Of diet and profit: on the question of subsistence crises in nineteenth-century Iran

This article enquires into the socioeconomic causes of recurrent food scarcity in the nineteenth-century Middle East. Focusing on Iran as a case study, the paper shows that certain categories involved in the production and distribution of grain engaged in profiteering schemes and thereby contributed to the making of food shortage in urban settings. The most important of these groups were the government officials, the landed classes, and the grain merchants. The local bakers were also involved, but they did not have as decisive a role as the other groups. In showing how these categories engaged in market manipulation, the paper contends that food scarcity cannot be explained without a proper understanding of the commercialization of grain and the economic integration of the Middle East in the nineteenth century.     

食品安全犯罪治理与预防的可能建构

在司法机关打击食品安全犯罪的实践中,发现还存在诸多问题,有些是立法技术层面的,有些则是司法实践与立法本身要求的差距使然。要从根本上解决此类问题,除了提升立法水平,还应加强食品安全行政主管单位与司法机关的有效沟通,强化司法机关的监督职能。     

食源性食品安全的法律保障——以病害宠物管理为视角

食品安全问题关乎民生大计,在我国渐已得到重视。然而,由于立法缺位、监管不力,不少人受到利益驱使,制造了多起食品安全事故。继食品安全问题频频爆发之后,病害宠物流向百姓餐桌这一事实也得以曝光。鉴于此,文章以预防为主,着眼管理,强调控制,首先从界定病害宠物的概念入手,进而探讨可作为宠物饲养的动物可否食用,然后分析宠物不可食用的理论基础并剖析病害宠物被食用的现状及原因,最后对禁绝病害宠物被食用的对策进行探讨及阐述。以期探索到杜绝病害宠物被食用这一难题的根本办法。     

良田建设：打造中国经济升级版的坚实基础

改革开放以来，高速的工业化城镇化进程中，大量优质耕地被占用，严重威胁国家粮食安全。推进良田建设、提升耕地质量，成为确保国家粮食安全和推动发展方式转型的必然要求，不仅关乎中国的农业现代化，也是打造中国经济升级版、推进新型城镇化的必由之路。该文以此角度切入，分析良田建设的重要性并提出相关政策建议。     

Power and dispossession in the neoliberal food regime: oil palm expansion in Guatemala

ABSTRACT

Guatemala’s palm oil production has surged in line with the global demand for biodiesel and vegetable oil production. While corporate land grabs have been a popular concept in agrarian studies, we emphasize the integral roles of the state and racially-charged political power relations, enhanced by the neoliberal food regime. These power relations, with racism at their core, foster land control grabs occurring alongside the rise of the palm oil industry. Their effects extend beyond merely the dispossession of land. The oil palm expansion and related dispossessions mostly benefit the international markets and the wealthy ruling class comprised of creole descendants and affluent ladinos. The soaring industry has given rise to human rights violations and a lack of access to or control of various resources, such as food and water. Based on fieldwork, we show that dispossessed Guatemalans, especially the indigenous, experience rising poverty, domestic food shortages and an influx of foreign foodstuffs as the meagrely paid work in the oil palm sector is only available for the few.     

企业对食品安全的组织化保障义务

企业依法对食品安全负有组织化保障的义务。食品安全管理员就是这种特定的组织之一。食品安全管理员的资格取得、与企业乃至国家之间的关系、安全管理的职责和地位,是组织化安全管理制度的重要内容。在制度设计时,国家应在确保食品安全的同时,既在一定程度上保证食品安全管理员的管理和建议得到尊重,另一方面也要维护企业的经营自由。     

浅论危害食品安全犯罪的刑法规制

《刑法修正案（八）》基于《中华人民共和国食品安全法》（以下简称为《食品安全法》）已取代《中华人民共和国食品卫生法》和民众急盼用严刑峻法惩治食品安全事故的民意，对危害食品安全犯罪做出积极的法律修改。     

Social change and social conflict in nineteenth century England: A comment

This article addresses the potential for food movements to bring about substantive changes to the current global food system. After describing the current corporate food regime, we apply Karl Polanyi's ‘double-movement’ thesis on capitalism to explain the regime's trends of neoliberalism and reform. Using the global food crisis as a point of departure, we introduce a comparative analytical framework for different political and social trends within the corporate food regime and global food movements, characterizing them as ‘Neoliberal’, ‘Reformist’, ‘Progressive’, and ‘Radical’, respectively, and describe each trend based on its discourse, model, and key actors, approach to the food crisis, and key documents. After a discussion of class, political permeability, and tensions within the food movements, we suggest that the current food crisis offers opportunities for strategic alliances between Progressive and Radical trends within the food movement. We conclude that while the food crisis has brought a retrenchment of neoliberalization and weak calls for reform, the worldwide growth of food movements directly and indirectly challenge the legitimacy and hegemony of the corporate food regime. Regime change will require sustained pressure from a strong global food movement, built on durable alliances between Progressive and Radical trends.     

Comparison and adoption： Food recall system in China

Since the official implementation of Food Safety Law of PRC on June 1, 2009, it has played a crucial role in solving problems regarding food safety currently, eliminating food safety damages, elevating food quality, maintaining consumers＇ health. Based on analyzing and encapsulating the status quo of food recall system in some developed countries, integrated with Chinese realities, this paper discusses the existing shortcomings and disadvantages of China＇s present food recall system, and provides suggestions.     

食品药品安全犯罪刑法规制的三维模式——以“毒胶囊”事件为起点

食品药品安全的刑法规制正在形成以风险控制为中心的三维立体模式并可进一步加以完善。法益保护的前置化着重于一般预防,主要是抽象危险犯的设置;资格刑的配置着重于特殊预防,从立法完善的角度,可增设禁止从事一定职业的资格刑;对监管责任的强调和特别规定,则旨在从制度上堵塞漏洞,及时发现和查处相关违法犯罪行为,控制犯罪风险。