Green Light for PPP on German Motorways?

While public–private partnerships (PPPs) have surged worldwide since the 1990s, they have been met with growing skepticism during the last years. A recent revision of Germany’s constitutional rules on motorway construction and observations on the use of PPPs published by both the German and the European Courts of Auditors illustrate this new caution. These two examples fit into a general trend towards a revival of the public sector, which can be summarized under the cross-level umbrella term “publicization.” It would, however, be remiss to replace the uncritical euphoria that once surrounded privatization with a similarly undifferentiated euphoria regarding publicization. Rather, it is crucial to identify the most appropriate solution for the fulfilment of each public task from the “toolbox” of publicization on the one hand and privatization on the other hand in order to ensure the most effective completion of public functions.     

中国省域法制现代化进程非均衡差异及其相关社会影响因素的实证研究——基于计量经济分析法学的中国法制现代化进程演化模拟

中国的法制现代化是一个从传统人治社会向现代法治社会的转型过程,是中华法律文明的成长与跃进过程。通过构建由地方立法、诉讼、律师和地方法学教育等4方面组成的中国省域法制现代化进程实证评价指标体系,采用主成分分析与层次聚类分析相结合的综合集成评估方法,对中国省域法制现代化进程进行评估与比较,将中国31个省域的法制现代化进程分为领先型、挑战型、追赶型和后进型4个集团,并通过采用灰色相关度分析的方法,将4项法律指标分别与人均GDP、城市化、城乡差距、教育指数等4项社会指标进行灰色相关分析与比较。研究发现我国各省域的法制现代化进程在东中西部地区之间是极端不均衡的。在中国省域法制现代化进程各法律指标的相关社会影响中,影响的效果从强到弱的排序依次是人均GDP、城市化、城乡差距、教育指数。从各省域法制现代化进程的层面和影响省域法制现代化进程的各个因素层面出发,我们应采取缩小我国各省域法制现代化进程非均衡差异的相应对策。     

论县级市政府职能转变的制约因素

本从县级市政府职能转变的现状入手,多角度、多方位地分析了影响县级市政府职能转变的诸因素,并扼要指出目前应采取的对策和措施。     

The role of debt,death and dispossession in world-ecological transformations: swidden commons and tar capitalism in nineteenth-century Finland

ABSTRACT

This article theorises about the ways in which commodity frontiers replace forest commons. New insights are offered into the role of debt, enclosures, the death of human and extra-human natures, and the role of the state in historical processes through an analysis of historical material and recent scholarship on eastern Finland's role in global capitalist expansion in the nineteenth century. The article contributes to the general study of commons and the expansion of capitalist world-ecology. We discuss how swidden commons were more sustainable than generally assumed. The article provides an original theoretical framework for studying world-ecological transformations. We argue that a study of debt, death and dispossession – which we call the three work-horses of tar capitalism – can shed new light on the expansion of commodity frontiers.     

关于第三人与有过失的研究——兼评我国相关立法的不足及提出建议

文章从法定代理人和使用人与有过失以及直接受害人与有过失的情况入手,探讨了在何种情况下第三人与有过失而应由受害人负责的问题,并进一步指出了我国相关立法的不足并提出了建议。     

In the Eye of the Storm: The Italian Economy and the Eurozone Crisis

Abstract

The eurozone crisis had a more significant and longer-lasting impact on Italy than on virtually any other member state, with the effects still visible a decade after. The extent of the shock was surprising in view of progress Italy had apparently made in the 1990s in terms of enhancing its capacity to meet the demands of European Monetary Union. The explanation for this traumatic economic experience lies in Italy’s deep, long-term, structural tensions which were placed under severe pressure during the 1990s and which were cracked open by the 2011 sovereign debt crisis. These have had long-standing economic effects as well as political ramifications in terms of a significant change in the Italy–EU relationship.     

夫妻财产和债务关系的解构与重构——以《民法典》第1062-1065条的解释论为中心

对于夫妻债务问题而言,原《婚姻法解释二》第24条所体现的"推定论"与指导《民法典》第1064条第2款立法的"用途论"均非妥当的应对策略,切合实际的治本之道只能是实现夫妻对外责任财产的有效区隔。为此起见,针对民法典相关规定的解释论应当严格区分作为夫妻内部财产关系的"抽象财产价值"划分问题与作为夫妻外部财产关系的民商财产权归属问题,并以"财产权表面归属原则"所认可的公示和类公示规则充任后一问题的解决指南。唯有首先满足这些前提,并辅之以债权人撤销权等配套制度,夫妻之间方有可能最终达致"共债共签、各债各偿"的理想状态。     

我国地方政府债务形成机制及风险防范机制研究

近年来，我国地方政府债务持续累积。所孕育的财政和金融风险不断放大。我国地方债务形成既有其深刻的内在体制性原因，又有外在的媒介性平台。因此，建立地方债务风险防范机制，抑制地方债务过度膨胀，是有效化解债务风险的重要途径。     

我国地方财政投融资平台债务风险分析

1994年的分税制改革导致中央财政收入占全国财政收入的比重迅速增加,地方政府在财政收入迅速减少的情况下还要承担大量的事权。在这种财力与事权不匹配的情况下,地方政府只有通过举借债务来完成基本公共产品的提供和基本公共服务的供给。金融危机之后,地方融资平台数量骤增,地方债务数额短期内迅速膨胀,加大了银行信贷风险。因此,防范并化解地方政府债务风险便成为当务之急。     

论地方立法的层次构成与效力体系

地方立法是国家法律的重要组成部分。由于我国的行政区划的种类和层级都比较多 ,不同种类 ,不同层级的行政区划 ,享有的地方立法权的大小和范围是不一样的 ;同一级别的行政区划 ,有的享有立法权 ,有的不享有立法权 ,所以我国的地方性法规和规章 ,有着较为复杂的层次构成和效力等级体系 ,具有复杂性和多样性的特点