构建公共服务的协同机制:一个界定性框架

在公共服务多元主体供给中,存在着多主体和多部门导致的公共服务供给碎片化问题。要解决这种碎片化困境,必须探索构建公共服务供给的协同机制。本文从"目标"和"利益"两个变量出发,来构建公共服务协同机制的分析框架,提出科层制协同、沟通性协同、公-私协同、战略性协同四种协同机制,并结合相关案例分析,来阐释每一种协同机制的内在关系和实现机制。     

我国合同能源管理法律关系探究

我国从国外引进的合同能源管理是一种推广节省能源新技术的模式,在实际运行中需要协调与整合技术、资金、设施建设与项目管理等多方面的关系,因而,我国对合同能源管理、能源管理合同属性的认识比较模糊,并存在多种看法。为此,必须厘清合同能源管理所涉及的法律关系,充分解析能源管理合同的法律属性,分析把握合同能源管理运营中资产等所有权归属问题,在我国现有法律体系框架范围内,正确、有效地调整合同能源管理关系,积极促进节能新技术在全社会的推广、普及。     

农村土地承包经营权的继承问题探析

农村土地承包经营权能否作为继承标的,在理论上及《继承法》的修订中颇有争议。农户以家庭承包方式取得的土地承包经营权,是一种特殊的用益物权,具有福利性和社会保障功能,户内成员均具有特殊的身份并因此形成特殊的准共有关系。户内成员部分死亡时,由于"户"还存在,仅产生生存成员的权利扩张问题,而不存在继承问题;户内成员全部死亡的,承包关系终止,应由发包人收回承包地,也不发生继承问题,唯林地的承包经营权有所例外。而以其他方式承包取得的四荒地的承包经营权,其主体无特定的身份限制,也不承载社会保障功能,作为自然人的承包人死亡时,其承包经营权应可作为遗产。承包地因被征收而获得的补偿费的继承问题,亦应区别不同费用而作不同的对待。     

Tackling the Big Questions in Social Impact Bond Research through Comparative Approaches

Abstract

This special issue of theJournal of Comparative Policy Analysis brings together four cross-disciplinary articles representing the first concerted attempt to combine comparative approaches to extend theoretical and empirical understandings of Social Impact Bonds (SIBs). SIBs are investment-backed payment-by-results projects and have been subject to vigorous academic debate on their appropriateness and efficacy since the first SIB launched in 2010. This introduction to the special issue outlines the state of the academic literature on SIBs, identifying gaps and suggesting five big questions that do not yet have satisfactory answers: (1) What are the administrative or political problems to which SIBs respond? (2) Where and why do SIBs emerge in particular contexts? (3) What is the role of SIBs in the evidence-based policy movement? (4) Is delivering an intervention through a SIB more effective than other means and are associated costs justifiable? (5) Do SIBs catalyse wider organizational, system, or institutional changes? This introduction then summarizes the articles included in this special issue, discusses how they respond to these big questions, and suggests that further comparative research might best address remaining gaps in the literature.     

Improvising Peace: Towards New Social Contracts in Tunisia

ABSTRACT

Eight years after the Arab Spring revolutions, Tunisia's state and citizens are crafting an increasingly resilient national social contract, despite setbacks. This case study examines what is driving Tunisia's efforts, focusing in particular on key transition initiatives – including a national dialogue and a forward-looking constitution adopted by broad consensus, following nation-wide consultations. The case examines how informed and empowered Tunisians built these structures to leverage the inherent resilience capacities of the people, which developed throughout state and civil society formation, women's movements, labour movements, and civic education. The research suggests that two issues that gave rise to the revolution have remained particular challenges for efforts to mediate and address conflict: political and social polarisation and lack of livelihoods. It reveals how Tunisians are calling for more inclusion and institutionalised citizen engagement as a means to address them. Conclusions point to how post-revolution, democratisation gains as well as values of compromise, tolerance, dialogue appear to be immunising Tunisia against irreparable reversals and are laying the foundations for sustainable democratic peace.     

浅议先合同义务

缔约过失责任制度是由德国法学家耶林提出并被誉为法学上的重要发现,对各国的立法和判例法都产生了深远的影响。先合同义务作为缔约过失责任的首要构成要件,对契约生效前契约双方的权利、义务的界定,以及对正确掌握缔约过失责任成立的时间段、缔约过失责任的性质等具有重要的意义。     

强制缔约制度之探析

强制缔约是现代合同法的一项重要制度 ,她可以防止被强制方滥用其权利 ,维护弱势群体的利益 ,践行合同正义。但其适用亦有其条件限制 ,责任承担的方式比较特殊。我国相关立法规定比较滞后 ,应予以完善 ,以求对有关问题加以妥善解决     

关于建立一警双机三管控的调查与思考

推行一警双机三管控机制,主要是通过以社区(责任区)民警为轴心,以社区(责任区)为单位投入户协员、保安员、巡防队员管控辅警力量,可以使松散的群防群治队伍变成具有内在紧密联系的整体,从而构成完整的社区(责任区)治安防范网络。     

由双边契约到习惯规范：一种演化机制的阐释

对于习惯规范产生问题的阐释,除了＂法的确信＂理论外,另有＂契约机制＂理论。于契约机制而言,习惯规范的产生是一个由双边契约演化而生发的过程。在双边契约的演化机制中,主要包括两个部分,即双边契约的扩散机制和前置模式。其中,扩散机制是演化的主体,而前置模式则是必不可少的组成部分。     

试论多元化纠纷解决机制的法理特征与困境

多元化纠纷解决机制是现实社会中解决矛盾与纠纷的重要手段,承载着解决民事纠纷的重要功能。其表现在法理上的特征值得仔细研究,对其司法调解中的限度问题值得关注,尤其是当前法治中的现实困境对纠纷解决机制也产生了不可忽视的影响。