中国传统社稷安全观略论

国家安全是政治学研究的学科热点之一,而社稷安全是国家传统安全观研究中的一环。从学理上看,社稷安全曾历经多次威胁,包括王权统治的制度性威胁"谋大逆"与"谋反",内部威胁"寇贼"与外部威胁"外敌"等多重问题。而在此基础上形成的社稷安全观,也具有双重性、内向性和多元平衡性的特点。第一是强调文化与武力的同等重要。传统社稷安全观对文化安全观非常重视。从内外两个方面上看,一方面在家国同构的基础上大力维护儒家的伦理观念,另一方面是以文明传播的形式构建在地缘政治中的身份认同,从而确立整体的和谐共处前景。第二是强调政治管理的作用,即在国家安全因素中凸显内因高于外因的特点。决定国力的根本在于内部的稳定,而王朝的职责在于维持经济生产的有序和政治管理的清明。基于这一条件,传统社稷安全观呈现出很强的内向性和保守性,同时对外部武力进犯非常敏感。第三是追求以"分封制"为核心的异质文明间非暴力统一的共处关系。在一个文明图内有共同的政治偶像——孔子,共同的政治标准——"儒家"和共同的政治理想——"和"。     

China's aggressive ‘periphery diplomacy’ and South Korean perspectives

In this special section, the present article reviews South Korean perspectives on China's ‘periphery diplomacy’ with a focus on Chinese behaviour with respect to the East China Sea maritime territory and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). By analysing research papers published by various Korean research institutions and academic journals, this article demonstrates that most Korean scholars hold that as long as China's growth goes on, the tensions between the US and China are likely to intensify. The article also shows that one of the primary concerns of South Korean scholars lies in the question of how South Korea should respond to changing regional orders and a rising China. The article argues that South Korea's strategic dilemma is reflected in a regional structure in which competition between two great powers has recently forced the periphery to impose bilateral ties on.     

Art of the Power Deal: The Four Negotiation Roles of Donald J. Trump

In this article, I mine President Donald Trump’s considerable writing and speaking record to synthesize the key elements of his deal‐making approach to help make better sense of his rhetoric and actions on the world’s diplomatic stage. My argument is that Trump’s coercive negotiation style is best understood through the prism of his four public roles: observer, performer, controller, and disrupter. In this article, I analyze how these roles translate into his negotiating behavior. Spotting and exploiting vulnerability is his trade; leverage and bravado are his tools. After assessing the opposing side, Trump uses leverage to threaten his counterparts’ weaknesses, while using bravado to play up the advantages of reaching an agreement on his terms. This way, he presents a drastic structured choice to his opponents, leaving them the least maneuvering space. In the final section of the paper, I illustrate how the four‐role framework helps explain Trump’s decisions in the nuclear negotiations with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. I also consider opportunities for further research.     

Understanding EU crisis diplomacy in the European neighbourhood: strategic narratives and perceptions of the EU in Ukraine,Israel and Palestine

ABSTRACT

This Special Issue seeks to better understand the role of communication and perception in EU crisis diplomacy. In a recent Special Issue in this journal, Catarina Kinnvall, Ian Manners and Jennifer Mitzen argue that, “?…?the greatest security challenge facing people across Europe is not physical, despite the threats of Putin and ISIS, but is a sense of fear and anxiety over their daily lives” [2018. Introduction to 2018 Special Issue of European Security: “Ontological (in)security in the European Union”. European security, 27 (3), 249–265]. We take an interdisciplinary approach to widen the scope of studies on European security and offer new avenues for further research into how citizens in the EU’s neighbourhood understand the security challenges they face and the role the EU plays in addressing these. Through this, we aim to bring theoretical and methodological innovation to understanding the role of the EU as an external actor.     

试论尼克松对华决策机制及其面临的内部反弹——以对台军援问题为中心

出于结束越战和地缘政治考虑,尼克松和基辛格有意打开中美关系大门,但因保守派和亲台势力竭力反对,加之两人政治个性等原因,他们在对华决策时选择了相当封闭的“总统-国家安全事务助理”机制,并在早期采取了对华秘密接触方式,这导致美国国内对华政策的极大反弹。秘密外交公开前,美国政府各部门在削减对台军援以缓和中美关系问题上曾达成脆弱一致;而秘密外交公开后,军方、保守派、亲台势力则借增加对台军援向白宫发难,以示其被排除在对华决策核心之外的不满及对中美缓和的反对。这说明对华“总统-国家安全事务助理”决策机制、秘密外交手段对当时中美关系具有“双刃剑”式的影响。     

科学发展观维度下的中国环境外交新战略构建

中国是最大的发展中国家,也是一个环境大国.环境外交已成为中国外交的重要组成部分.文章探讨了科学发展观与中国环境外交新战略的内在联系,并考察了科学发展观指导下中国环境外交的实践.指出中国应尽快构筑科学发展观维度下的环境外交新战略.     

全球金融危机背景下俄罗斯的亚太外交

俄罗斯是一个横跨欧亚大陆的国家,亚太地区在俄罗斯外交政策中占据重要地位。俄罗斯新任总统梅德韦杰夫继续实行务实、平衡的亚太政策。面对各种传统和非传统安全威胁,应对全球金融经济危机的严峻挑战,俄罗斯积极开展亚太地区外交活动。俄罗斯积极发展与亚太地区邻国的关系,特别是俄罗斯与中印的战略伙伴关系,广泛参加亚太地区事务,开展多边对话与合作。俄罗斯积极推动国际金融结构和货币体系改革,扩大亚太地区政治、经济、安全对话与合作,以及亚太地区安全体系建设。通过发展俄罗斯与亚太地区关系,促进了俄罗斯东西伯利亚和远东地区的经济发展,为俄罗斯大国外交开拓亚太战略空间。     

关于加强中国热点外交的若干对策思考

目前中国热点外交所面临的挑战和存在的问题,主要反映在思想、理论与实践等领域。为解决这些问题,在思想上,中国要从战略高度对热点外交进行定位,具体表现在要从统筹国际和国内两个大局的高度看待热点外交的战略重要性,要从中国的价值理念与外交政策定位热点外交的指导思想与目标。在理论研究方面,中国要从国家利益、地缘政治、介入和参与的身份与环境要求等角度,对热点问题分类,并建立长效研究机制。在实践方面,中国应通过灵活运用外交基本原则、完善特使制度、增强外交统筹和平衡、加强中美战略对话、加大对伊朗核问题参与力度、创新外援体制、创新公共外交机制,解决当前热点外交面临的紧迫问题。     

中国东盟关系发展的民间机制与公共外交——以中国东盟友好协会为基础

自2006年以来,在中国与东盟的对话合作机制中,中国东盟友好协会以民间组织形式发挥了对官方机制的"补缺"功能,并通过协会年会将其逐渐常态化和定型化,把中国东盟民间关系放到"公共外交"的范畴进行思考可以看出,在更多的场合下,中国对东盟的政府外交和公共外交两者的角色基本上是统一、协调但又有分工的。     

IR Teaching Reloaded: Using Films and Simulations in the Teaching of International Relations

This article reflects some experiences in teaching International Relations (IR) by using films to supplement the use of simulations and role play scenarios. The authors have used simulations and role play scenarios in order to teach complex issues and theories, and to engage the interest of students. By using films to supplement the use of simulations in classrooms, it is suggested that students become more active in their own learning. A number of ways in which simulations and role play can be used in teaching are established here alongside an array of films that can be shown to students to complement such teaching approaches. The use of films to teach IR theory is also listed. It is concluded that the use of simulations, role play, and films in teaching IR can aid student learning especially in terms of IR theory.