整合产生强势竞争力--广西县域工业快速发展模式探究

善于对资源要素进行合理整合才会产生强势竞争力.考察广西近年一些县份经济的快速发展,不难发现有以下几种成功模式一是依托大企业产品向两头延伸拓展形成的整合竞争力模式;二是专业化生产配套产品形成的整合竞争力模式三是产品集群生产形成的整合竞争力模式;四是特色产业大基地种植+集群深加工的整合竞争力模式.     

Breaking up a partnership to build a competitive market in Denmark’s ambulance service: how can studies of contract reversals learn from the sociology of markets?

ABSTRACT

paper analyses a case of contract reversal in the market for ambulance services. The paper suggests that the sociology of markets-literature provides insights into market institutions of importance to relations between government and contractors that will benefit contracting out theory. Building on document analysis and interviews with 19 key stakeholders, it is demonstrated how a regional government in Denmark tried to wrestle the service provision from a long-time private provider and create a competitive market, only to discover that the implementation of the new contract was beset by obstacles largely stemming from informal norms in the market and attempts of the existing provider to hamper market entry for challenger firms. The result was a contract reversal: from private provision to government-provided service delivery. The paper contributes to the contracting out literature by providing a more elaborate understanding of the institutional conditions under which contract reversals can take place.     

Institutional and symbolic aspects of illiberal politics: the case of North Macedonia (2006–2017)

ABSTRACT

The paper discusses the underlying characteristics of Macedonian illiberal politics during the 11-year rule of the centre-right party VMRO-DPMNE (2006–2017) focusing on two aspects: institutional and symbolic. We argue that the unfair political competition was enabled by the weakness of pre-existing institutions and the population’s clientelist preferences, which were systematically exploited and expanded by VMRO-DPMNE. We also argue that the multi-ethnic character of the country, the disputed Macedonian national identity and the lack of viable international prospects allowed VMRO-DPMNE to construct a strong nationalist narrative that appealed to voters and further isolated the opposition.     

Electoral violence prevention: what works?

Elections are in theory democratic means of resolving disputes and making collective decisions, yet too often force is employed to distort the electoral process. The post-Cold War increase in the number of electoral authoritarian and hybrid states has brought this problem into relief. In recent years the prevention of electoral violence has played an increasingly large role in the democratic assistance activities undertaken by international agencies, following increased awareness within the international community of the specific security challenges that elections entail. However, there has to date been little systematic evaluation of the success of different electoral violence prevention (EVP) strategies in reforming electoral institutions so as to enable them to maintain the peace during the electoral period. This article assesses the effectiveness of two common types of international EVP activity. Using a new global dataset of EVP strategies between 2003 and 2015, this article finds evidence that capacity-building strategies reduce violence by non-state actors, whereas attitude-transforming strategies are associated with a reduction in violence by state actors and their allies. The findings are relevant both for understanding the dynamics of electoral violence, and also for policymakers and electoral assistance providers in the international community who have responsibility for the design of democratic assistance projects in states at risk of electoral violence.     

我国国际竞争力的发展状况及提升对策

我国加入WTO以后,参与国际竞争的范围增大、层次加深,面对国际强大的竞争对手和发达国家成熟的市场经济,我国正在发展中的市场经济的方方面面,将会带来更大的困难和挑战。因此,充分认识国际竞争力的内涵,了解我国国际竞争力的发展状况,对我国国际竞争力的优势和劣势进行分析,找出提升国际竞争力的对策,尽快树立竞争优势地位,成为我国急待解决的重要课题。     

关于完善竞价排名制度之研究

竞价排名是一种搜索引擎商业化产物。我国法律对其没有相应的定性与规范,这导致搜索引擎商在竞价排名活动中利用法律漏洞滥用技术优势地位,恣意侵害网络用户权利,严重扰乱网络信息秩序,直接或者间接成为民事侵权的始作俑者和帮凶,竞价排名所引发的民事侵权行为有点击欺诈、强迫消费、帮助侵权,对此必须明确竞价排名的性质,从技术及法律上杜绝由于不规范使用竞价排名规则所产生的侵权行为。     

论GATT1994第3条国民待遇原则中“同类产品”的认定——以日本酒税案、智利酒税案、韩国酒税案、欧共体石棉案为视角

同类产品的认定是正确实施国民待遇原则的前提。GATT边境税调整工作组报告提出了确定同类性的个案标准和四个具体因素,日本酒税案提出了手风琴理论。WTO争端解决机构通过若干判例表明,第3条第2款第1句的同类产品应从严解释,第2句的直接竞争或替代产品包括同类产品,第4款的同类产品应从宽解释。由此,同类产品的认定没有统一标准,WTO争端解决机构享有相当的自由裁量权,国民待遇原则正确适用的争议解决具有一定的不确定性。     

关于吉林省确立“现代工业立省”核心发展战略的建议

在十一届三中全会以来的29年中,吉林省没有明确"现代工业立省"(或"现代工业强省")的"核心发展战略"[1][2]。目前,国内迅速"产业集聚"和分工的趋势告诉我们:吉林省己经站在十字路口上,既有成为"现代工业省"的前景,也有成为"农业省"的可能。我们无论如何要实现前者,而不是后者。吉林省经济社会发展的基本矛盾是"世界现代工业化发展水平与吉林省工业化发展程度相对落后("工业化初期阶段"、"农业省"[3])的矛盾",解决这个基本矛盾的根本方法是确立"现代工业立省"(或"现代工业强省")的"核心发展战略",并贯彻在全省上下党和政府的一切决策和执行之中,以此凝聚全省干部和群众,加快实现现代工业化。同时建议,就"吉林省以什么立省"的问题进行一定范围的讨论。     

Competitive partners in development financing: China and Japan expanding overseas infrastructure investment

Abstract

In the aftermath of the global financial crisis, with the world in search for new economic engines, China and Japan have explicitly given their answer through their expansion of overseas infrastructure investments. This study focuses on the flagship sector of high-speed railways (HSR) and examines what kinds of development financing China and Japan have adopted in making these investments. It asks the following questions: What similarities are there in the Chinese and Japanese approaches to investments in overseas infrastructure, and how do they differ from traditional Western development financing? Also, in what ways have China and Japan changed their approaches to overseas infrastructure projects during this process? It argues that in the process of expanding overseas infrastructure investments and competing for infrastructure projects, China and Japan have become ‘competitive partners’ in challenging the traditional norms of development financing represented by the Washington Consensus and the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). To be more specific, China and Japan have adopted each other’s practices of tied commercial financing, heavy government involvement, focusing on physical infrastructure and industrialization, and showing respect for host-country forms of governance. In particular, by joining China in the new game of exporting infrastructure and through its own ‘quality infrastructure investment’ initiative, Japan has broken out of the constraints of DAC norms as an aid donor and endorsed some fundamental Chinese approaches to development and development cooperation, which in their turn were inspired by earlier Japanese practices.     

以顾客为中心培育国有企业核心竞争能力的思考

核心竞争能力是支撑企业生存和发展的关键。随着入世步伐的加快 ,国有企业要在更加全面、激烈的市场竞争中获得持续的发展 ,就必须尽快有效地建立自己的核心竞争力。根据我国企业所处的内外部条件 ,以顾客为中心是培育国有企业核心竞争能力的必然选择。