and disagreements. Programs for children are likely to be most helpful if they help children learn ways to cope with situations in which they feel pressured to side with one parent against the other and avoid feeling responsible for parental problems. Although psycho-educational programs are widely available and often court-mandated, evaluation studies are rare and support for their efficacy is mixed.