社会工作研究的本土化:实践、反思与启示

社会工作研究的本土化是社会工作本土化的重要组成部分。在总结西方社会工作知识体系基础上建立起来的“理念-伦理-人类多元化-理论架构-研究方法”分析框架,对于反思本土化的大陆社会工作研究和实践有重要作用,应当予以关注。     

获利与归属:我国企业职工的持股心理

职工持股是企业职工通过拥有企业的股票 ,以劳动者和所有者的双重身份参与企业生产经营管理的一种制度。普通职工持股的心理是混杂着“投资人”的理性与社会人的情感要素的。理性的效益 ,使职工能时时关心企业的兴衰 ,始终注意为企业出谋划策 ;情感基础上建立的归属依赖关系 ,则会起着凝聚起职工的作用。它使职工对企业的归属、参与和责任有了可靠的物质基础和切入点 ,普通职工持股制度的设计与实施 ,必须对其实质及其适应性有充分的认识 ,并寻求能与其结合的具有内在性的制度依据     

Developmental Differences in Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Use of Mothers, Fathers, Best Friends, and Romantic Partners to Fulfill Attachment Needs

Adolescents and young adults (three age groups: 12–15, 16–19, and 20–28 years) reported their use of parents, and peers to fulfill attachment functions (proximity-seeking, safe haven, and secure base.) The use of each target figure varied with age and attachment function. Mothers were an important source of security across this age range. They were used as secure base consistently more than fathers or peers for all age groups, and regardless of whether or not participants had romantic partners; but were used less for proximity and safe haven by the two older groups. Best friends were used most and more than others as a safe haven; but were used less by young adults (vs. early adolescents) and by older adolescents with romantic partners. Romantic partners were used most and more than others for proximity; but were used less by early adolescents than by older participants. Fathers were selected less than other targets for all attachment functions. Those with romantic partners turned to them more than to others, and young adults selected their romantic partners as much as friends for safe haven. Those insecurely attached to mother turned to her less and to romantic partners more than did those securely attached. Implications for developmental changes in adolescent attachments are discussed. Professor of Psychology and Applied Human Sciences, Concordia University. Received PhD in social psychology from Ohio State University. Research interests include close interpersonal relationships and adjustment. Received MA in social/developmental psychology from Wilfrid Laurier University. Research interests include attachment and well-being in adolescence Received PhD in developmental psychology from Stanford University. Research interests include parenting, attachment, and adjustment in adolescence Received BA in Psychology (Honors) from Concordia University. Research interests include romantic relationships in adolescence     

关于流浪儿童的需求及其服务模式的评估报告——对北京市未成年人救助保护中心志愿服务的评估分析

评估表明,流浪儿童在救助中心的需求是多方面的,除了吃住等需求外,他们还有心理健康需求、受教育的需求、回归与发展的需求。专业社工志愿者的介入提升了救助中心的整体服务品质,流浪儿童的心理状况得到改善,不良行为与习惯明显减少。今后应进一步完善评估体系,加强评估工作的理论建设,推动未成年人救助保护工作的制度性创新。     

降低农村治安成本的思考

改革开放后 ,农村群体性事件逐年增加 ,政府的治安成本大幅度提高 ,而群体性事件的诱发因素与乡村地痞、宗族群体、宗教势力这三种社会力量的推波助澜紧密相关。要降低农村治安成本 ,除应加强对乡村“黑白合流型”恶势力的打击 ,摧毁其“保护伞”外 ,还应更新对宗族、宗教势力的观念 ,在团结教育的基础上 ,在坚持四项基本原则的前提下 ,规范管理 ,允许其处理族内、教内事务 ,在礼仪层面发展。这样不仅可以大大减轻治安工作量 ,避免政府与乡民间的正面冲突 ,还有可能减少宗族间械斗及法轮功等邪教的生存空间 ,从而降低农村的治安成本     

The viability of the welfare state in Botswana

ABSTRACT

Vulnerability, mainly manifesting in poverty, economic risk and insecurities of life, is a universal problem. There are huge pockets of vulnerability in the developing world, particularly Sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan African states provide social welfare goods to address vulnerability. Social welfare programmes cost money, hence, there is a need to consider issues of sustainability, particularly, given constrained revenue envelopes. Similarly, while Botswana has posted developmental successes, there are vulnerabilities such as poverty, unemployment and income inequality which demand intervention through welfare programmes. Thus, the objective of this desktop study was to discuss the state's response to vulnerability. It concluded that Botswana funds welfare programmes. However, there are affordability challenges, mainly, a constrained post-2007 fiscal space calls into question the viability of the welfare state. The general lesson from the case is that while the welfare state goes to the heart of the social contract, its viability must be guaranteed through reforms.     

大学生消费状况调查报告——以兰州市4所高校为基础的研究

大学生消费是商家、家长和政府普遍关心的问题。通过对兰州市4所高校1082名大学生的抽样调查并分析了大学生消费的整体状况。调查发现,大学生的生活费来源主要依靠家庭提传大学生消费水平不高,处于温饱阶段,伙食费在消费结构中占据主要内容大学生具有一定的理财能力,理性消费是主流。     

Preventing Homelessness for System‐Involved Youth

Too many youth and young adults find themselves on the streets, couch‐surfing with friends, in emergency shelters or worse, after exiting the child welfare and juvenile justice systems. In some circumstances, youth have had court hearings until their exit from the legal system, but those hearings have not focused on long‐range plans of youth and emergencies youth may encounter. In other circumstances, there has been little or no planning prior to discharge, especially for young people who leave the juvenile justice system. Courts can and should prevent, alleviate or end youth homelessness for youth who appear before them through strategies that are enumerated in the recently‐passed NCJFCJ resolution. This article expounds on three of these strategies – coordinating transition and re‐entry plans, insisting on effective legal representation of youth, and utilizing sound judicial leadership. It also describes the concurrent efforts of the Coalition for Juvenile Justice and the American Bar Association's Homeless Youth Legal Network to remove legal barriers and improve outcomes for youth and young adults experiencing homelessness.     

金融危机背景下政府投资法价值取向初探

面对我国政府投资的社会现实,透析复杂自适应性社会系统基础可以发现,政府投资在我国所扮演的角色已远远超出公共物品提供及国民经济发展＂引动水＂的角色。本文探讨了政府投资角色多元与社会多层次效用期待背景下的法律应然价值取向,提出了在公共利益价值取向指引下的可量化价值标准。     

城乡公共服务一体化问题探讨

城乡公共服务一体化是我国经济社会一体化的必然要求,是统筹城乡发展、构建和谐社会的内在需求。文章讨论了公共服务均等化与城乡公共服务一体化的关系,论证了城乡公共服务一体化的现实必要性,同时围绕我国城乡基础设施、公共教育、公共卫生和社会保障等方面公共服务的现状及对策展开了探讨。