广西工业名牌优质产品的调查与分析

文章基于广西名牌优质产品分布结构 ,及其对地区经济和所在行业的作用 ,分析了发展名牌优质产品的问题及原因 ,提出加快工业名牌优质产品的发展要在技术创新、制度创新、组织创新、管理创新和市场创新上要有新的突破。     

我国期货品种上市机制面临的问题及解决——《期货交易管理条例》实施两周年之际的反思

我国现行期货新品种上市机制已经成为期货市场发展的"瓶颈",导致期货市场效率低下、功能难以充分发挥、国际竞争力明显不足.从国外期货品种上市机制立法看.完善期货品种上市机制已经成为各国增强其期货市场国际竞争力的重要途径,全球期货品种上市机制呈现出核准制和注册制融合的发展趋势.但是,鉴于我国期货市场所处的发展阶段,期货品种上市机制改革应沿着改良审批制、逐步过渡到核准制、最后发展为注册制的路径稳步推进.     

论入世后中国农产品贸易对生态环境的影响及法律对策

中国入世三年农产品进出口结构发生变化,耕地等资源密集型农产品进口增加,使我国农业耕地压力减小;劳动密集型农产品生产出口增加造成的点源污染将有所增加;外来物种入侵和非本土动植物病害传播危险增大。为此要加快农业环境保护法规的建设步伐,健全法律体系,加强农业环境相关标准的制定,规定对一些农作物实行农药、化肥限额使用制度;对畜禽废气、废弃物规定排放定额和资源开发配额管理制度,完善和严格执行检验检疫法律制度,防范和控制有害生物的传播和蔓延,以法律的形式鼓励“洁净型”高效农业技术与产品创新。     

Criminalistic identification of PGM-containing products of mining and metallurgical companies

In early 1990 s some organized criminal groups started to develop a new field of illegal business, which involved thefts of intermediary products from mining and metal-producing plants in Russia and in the south of Africa. Since local sulfide copper/nickel ores contain certain concentrations of precious and platinum group metals (PGMs), the intermediary products recovered at different stages of metallurgical transformation of these ores are materials of high commercial value. Illicit transportation and refining of these materials in Western Europe and North America has evolved into a large-scale business, where a lot of unlawful revenues are being laundered. The most important tasks in combating this organized crime are as follows: to establish the facts when some PGM-containing semi-products had been received at certain refineries; to carry out the identification of these semi-products; and to prove that these semi-products had been produced by a certain company. As a rule, it is not difficult to establish the identity of a "clean product". However, when a material is a mix of several semi-products or a mix of some semi-product with masking substances, the identification of individual components becomes an extremely complicated task. The purpose of developing the "complex procedure for establishing the nature and source of origin of precious metal-bearing products of mining and metallurgical operations" was to make possible the identification of complex mixes comprised of various metallurgical semi-products. In the complex procedure that we have developed to characterize dispersed materials, distribution of particles by their elemental composition (the so-called "pseudophase" composition) was used instead of mineralogical composition. To determine the "pseudophase" composition by the method of scanning electron microscopy with X-ray spectral microanalysis (SEM-EDX), a representative sample of material containing not less than 1000 particles was analyzed. All microparticles can be divided into several types. Each type is characterized by an association of chemical elements contained. The first stage includes the study of elemental composition by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry; and the study of phase composition by X-ray diffractometry. The results of each study are compared with data in the Data Base. In case of coincidence with one of the products with respect to all diagnostic features, the type of product and its source of origin are defined accordingly. If the features of the sample under analysis detected by the aforementioned methods do not coincide with any of the product types represented in Data Base, it is necessary to examine elemental composition and morphology of separate particle contained in the substance using SEM-EDX. If some particles characterized by features coinciding with features of particles belonging to any product or products from Data Base are found, this product or a mixture of products is assumed to be present in the composition of the substance under analysis. The assumption that the substance is a mixture can be verified by juxtaposing all previously determined features of the analyzed sample with the features of the pattern mixture (superposition) of the appropriate types of products represented in Data Base. Depending on the results of this verification the corresponding conclusion can be made.     

Design and Crime: Proofing Electronic Products and Services against Theft

This paper introduces the work of Project Marc (an EU-funded project to develop mechanisms for assessing the risk of crime) and discusses both difficulties encountered throughout the project and progress made since the project ended. The authors introduce the papers contained within this special edition and summarise their relevance to crime-proofing. The paper discusses progress made within this field in the decade prior to Project Marc and makes recommendations to ensure that the ideas move forward.

论医疗产品损害责任

医疗机构在医疗过程中使用有缺陷的药品、消毒药剂、医疗器械以及血液及血液制品等医疗产品,因此造成患者人身损害,医疗机构或者医疗产品生产者、销售者应当承担的医疗损害赔偿责任属医疗产品损害责任。这种医疗产品损害责任适用无过失责任原则,适用《产品质量法》规定的产品侵权责任的一般规则,其基本责任形态是不真正连带责任,在特殊情形下构成连带责任。     

准公共产品与非营利组织刍议

准公共产品是一种共享性与排他性、非对抗性与竞争性并存的混合产品,越来越受到各国的重视。非营利组织的出现是时代发展的必然需求,它以追求公共利益最大化为目标,以社会公益或公益服务为宗旨,提供的产品是准公共产品,在市场与政府之间起到了中介作用,并且可以弥补市场失灵和政府失灵造成的危害。因此,大力发展非营利组织是我国经济和社会发展的必然趋势。     

改革开放30年矿业法治的进程及其思考

改革开放30年来，我国矿业法治进程经历了恢复、建立、创新和完善阶段。反思这一进程，虽然我国矿业法治的制度创新推动了矿业生产的发展，但与其他行业以及矿业发达国家相比，我国矿业法治还存在着法律、理论体系不完善等问题，为此，我们要重构矿业理论体系，制定独立的矿业管理法，确立矿业基本原则，从而建立和完善现代矿业制度。     

利益和谐视域下的农产品贸易与环境问题研究

贸易与环境问题已经发展为人类面临的最为紧迫的议题。农产品贸易与环境有着最为密切的联系。而农产品贸易与环境的矛盾在国际社会领域主要表现为发达国家与广大发展中国家之间的冲突和矛盾。为寻求农产品贸易与环境问题的有效解决,我们必须以利益和谐为理论基点,从理念上关注贸易利益和环境利益的和谐、发达国家利益和发展中国家利益的和谐,并从内发与外围整合的双重径路采取有力措施,方能彻底地化解农产品贸易与环境问题,促进整个国际社会的和谐发展。