论将"受虐妇女综合症"作为正当防卫的可采证据

“受虐妇女综合症”原本是社会心理学概念 ,用以证明在不具备传统意义正当防卫的条件下 ,受虐妇女反击行为的合理性 ;英美等国家将此理论作为正当防卫的可采证据 ;我国借鉴外国司法实践具有一定的现实意义。     

被告答辩行为任意性的弊端及改进

民事诉讼中 ,原、被告的诉讼地位和诉讼权利义务应具有平等性和对等性。我国民诉中被告答辩行为任意主义的立法 ,违背了原、被告诉讼权利平等原则 ,有违诉讼真义 ,不利于案件事实的查清 ,有违诉讼经济原则 ,不利于审判效率的提高。文章通过对美国诉答程序合理性的分析 ,提出我国应强化对被告答辩行为的约束 ,并就其可行性进行了探讨。     

治安防控中的时空整合

治安防控是中国公安机关适应新形势下动态治安管理需要所采取的新举措。在治安防控中进行时空整合,有利于提高快速反应的实战能力,有利于提高我们发现和预防犯罪的能力,有利于发现和打击现行犯罪和预谋犯罪。     

Defendant and juror race in a necessity case: An ultimate attribution error

This study investigated whether Black and White mock jurors would commit the ultimate attribution error (i.e., over-rely on dispositional explanations to understand the negative actions of out-group members) in a necessity defense case. Participants (N = 97) read a fictional looting case, in which the race of the defendant varied. Mock jurors were expected to show out-group severity through more guilty verdicts and blame attributions. Mock juror and defendant race were not significantly related to verdicts, but for the Black defendant, White mock jurors attributed more control to him, and believed he was likely to reoffend more so than did Black mock jurors. This study adds to the literature on the mechanism by which racial bias interferes with juror decisions.     

The offensive posture of NATO's missile defence system

A compelling case can be made to develop a NATO's missile defence system in response to the advancement of missile technology and the danger of nuclear weapons. However, this development also undermines Russia's retaliatory capacity, and consequently heightens the offensive potential of nuclear weapons. This article explores the offence/defence posture of NATO's missile defence plans in terms of both capabilities and strategy. It is argued that NATO is incrementally increasing the strength and reach of its missile defence components, while rejecting any international treaty to regulate and limit their future expansion. This corresponds with a strategy of achieving invulnerability through counterforce and utilising NATO as an ‘insurance policy’ against Russia, to be activated when conflicts arise. We conclude that NATO has the capacity to distinguish between an offensive and defensive posture by discriminating between potential targets, but it has displayed no intention to do so.     

警察职务防卫权行使的正当性要素及原则

本文以警察职务防卫权的主体、内容及目的等要素作为分析逻辑,解析了警察职务防卫权主体的适格性、内容的法定性以及目的设定与手段对应具有高度的契合性等正当化要素,提出了警察职务防卫权行使及理论建构必须坚持的原则。     

论偶然防卫

偶然防卫是正当防卫制度中一个非常特殊的问题,表面上它产生与正当防卫相似的防卫效果,但实质上它是一种不能完全排除其犯罪性质的行为。基于行为人主观罪过的不同,偶然防卫可分为故意偶然防卫和过失偶然防卫。对偶然防卫行为的处罚,应在考虑行为本身及其所造成的损害是否超过必要限度的基础上,根据偶然防卫行为的不同类型而有所区别。     

警察执行职务与正当防卫行为辨析

法律法规没有明确规定警务防卫行为,警务防卫行为的正确与否难以用法律条文来评判,更多的是用正当防卫的条件来衡量,这种评判标准的合理性和准确性值得商榷,因为警察执行职务和正当防卫并非同一种行为。笔者从六个方面研究两者之间的区别,企盼引起立法界的重视,促进增设警务防卫权的立法进程。     

国防工业市场化改革的路径选择

国防工业的市场化改革,既要遵循市场经济的一般规律,又要充分考虑国防工业自身的特点和规律。我国国防工业的市场化改革,必须从我国国防工业发展的特点和所处的制度环境出发,建立军工现代企业制度,完善国防工业市场结构,改革军工产业准入制度,构建有效的竞争模式和改进军工扶持政策。     

参与、对话、共享:试论新型控辩关系的构建

我国控辩关系失衡由来已久:规范维度上,立法滞后、保障不力;实证维度上,控方一家独大,辩方权利萎缩;观念维度上,长期权力本位,辩护权倍受歧视。新型控辩关系构建,须从参与、对话、共享三方面入手。其中,参与机制需要从制度上保证辩护人全程、全面、立体化介入诉讼;对话机制源于戴维·伯姆的对话理论,通过控辩对话消除侦控过程的思维碎片化,建立互信、强化协作;信息共享机制源于信息不对称引发的司法寻租,须构建以控方为主、辩方为补充的信息披露义务,让各方在公开透明的司法程序中公平竞技。