核磁共振技术在控制柴油车尾气污染中的应用

为解决柴油车在道路行驶过程中流动污染问题 ,采用核磁共振技术改善燃油品质 ,以控制减少外排污染物对环境的危害 ,净化城市交通道路环境     

The impact of gun control and gun ownership levels on violence rates

What effects do gun control restrictions and gun prevalence have on rates of violence and crime? Data were gathered for all 170 U.S. cities with a 1980 population of at least 100,000. The cities were coded for the presence of 19 major categories of firearms restriction, including both state- and city-level restrictions. Multiple indirect indicators of gun prevalence levels were measured and models of city violence rates were estimated using two-stage least-squares methods. The models covered all major categories of intentional violence and crime which frequently involve guns: homicide, suicide, fatal gun accidents, robbery, and aggravated assaults, as well as rape. Findings indicate that (1) gun prevalence levels generally have no net positive effect on total violence rates, (2) homicide, gun assault, and rape rates increase gun prevalence, (3) gun control restrictions have no net effect on gun prevalence levels, and (4) most gun control restrictions generally have no net effect on violence rates. There were, however, some possible exceptions to this last conclusion—of 108 assessments of effects of different gun laws on different types of violence, 7 indicated good support, and another 11 partial support, for the hypothesis of gun control efficacy.     

论行政自由裁量权及其控制

行政自由裁量权是行政权力的重要组成部分 ,是提高行政效率和弥补立法不足的必然要求。但行政自由裁量权在行使过程中可能会侵害行政相对人的合法权益 ,滋生腐败。为保证行政自由裁量权按设定的目的运行 ,必须对行政自由裁量权进行道德控制、立法控制、程序控制、权利控制和体制控制。     

克服心理障碍提高射击成绩

射击教学实践证明射击的心理因素对射击成绩影响极大.当射手进入靶场,走向靶位以及击发瞬间不良的心理反应、心理活动和心理变化,不仅会直接引起其生理变化,也会影响其技术水平的发挥,严重的可导致射击失误.因此,射手如何预防和克服射击时的心理障碍,是提高射击成绩和射击技能的关键,也是每名射击指挥员、教练员和学员的必修课.     

论刑事犯罪统计黑数存在的必然性、可认识性、可控制性和功能性

犯罪黑数的存在是必然的,是有规律可循、可以为人们所认识的,同时也可以通过一定的措施加以控制;犯罪黑数的存在不论在立法上,还是检测政府制定的对策上,以及促进司法制度和侦查工作的改革上都有非常积极的帮助。     

The Role of Competition in Determining Corporate Governance Outcomes: Lessons from Australia's Corporate Governance System

Successive waves of corporate collapse in every decade of Australia's history suggest that there is a significant unresolved corporate governance problem in Australia. Corporate collapse has been followed by reform but with little effect on the overall pattern of collapse and reform every decade. This article suggests that one of the elements which entrenches corporate governance problems in Australia is the competitive environment in which companies operate, which currently is not regulating management. It is argued that this anti-competitive environment has two significant effects. First, key shareholders have retained controlling blocks of shares as the benefits of control and the costs of unconstrained management are high in such distorted markets. Secondly, management skills have stagnated, so that bad management and regular management failure have become features of the corporate governance system.     

CRIMINAL PROPENSITY,DEVIANT SEXUAL INTERESTS AND CRIMINAL ACTIVITY OF SEXUAL AGGRESSORS AGAINST WOMEN: A COMPARISON OF EXPLANATORY MODELS*

Three hypotheses have been used to describe the male propensity for sexual aggression towards women: a general propensity to offend, a specific propensity to sexually offend and a combination of both. In this paper, using structural equation modeling, we compared the relative utility of these three hypotheses in explaining criminal activity in adulthood of sexual aggressors of women. In total, 209 adult males who were convicted of at least one sexual offence were included in the study. Results indicate that a propensity model emphasizing the role of an early and persistent general propensity to act in an antisocial manner during childhood and adolescence is most adequate to explain sexual aggressors' criminal activity. After controlling for the role of this propensity, a specific propensity characterized by high sexualization and deviant sexual interests explained only a modest proportion of variance of the sexual criminal activity.     

加强行政事业单位固定资产管理的几项措施

行政事业单位固定资产是行政事业单位开展业务及其他活动的重要物质条件,在各单位的资产结构中占有很大的比重,其管理状况如何,对行政事业单位业务活动的开展、经济效益的提高以及资产的保值增值等均具有十分重要的影响。但从目前实际情况来看,行政事业单位在固定资产管理上普遍存在核算不完善、制度不健全、监管不得力等问题,急需采取有效措施,加强管理。     

（美国）白宫最新禁毒战略释义与简评

20 0 3《国家禁毒战略》明述了美国总统的国家中期禁毒目标———用 2年的时间使毒品滥用情形减少 10 % ,用 5年的时间使毒品滥用情形减少 2 5 %。最引人关注的是 ,2 0 0 3战略记述 ,要用接近 10年的时间实现青少年吸毒现象的首次减少。在战略优先选择方面 ,2 0 0 3战略十分明确要确保三个优先 :第一优先是事前阻止 (在吸毒开始之前 ) ;第二优先是事后戒治 (在吸毒开始之后 ) ;第三个优先是打击市场 (使毒品供应基础结构裂变 )。     

Problems and process: European merger control and how to use it

This paper seeks to explore some of the public affairs principles involved in the EU mergers and acquisitions regulatory process, which affects most corporate restructuring of a European scope. Following a brief overview of the EU merger review process and the main role of public affairs in such cases, the paper explores some of the more sensitive issues that demand public affairs activities, and issues that are raised by public affairs activities. The paper focuses on the open nature of the EU merger review process, which allows for wide consultation; the imperfections within the EU merger review process, which lead to confusion as to where the exact point of decision lies; and the fact that the process is only quasi‐legal, so that competition policy and industrial policy considerations may filter into the regulator's assessment. The impact of politics is also explored; from high‐profile political interventions to low‐key political negotiations. Finally, there is a review of the perception of lobbying and the question of the legitimacy of the public affairs discipline in the context of EU merger control. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications