Moral economy in a global era: the politics of provisions during contemporary food price spikes

The wave of food riots since 2007 revived interest in why people protest in periods of dearth, yet research has to date failed to make sense of the political cultures of food protests. The concept of the moral economy in European history is explored here to make sense of contemporary political perspectives on how food markets should work in Bangladesh, Indonesia, Kenya and Zambia. The concrete expressions of these moral economies are localized and politically contingent, yet there are broad areas of common ground across settings. As with the moral economies of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe, there is strong popular feeling against speculation and collusion in food markets in times of dearth, and an emphasis on the responsibilities of public authorities to act. But whereas the moral economy in European histories focused on customary paternalistic obligations, the contemporary emphasis is on formal and electoral accountabilities as a means of triggering public action. The paper concludes with a discussion of a research agenda on the moral economy and the politics of provisions in globalised present-day food markets.     

谈凯恩斯与凯恩斯主义

约翰.梅纳德.凯恩斯是西方近代宏观经济学的开创者,是公认的20世纪最具创造性和最有影响力的著名经济学家、在经济学领域引发革命的学术泰斗、凯恩斯主义的创始人。凯恩斯经济理论的基础是有效需求理论,国家干预理论是其经济理论最核心的内容。凯恩斯以其天才的智慧提出的经济理论和政策主张,无论是对当代世界资本主义国家还是对我国都产生了重大的影响。     

论非政府组织在公共安全危机管理中的角色分析

在公共安全危机事件应急处置中,政府扮演着主导的角色,但政府并不是危机事件处置的惟一力量。非政府组织由于其自身不同于政府的特点,在公共安全危机事件的应急处置中具有显著的优势,发挥非政府组织的作用,有利于弥补政府资源的不足,整合社会力量,保护受害人和弱势群体的合法权益,消除社会不稳定因素。     

东北近代知识分子的形成及其日本认识

东北近代知识分子是在中国遭受帝国主义侵略,民族危机加深的形势下形成并发展的。自甲午战争至"九.一八"事变,日本一步步成为侵占东北的主要帝国主义国家,自然成为东北知识分子关注的对象,同时东北近代知识分子的形成与日本又有着千丝万缕的联系。近代中日关系对于两国的政治、经济、文化与思想的发展变化都有着巨大影响,在对日关系方面,中国近代知识分子的思想与行动无疑起到了重要作用。考察东北近代知识分子对日本认识的形成与变迁,从中既可获得可资借鉴的历史教训,同时也可获得对现实的启示。     

重建"阶级话语":工会维权的合法化和正义论基础研究

自由主义的个人主义政治理论和马克思主义的阶级政治理论构成了现代社会中两种针锋相对的合法化叙事路径。从深层的社会历史逻辑和政治逻辑来看,只要资本的逻辑没有根本改变,阶级政治话语就始终是资本合法性的批判维度,也始终是工人阶级追求"阶级平等"与"制度正义"的合法化源泉和正义论基础。资本的全球化和我国已成为"世界工厂"的客观逻辑决定了"阶级话语"不可能"退场"。"阶级平等"应该成为"制度正义"的基本考量。     

On the Rights Protection of Vulnerable Groups Under the Prevention and Control of a Public health Crisis: A Literature Review and Perspective for Future Directions

The legal system for prevention and control of a public health crisis rests on two pillars: human rights protection and good governance. This duality is well illustrated by substantively equal treatment of vulnerable groups in a pandemic from the perspectives of public service, social inclusion, accessible environment, gender equality, and right to health. A review of literature on this topic shows that current research needs to address the gap between “life supremacy” and “equal protection” in the area of human rights protection, and the gap between “putting people first” and “strict control at the grassroots level” in the area of good governance. The research should employ intersectional methodology to highlight the rights logic of the socialist legal system and the key role of the Communist Party of China’s leadership in balancing individual versus community rights, enhancing the governance capability for participation by multiple social agents, ensuring equal protection for disadvantaged groups, promoting inclusive and sustainable development, and realizing the common prosperity of all the people.     

交通运输系统公共安全危机管理法制化研究

公共安全危机管理法制化的实质即是建立和健全动员社会力量协作参与,征调一切可用的人、财、物,以有效应对公共安全危机的法律框架体系。从交通运输系统现有法律框架的角度看,普遍存在着实体上权、责、利划分的不平衡,程序上过度任意性的问题,其后果是在非常态社会秩序下,政府权力的超常行使必然对应公民、企业等社会个体权利的过分压抑。未来公共安全危机管理法制化的进程应该从权力的分配、权力行使的程序规范与及权力运行的监督等方面入手,构建权力控制机制和权利救济途径明确的法律框架。     

当前我国非直接利益冲突频发的体制性根源

近年频发的非直接利益冲突是社会矛盾的新形态,是改革开放过程中经济—政治—行政—社会等体制性弊端日积月累的必然产物。这些弊端主要表现为经济利益高度分化所导致的"相对剥夺感"、参与制度供给不足所导致的"权利贫困"、公共权力异化和政府治理能力滞后所导致的"合法性危机"及公民社会发育不良所导致的"公共空间萎缩"。     

从危机管理看逻辑思维在民警培训中的缺失

当危机出现时,若不及时控制事态的发展,就会导致问题复杂化,甚至出现事态愈演愈烈的情形。为了在危机出现的第一时间抓住处理问题的关键、找准化解冲突的办法、把握事态发展的趋势,必须迅速作出规划决策,这对规划决策人能否应用严密的逻辑思维化解危机是一个考验。为此提出,民警培训应当加入逻辑思维的训练内容,并创新培训方式。     

Alternative action organizations across different welfare and third sector regimes during hard economic times

ABSTRACT

Since 2008, the international economic and financial crisis has been affecting the living and working conditions of European citizens in different ways and scope. Yet, the pattern is of rising unemployment, social deprivation and poverty, cuts in health, education and social security budgets. These negative socio-economic conditions have led to major transformations in collective responses, which, among others, take place through Alternative Action Organisations (AAOs). The specific organizations carry out non-mainstream activities that primarily target the economic and the social well-being of citizens, including their basic needs, health and lifestyles. Using quantitative data from the LIVEWHAT project and drawing on social origins theory and resource mobilization theory, the article investigates AAOs’ main characteristics across four European countries that have been differently affected from the recent recession as well as belong to different welfare state and third sector regimes, including Germany, Greece, Sweden and Poland. The findings stress the importance of considering the particular combinations of the welfare state and third sector regimes as well as the severity of the experienced economic crisis in understating the variation in AAOs’ main features under a comparative perspective.