女性学的学科地位及其发展

新世纪以来,学科分化和学科整合的频率加快,范围扩大,层次加深。面对21世纪的女性学研究,有必要提倡＂格物致用＂的哲学思想,通过跨学科比较的视角,促进应用学科的发展。因此从学科渊源、学科定位、学科特性与理论发展三个层面入手,可以比较女性学与女性主义的异同,凸显中国语境中女性学研究当前所面临的一些问题,这有利于提高女性工作者的理论素养,了解学科前沿问题,培养创新意识,促进女性发展。     

Teaching Obama: history,critical race theory and social work education

ABSTRACT

Barack Obama's first autobiography, Dreams from My Father (1995), explores themes of race and identity up to the late 1980s in the life of the first African American president. The book emphasizes Obama's personal struggle as the son of an interracial couple, and the social and environmental context that shaped his growth and transformation. Using the tools of critical race theory, Freeman illustrates how Obama's autobiography can be used in the classroom to explore an individual's developing racial consciousness in the 1970s and 1980s, and as a prism through which students can understand what it means to live in the post-civil-rights-movement era. Obama's life history illuminates how the ideas and meanings of racial progress in the United States are contested and struggled over on a daily basis at both the micro and macro level.     

记录历史·交流信息·传播理念——对《妇女研究论丛》学术会议综述的评述

借《妇女研究论丛》创刊20周年之机,对其中的学术会议综述进行回顾与检视,不仅是学术刊物自身发展的需要,也是妇女研究和妇女发展的需要。透过百余篇会议综述,所看到的不仅是妇女研讨活动的历史记录,而且是中国社会发展的历史记录;同时,综述中国妇女研究会会刊的一个特色版块,在妇女研究信息交流、性别平等理念传播等方面也发挥了积极的作用。     

POVERTY,INFANT MORTALITY,AND HOMICIDE RATES IN CROSS-NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE: ASSESSMENTS OF CRITERION AND CONSTRUCT VALIDITY*

This article assesses the extent to which the infant mortality rate might be treated as a “proxy” for poverty in research on cross-national variation in homicide rates. We have assembled a pooled, cross-sectional time-series data set for 16 advanced nations from the 1993–2000 period that includes standard measures of infant mortality and homicide and contains information on the following commonly used “income-based” poverty measures: a measure intended to reflect “absolute” deprivation and a measure intended to reflect “relative” deprivation. With these data, we assess the criterion validity of the infant mortality rate with reference to the two income-based poverty measures. Also, we estimate the effects of the various indicators of disadvantage on homicide rates in regression models, thereby assessing construct validity. The results reveal that the infant mortality rate is correlated more strongly with “relative poverty” than with “absolute poverty,” although much unexplained variance remains. In the regression models shown here, the measure of infant mortality and the relative poverty measure yield significant positive effects on homicide rates, whereas the absolute poverty measure does not exhibit any significant effects. The results of our analyses suggest that it would be premature to dismiss relative deprivation in cross-national research on homicide, and that disadvantage is conceptualized and measured best as a multidimensional construct.     

关于蝴蝶鉴定与相关法律的研究

蝴蝶是我国珍稀的物种资源．其标本色彩艳丽、图案奇异，观赏和收藏价值很高。目前．国内有一些不法分子通过走私和网上销售等手段，将我国濒危、珍稀的蝴蝶物种高价倒卖到境外。牟取暴利．这应引起我国政府的高度关注。     

孙复《春秋》学思想探源

北宋的孙复是庆历前后著名的《春秋》学者，所著《春秋尊王发微》具有浓重的尊王攘夷倾向。细绎之，《春秋尊王发微》在基本观点、尊王倾向，尤其是以日月时例解经等方面都与《毂梁传》有明显的继承关系。从这个角度讲，孙复丰富和发展了《毂梁传》的思想，对《毂梁传》的传承起到了重要作用。     

新时代中国工会学学科建设思路与实现路径研究

进入新发展阶段，加强工会学学科建设具有重大战略意义，是丰富中国特色哲学社会科学学科 体系的重要内容，是建构中国工会自主知识体系的迫切需要，是推进新时代中国工运事业和工会工作稳定创新 发展的时代要求，是提高工会干部队伍专业化建设的现实需要。研究认为，中国工会学主要应用马克思主义的 理论和方法 , 研究中国工会的产生和发展过程以及工会活动的规律，是马克思主义工会理论中国化的成果，应当 依托马克思主义理论一级学科进行培育和建设。中国工会学学科理论体系的逻辑结构应当以“工会学”的本体 研究为核心，以“工会 +”的相关研究为支撑。研究建议，新时代推动中国工会学学科建设，要加强组织领导， 推动学位学历教育，加强学术研究和教材建设，并在全国高校形成工会学学术共同体。     

中德侦查制度比较研究

中德两国的侦查制度各有特点中国侦查机关的单一系统有利于侦查部门的协作配合,侦查效率高,德国侦查机关的两个系统侦查权限不明,侦查效率低;德国侦查程序中的被害人有权强迫检察官起诉,有利于保护被害人的权利,中国侦查程序规定被害人有权申诉,给予被害人的权利比德国小;德国侦查强制措施限制的范围广,注重的是使公民权利在国家权力的强制性措施和非强制性措施面前都能得到有效保护,中国的强制措施只限于对公民人身权利的限制,注重的是运用措施收集证据;德国的非法证据限制排除原则,有利于保护国家利益,中国对非法证据的法律效力问题未作规定,容易导致司法部门各行其是;德国的强制证人作证制度,有利于侦查活动的顺利进行,中国不能强制证人作证,既浪费人力、物力,又不利于侦查.比较中德侦查制度的异同,吸收、借鉴德国的有益经验,有利于完善我国的侦查制度.     

Ex-offender employment programs and recidivism: A meta-analysis

One consequence of the tremendous growth in the number of persons under supervision of the criminal justice system, whether incarcerated, on parole, or on probation, is the effect of this criminal history on finding and keeping a job. Ex-offenders, especially those recently released from prison, face substantial barriers to many types of legal employment; nonetheless, stable employment is one of the best predictors of post-release success. Thus, policy-makers concerned about high recidivism rates face an obvious need to improve the employment prospects of ex-offenders. Over the last 25 years, many programs that were designed to increase employment (and, by so doing, reduce recidivism) among ex-offenders have been implemented and evaluated. [Wilson, D. B., Gallagher, C. A., Coggeshall, M. B. & MacKenzie, D. L. (1999). Corrections Management Quarterly 3(4), 8–18; Wilson, D. B., Gallagher, C. A. & MacKenzie, D. L. (2000). Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 37(4), 347–368] conducted a quantitative synthesis and meta-analysis of 33 evaluations of educational, vocational, and work programs for persons in correctional facilities. To date, however, the evaluation literature on employment programs for those with a criminal record who are not in custody has not been systematically reviewed. This paper presents the results of a quantitative meta-analysis of eight random assignment studies of such programs, using the Campbell Collaboration methodology. The results indicate that this group of community employment programs for ex-offenders did not reduce recidivism; however, the experimental design research on this question is small and does not include some of the promising community employment programs that have emerged in the last decade.     

高等职业教育国际比较研究的文献述评

目前,我国已有许多高等职业教育国际比较研究的文献,包括高等教育的法制建设、财政制度、管理体制等问题,涉及的国别也很多。而这些研究大都是从一个或几个方面入手探讨一个或几个国家高等职业教育问题,略显片面,应从更广泛的角度进行系统考察。总结国内现有研究成果的缺失,既可以为今后的研究提供借鉴,也能在一定程度上减少由于研究角度不同给政策制定部门带来困扰和误导;在国际比较研究中加强关注、考察世界各国在高等职业教育的制度和政策,有助于解决国内高等职业教育的现实问题,也可为其提供更多的实证依据和政策建设。