国有企业职工阶层意识研究--对一家国有企业阶层关系的调查与分析

本文在对一家大型国有企业的问卷调查和数据分析的基础上,分析了该企业不同层级职工的职工认同感、职工自身对层级划分标准和所处层级的判断.提出相对于职工经济和社会地位的分化,其阶层意识虽然具有一定滞后性,但基本与之同步.     

论我国个人破产法律制度的构建

我国目前正在着手修改的《合伙企业法》,拟增加关于“有限合伙”的内容。在有限合伙相应的破产环节上各国一般均通过个人破产制度予以调整和化解。加之我国家庭整体负债率高,居民个人消费和社会的整体经济形式存在失衡,个人破产立法势在必行。目前我国消费信用体系正在建设之中且已初具规模,中国实施个人破产已初步具备条件。但是个人破产是一把双刃剑,应当设置较高的申请破产的门槛和合理的财产扣押范围,建立符合中国实际的债务清偿计划制度和破产免责制度,并实行人格破产和限制消费制度,同时应避免金融机构为获取贷款利润滥发信用卡,鼓动消费者过分超前消费。     

Rationalities and Levels of Analysis in Complex Social Issues: The Examples of School Overcrowding and Poverty

This paper presents a 5 × n table for charting complex social issues, particularly those characterized by oppression and injustice. Its five columns are Paul Diesing’s rationalities: technical, economic, social, legal, and political. Its n rows are levels of analysis from individuals, groups, organizations, communities, regions, and nations to international and global perspectives. Utilizing school overcrowding and poverty as examples of local and global social issues, the paper describes the relevance of this analytic framework for social action and research. The framework contributes a complex view of social issues that avoids oversimplifying them and suggests how they are experienced by people living with social injustice. The framework proposes cross-disciplinary projects among scholars and collaborative projects among scholars, practitioners, and advocates.     

索债型非法拘禁罪若干问题研究

索债型非法拘禁罪是非法拘禁罪的一种特例,该罪在主体、客体、主观方面、客观方面既不同于一般的非法拘禁罪,也有别于绑架罪、抢劫罪。在索债型非法拘禁罪的既遂与未遂的认定标准上应该采用单一行为说,该罪的共同犯罪形态有不同表现形式。区分此罪与绑架罪、抢劫罪时应紧扣债务的性质和行为目的,在实践中还存在着该罪与其他罪行的转化、竞合情形。     

“增信措施”的担保定性及公司对外担保规则的适用

增信措施是指在典型的保证方式以外,第三方提供的其他能够增加债务人信用和保障债权人债权实现的措施或方式,包括但不限于债务加入、第三方差额补足、到期回购以及流动性支持等。实务中有关增信措施的裁判规则未尽统一,原因在于就其性质存在第三人清偿、独立的合同义务、债务加入以及保证等多种认识,而这些认识均有不同程度的缺陷。《九民纪要》第23条明确了公司加入他人债务准用对外担保的规则,自应适用《公司法》第16条通过决议机制限制公司对外担保的规定;但《九民纪要》第91条、《民法典担保制度解释》第36条对其他增信措施的规定却未明确此一规则,增信措施的定性及有关问题的处理规则仍存疑问。增信措施与保证既有关联,也有差别,宜将其定性为非典型保证,并与非典型物的担保共同构成非典型担保。公司对外提供的可能产生财产责任后果的增信措施与对外担保在效果上别无二致;公司治理的理念客观上要求公司不能随意对外提供增信措施;增信措施藉由非典型担保可被《公司法》第16条所涵摄,公司对外提供增信措施的,同样应遵循公司对外担保的规则。     

企业逃债行为法律规制的不足与完善

现实中有很多利用公司的独立人格、有限责任进行资产转移，从而逃避债务的现象，但现有法律制度在对此进行规制时存在明显不足，不能有效的打击企业这种隐蔽的逃债行为。我们要从民事、行政和刑事法律制度三方面入手加以完善，构建有效的防范与打击企业逃债的法律体系。     

西方债务危机背景下公共福利制度困境的探索与反思

在美欧债务危机背景下,公共福利制度遭遇阻滞社会发展的瓶颈,这种困境凸显在各国政府面前,引起社会各界的探索与反思。从学术角度来看,既要挖掘公共福利制度困境的理论诠释与缺陷,又要探索公共福利制度发展的理论框架与分析路径。从实践角度来分析,既要剖析妥善解决公共福利制度困境的主要影响因素,又要反思公共福利制度困境带来的逆向公正问题。归根结底,公共福利制度的改革势不可挡,公共组织、企业与社会组织都应该成为社会福利的责任主体,建立政府、市场与社会合作共担社会福利责任的机制迫在眉睫。     

如何回应弱化债权下的强势债务现象——论讨债中自助行为与非法拘禁的法益衡量

在债法关系中,强势债务人以＂司法碰瓷＂的手法企图逃脱债务,期间,由于公力救助不力迫使债权人转而实施自救并频发绑架和拘禁债务人事件,为此引发对债权人课以非法拘禁罪正当性的质疑以及设定自助行为必要性与合理性的思考。通过法益衡量认为允许债权人适度介入自助讨债行为有利于债权的实现,并对自助适用的条件、范围及其入罪情形和类别进行了深入细致的研究,从而得出在当前公力救助不力的情况下为追索债务而实施自助行为应以不定罪为原则定罪为例外的结论,以期构筑自助行为法律化、方式多元化的民刑共济价值取向。     

Deep finance: sovereign debt crises and the secondary market ‘fix’

Links between ballooning national debts and official aid conditionalities are well understood. Private sovereign debt markets, in contrast, have been largely overlooked outside mainstream economics. Yet, since the 1980s, a ‘secondary market regime’ in sovereign bonds has transformed financial geographies and legal practices, facilitating the build-up of riskier sovereign debts and strengthening specialized distressed debt investors. This secondary market ‘fix’ has enabled the international financial system to muddle through successive crises. Using the recently concluded Argentine debt saga as an example, I show how the secondary market regime’s effects on debtors are intertwined with, but distinct from, those of structural adjustment programmes; in cases of resistance to neoliberalism, ‘deep’ secondary market debt structures serve to push countries (back) into the neoliberal fold.     

Assessing the G77: 50 years after unctad and 40 years after the nieo

This article views the history of the Group of 77 through the lens of its relations with unctad’s establishment in 1964, its unsuccessful struggle for the nieo in the 1970s, and the subsequent loosening of ties. The debt crisis of the 1980s, the Uruguay Round negotiations, and the arrival of the wto are seen as crucial forces unravelling the previously close links. Growing differentiation among developing countries and the changing leadership of the G77 are also cited as important influences on its current relationship with unctad.