论宪法调整的社会关系

任何法律都要调整一定的社会关系，所不同的是，宪法不调整一般的社会关系，而是调整国家重大社会关系，具体包括国家与公民之间的关系，国家与政党之间的关系；国家机关与国家机关之间的关系；国家机关内部之间的关系；国家与全社会之间的关系；国家与其他国家或者国际组织之间的关系。     

Surveying support for child and youth political participation in Australia and New Zealand

Recent decades have witnessed increased empirical and policy interest in children’s citizenship, particularly since the ratification of the United Nations Declaration of Children’s Rights. However, support for children’s active citizenship is often hindered by the pervasiveness of discourses that characterise children as innocent, developing, and free from responsibility. Public and governmental decision-making largely excludes children’s consultation and contributions, often determined by age alone. To quantifiably assess the amount of public support for children’s political participation, we commissioned a Likert scale survey question on degrees of support for children and youth (across four age groups between 3 and 18 year olds) having the opportunity to influence government decisions, in the Australian and New Zealand 2016 versions of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). Analysis of responses to this question in relation to demographic survey data indicate variation in preferences for different age groups, and that age, gender, and political party preference of respondents were variables of significance for both nations. These variables point to potential predictors of attitudes toward political participation of children and youth which have relevance for policymakers and educators in relation to provision of programmes that will increase the engagement of children and youth in government decision-making.     

Young people,family relationships and civic participation

This article examines young people’s civic participation and the extent to which this is influenced by the family. Although literature on young people’s civic participation is abundant, the role of the family in influencing this participation is largely absent. Drawing on survey data collected from 976 young people aged 13–14 in South Wales, we outline the extent and nature of civic participation and how this varies according to relationships with parents and grandparents. Our data show that relationships with mothers and grandparents are particularly important in young people’s accounts of their participation, suggesting that family is far more important in developing a propensity for engagement in civil society than is commonly understood.     

Missing links between regulatory resources and risk concerns: Evidence from the case of food safety in China

Do resources available to regulatory agencies matter for public perceptions of social risks? In this paper we use the case of food safety in China to empirically examine the relationship between regulatory resources and risk concerns. The multilevel model estimates suggest that neither regulatory revenue nor personnel is significantly related to public concerns over food safety. There is also no significant interaction effect between regulatory resources and food scandals. Despite the fact that sufficient fiscal revenue and manpower are the prerequisites of effective food safety regulation, they do not elicit more favorable public perceptions. These are the two missing links leading to the insignificant effect of regulatory resource inputs. First, ineffective distribution and deployment of resources and the lack of external participation retard the growth of regulatory capacity. Second, underinvestment in risk communication and the amplification effect of risks undermine regulatory legitimacy. We discuss the theoretical and policy implications of the results, and conclude with research limitations and suggestions for future research.     

Focusing on Quota, Transcending Numbers： Comparing Affirmative Policy in Women＇s Political Participation in China and India

目前，配额制已成为促进妇女参政的重要机制之一。本文从中国和印度妇女与配额制有关的参政运动开始，比较两种道路的同与不同以及背后的原因。进而引发出有关的问题和思考：在配额制问题上如何既关注数字又超越数字？在妇女参政问题上如何激活我们的历史传统？妇女为什么要参与政治？参与进去后到底要干什么？     

行政法的利益代表模式与行政自由裁量权的控制

行政法的利益代表模式是由美国著名行政法学家斯图尔特针对行政法的传统模式而在《美国行政法的重构》一书中提出来的，该模式强调公民参与在行政自由裁量权控制中的作用。但是，利益代表模式作为一种控制行政自由裁量问题的普遍方案存在诸多缺陷。     

试论扩大统一战线成员的有序政治参与

统一战线成员是我国最具广泛代表性的有序政治参与力量。要扩大统一战线成员的有序政治参与,就要积极培育适合统一战线成员政治参与的政治文化,拓展其参政议政的空间,创造良好的政治参与环境。     

美国水资源保护法的新发展及其启示

美国水资源保护法在20世纪90年代以来呈现出一系列新发展，传统的河岸权开始转向行政许可：积极稳健地推行水市场改革；采取一系列财政经济手段消除或减少非点源污染；努力提高公众参与和公众意识。这对于完善我国水资源保护的立法和执法提供了有益的经验和启示。     

论和谐社会视阈中大学生公民素质之灵魂

构建社会主义和谐社会是当前中国共产党的重要战略任务，大学生公民素质在构建社会主义和谐社会中占有重要地位。信仰素质是大学生公民素质的灵魂，提升信仰素质是当前对大学生进行公民素质教育的重要任务。引导大学生确立并坚持“科学的马克思主义观”、提升信仰素质的基本路径是：学习与理解相结合——真正掌握马克思主义的价值、主旨和灵魂；坚持与发展相结合——用不断发展着的马克思主义指导新的实践。     

The Relationship between Ombudsman, Government, and Citizens: A Survey Analysis

Since the 1960s, ombudsmanship has become increasingly popular. Although there is a great deal of literature on ombudsmen, existing research rarely focuses on the people who actually use the ombudsman's services. This article examines those who seek the help of ombudsmen in Belgium, and asks whether ombudsmen's intervention has a noticeable effect on citizens' confidence in government and public administration. Based on three surveys of 626 complainants, our analysis suggests that we should not see the ombudsman in Belgium as merely an instrument to help citizens but that they can also function as "change agents" and provide early warnings of problems in public administration. The role of ombudsmen in directly strengthening trust in government is limited at best. Furthermore, it seems that the profile of ombudsman complainants is skewed; our findings indicate that the socially disadvantaged are less likely to use the institution.