全面从严治党视域下党的制度建设研究

党的十八大以来,制度建设贯穿政治立党、思想建党、组织管党、作风兴党、纪律治党和反腐败斗争全过程,党的制度建设成效卓著。其中,坚决做到两个维护是制度建设的纲和魂;推进作风建设是制度建设的开篇之作和重要内容;严肃党内政治生活是制度建设的重要抓手;完善责任体系、强化党内监督是制度建设的重要保障;加强纪律建设是制度建设的根本途径。党的制度建设的生动实践形成了前瞻性和规划性、针对性和时代性、系统性和配套性、时效性和可操作性、实践性和理论性等十个鲜明特点;彰显了七个统一的重要原则,即:坚持政治统领和人民中心相统一、坚持高标准和守底线相统一、坚持明确责任和狠抓落实相统一、坚持问题导向和深化改革相统一、坚持日常监督和长期监督相统一、坚持党内监督和法律监督相统一、坚持惩治昏懒庸贪和鼓励担当作为相统一。这对新时代推进制度治党,推进全面从严治党向纵深发展,提升党的治国理政效能具有深刻启示。     

公安院校科研工作的现状及对策

高校科研工作是提高教学质量的重要手段、是强化师资水平的有效途径、是促进学科建设的不竭源泉。公安院校相对而言重教学轻科研,在科研意识、科研条件、科研创新等方面还比较薄弱。因此,务必大力倡导重视科研、崇尚学术的风气,挖掘公安科研特色、加强学术队伍建设、健全科研管理和服务机制,以保持科研工作的可持续发展。     

新建公安本科院校的定位与发展探析

作为公安院校的主力军,新建本科院校的定位和发展问题不仅是公安院校的重要命题,也成为提升公安队伍建设质量的关键所在.本研究在梳理全国新建本科院校发展历程、辨析新建公安本科院校特点的基础上,结合《国际教育标准分类法》(1997年修订稿)和公安部《关于加强公安院校和训练基地建设的指导意见》的精神要求,提出新建公安本科院校应在教学应用型本科院校方向的指导下,破除公安教育与公安工作、学科与专业、内部与外部机制、教育教学与警务文化建设之间的壁垒,建设面向公安事业发展,服务区域社会安全管理工作,以应用型本科学生的培养与发展为主的一流公安本科院校.     

Clustering of Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Potentials and Limitations

The concept of clustering of multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), i.e. the integration of groups of MEAs or parts thereof, has acquired prominence in recent discussions about reforming international environmental governance. Understood as a continuing process, clustering of MEAs aims at advancing the ongoing process of integrating the elements of this system more systematically and dynamically. This paper proceeds in three steps. First, it demonstrates that a distinction needs to be made between clustering of organisational elements of MEAs and their functions, since the conditions and the effects of their integration differ significantly. Second, it argues that – in contrast to several existing approaches that seek to build clusters starting from similarities in one dimension – any attempt to integrate elements of MEAs needs to be based upon the analysis of a range of factors that influence the prospects of such integration (including overlap of membership and issues, practical feasibility, legal obstacles, and functional requirements). Third, the article contrasts the main potential benefits of a clustering of MEAs, namely efficiency gains and an increase in the coherence of international environmental governance, with the main challenges of international environmental policy, namely reaching agreement, implementing such agreement effectively and preventing/managing inter-institutional conflict. While clustering cannot be expected to make a significant direct contribution to addressing these challenges, it has a potential to economise and enhance the system of international environmental governance with positive indirect effects promoting better international environmental protection in the longer term.     

加快我国技术法规体系建设的几点思考

WTO 要求其成员国必须建立技术法规,而我国尚没有完整、统一、行之有效的技术法规体系,难以切实履行对 WTO 的承诺。本文阐述了我国建立技术法规体系的重要性和紧迫性,以及几点具体的立法建议和措施。     

高校学风建设的反思与对策

培养优良学风既是推进素质教育的客观要求,也是保证教育质量的重要前提。现在各高校都意识到学风建设对学生成才和高校发展的重要,也非常重视学风建设。但高校的学风状况仍堪忧。本文试图通过对学风建设进行反思,找出问题的症结所在,并根据问题的症结提出了几点关于加强学风建设的对策。     

行政许可与政事分开——以《行政许可法》第28条为视角

《行政许可法》第28条的规定既不是从行政机关许可转向授权组织许可,也不是将该类事项简单地交给社会自行解决.其立法本意应是对政府职能转变中"政事分开"要求的深刻贯彻,也是为"政事分开"进一步在行政体制改革过程中的更深层次地推广和应用提供了一条思路.政事分开作为行政许可法的主线之一,确立了有限、高效、服务、法治政府的发展方向.     

U.S. Foreign Aid and Foreign Policy: Building Strong Relationships by Doing It Right!

Foreign aid policies cannot be more successful than their implementation, which inherently involves people and institutions. But people have their own interests and cultural frameworks, and institutions are inevitably grounded in culture and politics. Inattention to the agendas of individuals involved on both sides of foreign aid to Central and Eastern Europe played a major role in its shortcomings. A recent court decision holding two Harvard university scholars guilty of defrauding the U.S. government while running a flagship project to reform the Russian economy underscores the pitfalls in outsourcing traditional functions of government to small, well-connected groups that are not fully accountable in serving the public interest. Drawing on the author's experience studying informal systems and networks over several decades, this article illuminates the importance of foreign policy and aid relationships—how they are set up, who wins and who loses, and how their lack of accountability can contribute to the derailment of nation-building and constructive relations among countries.     

市场经济条件下高校筹资多渠道问题研究

随着市场经济的发展,高等教育的准公共产品性质、高校主体地位的变化以及国家教育投资体制改革等都决定了高校筹资必须走多样化道路.由于各高校的办学理念、专业设置、资源状况、科研开发以及经营能力等不尽相同,因此,在"开源"的同时必须抓好"节流",注意提高资金的使用效益,为高等教育的发展服务.     

布雷顿森林模式的改革研究

布雷顿森林模式是一种基本投票权和加权投票权相结合的加权表决制度,它存在许多问题。解决方法有:赋予发展中国家更多的与其地位和作用一致的投票权,增加基本票在总投票权中的比重,采用集团投票制,各机构改革分开进行,并应有独立的份额分配公式,选择合理的参数和权重,改进GDP的计算方法,以上这些都要纳入法制化轨道。发展中国家对待改革要讲究策略,谨慎看待已取得的改革成果,对改革的渐进性和艰巨性要有充分认识,建立发展中国家之间的协调机制,发展本国经济,增加综合国力。