建设综合强大的广播电视监管平台浅析

建设综合强大的广播电视监管平台,具有重要的作用和现实的意义,同时也是我国广播电视生产力发展水平的客观现实和要求。应建立类别清晰、内容广泛、技术先进的广播电视综合监测系统,为依法科学管理广播电视奠定坚实的基础。     

我国现行监护制度的缺陷及完善

监护制度是一项重要的民事法律制度,但我国现行的监护制度存在着一定的缺陷和不足,文中针对这些问题提出了一些完善的建议。     

How to Win Elections and Influence People

Abstract

In recent years electoral politics worldwide have become more firmly based on professional advice and labor. In developing democracies, the influx of advice and consultants from the West initially resulted in an “Americanization” of electoral techniques. As electoral systems have developed, the political consulting market in each country has evolved down a route more suited to the specifics of its electoral conditions. The present paper examines the development of political consulting in post-communist Russia. It places the electoral market in comparative context, looking at the scope, structure and activities of political consulting firms, and examining some of the controversies arising from the professionalization of politics in the country.     

社会治安情报监控浅析

社会治安情报监控是开放性社会环境下，公安机关全面、准确、及时掌握社会动态和治安状况，预防、发现、精确打击违法犯罪活动，维护社会治安稳定的重要手段。它通过收集和分析有关重点人员、重要场所等方面的情报信息，实现对监控对象自动发现、自动预警、轨迹跟踪、动态管控的目标。其工作流程，既是对监控对象实施“排查-监视-处置”的过程，也是情报信息“规划-收集-研判-反馈”的循环过程。吸毒人员动态管控是社会治安情报监控的具体实例，做好吸毒人员信息的采集、审核、维护及应用，是吸毒人员动态管控机制正常运行的根本保障。     

Social networks and mass media as mobilizers and demobilizers: A study of turnout at a German local election

This paper explores the impact of informal communication in voters’ social networks and the formal communication of the mass media on individuals’ propensity to take part in elections. Analyzing survey data from a recent local election in Germany it shows how both forms of communication may not only mobilize, but also demobilize voters. On the whole, personal communication appears more influential than mass communication. The media’s effects are generally weaker than those of social networks. Moreover, they are mediated by attitudes, while social networks have strong direct effects. These originate mainly from information conveyed through personal contact with voters and abstainers in one’s immediate social environment. Social voting norms are only influential, if they originate from persons’ families and are in favor of electoral participation.     

The power of proximity: A concept of political party strategies applied to Burkina Faso

Recent publications suggest that exclusively ethno-regional parties are as rare in sub-Saharan Africa as elsewhere. At the same time, the idea that ethnicity is a very special feature of African party politics persists. This article acknowledges the general relevance of ethnicity in party competition but emphasises the level at which it becomes important. It develops a micro-behavioural approach that pays particular attention to the strategic choices of party elites in order to supplement the dominant structuralist thinking in party research on Africa. An in-depth evaluation of detailed election data from Burkina Faso shows strategies that rely on personal proximity between the voter and the candidates influence the parties' success to a great extent. Parties maximise their chances of winning seats if they concentrate their limited resources on the home localities of leading party members. Hence, African party politics are less dependent on ethnic demography than is often implied but more open to change through elite behaviour.     

Separation and Detection of Smokeless Powder Additives by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS),

A reversed phase gradient ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) method has been developed for the analysis of smokeless powders. A total of 20 different components were separated by UPLC and detected by MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. These compounds included diphenylamines, centralites, nitrotoluenes, nitroglycerin, and various phthalates. Simultaneous positive and negative electrospray ionization (ESI) was used along with negative atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) to detect all compounds in a single analysis. Analysis times were under 8 min with a gradient of 10–73% organic at a flow rate of 0.500 mL/min. With this method, ultraviolet and MRM limits of detection ranging from 0.08 to 2.6 ng and 0.4–64 ng injected were achieved. Commercially available smokeless powders were also extracted with methylene chloride and characterized using the developed UPLC/MS/MS method. The procedure permits the determination of compositional differences between different brands as well as lot‐to‐lot variations.     

INDONESIA’S 2019 ELECTIONS: A FRACTURED DEMOCRACY?

In April 2019, Indonesia carried out simultaneous presidential and legislative elections. With an estimated 192 million voters acceding to 800,000 polling stations, this was the world's largest direct presidential election. Barring some dispersed claims of irregularities, the mammoth task of electing public representatives at the national as well as provincial and local levels was successfully carried out. Indonesia's voters had to decide on the 575 members of the national parliament, as well as some 20,000 seats in the country's many provincial and local legislatures, including 2,207 provincial level MPs from 34 provinces and 17,610 local councillors from more than 500 local authorities. Voter turn-out was an estimated 81.9 percent, the highest yet since Indonesia's transition to full democracy. Thus, at first blush, this electoral exercise can be seen as a logistical and political achievement, and an addition to Indonesia's track record of successfully-held elections. Yet, despite its technical proficiency and solid participation, the 2019 polls highlight pervasive societal and geographic fault-lines and raise questions about the strength of Indonesia's democratic institutions.

In order to analyse the importance of these elections, this article is comprised of six parts. Following this introduction, the second section briefly discusses the salient aspects of Jokowi's first administration. The subsequent part sets out the run-up to the presidential campaign, paying particular importance to changes in ‘rules of the game’ that altered the structural dynamics of the elections. The fourth section compares and contrasts the campaigns of the two opposing coalitions and the fifth analyses the electoral results. The final section concludes by discussing the denouement of the elections before looking forward.     

新形势下刑事模拟画像技术的应用

模拟画像能把被模拟者的形象清晰描绘出来,而且更易唤起人们的回忆。在案件调查、摸排、堵截等侦破工作中,模拟画像具有其他技术不可替代的作用。随着视频监控系统的建立完善、火车票实名制的全面实行以及多种刑侦手段的进步,刑事模拟画像技术在新形势下焕发出勃勃生机。作为一种刑案侦查中查获嫌疑人的有效方法和技术手段,模拟画像技术定能发挥出越来越大的效能。     

我国监听制度立法不足及其完善

监听作为技术侦查手段之一,为弥补传统侦查手段不足,有效打击犯罪发挥了巨大的作用。但由于监听本身固有的隐密性、强制性,加之我国有关监听的专门法律规范几近空白,使得这一有力武器在打击犯罪的同时又极易造成相对人合法权益的侵犯。因此,我国应当借鉴国外立法及经验,对监听进行立法,使之有效运转,以达到保障公民权利和打击犯罪两种价值的平衡。