CRITICAL THINKING ABOUT THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE IN CHINA’S FOOD SAFETY LAW

We are living in a risk society where people devised the Precautionary Principle in order to minimize the harm caused by risk ex ante. Compared to the previous Food Hygiene Law (FHL) and the 2009 Food Safety Law, the 2015 revised Chinese Food Safety Law (FSL) made a real breakthrough in the sense that it legitimates an important principle in food safety governance. Apart from laying down the fundamental importance of this principle in food safety regulations, the FSL 2015 also invented arrangements from different aspects in order to implement this principle. In other words, the FSL 2015’s incorporation of the Precautionary Principle in a very real sense marked a transition from a demonstrative preventive food safety management regime to a more effective precautionary regime. However, the Precautionary Principle needs to be adopted in a “precautionary” way since this principle has its own limitations and defects. Incautious application of the principle may create new risks. This article compares the European approach in implementing the Precautionary Principle, and examines China’s legal arrangements against negative impacts brought by the Precautionary Principle. Three perspectives are discussed: independence of scientific institutes; proportionality in risk management measures, and the shift of burden of proof for market authorization.     

图们江地区内域经济关系的量化分析

根据图们江地区内域经济关系的量化指标,该地区各国为互助型内域经济关系。因此,在建立图们江地区绿色食品基地这一决策上,应以延吉为龙头,协手该区域各县市依次产生互补,准确定位、合理分工,为与朝俄等邻国形成绿色食品生产基地链做好准备。     

多元发展：东亚文化在全球化时代更生的一个途径——以日本饮食文化在近代的嬗变为例

日本饮食文化在近代嬗变的意义如果仅仅在于今天日本人的餐桌上除了传统的和食之外还有西洋料理、中国料理和韩国料理以及其他各国料理可供选择的话,我们就难以讨论多元发展是东亚文化在全球化时代获得更生的重要途径这样一个话题。事实上,＂和洋中＂在今天的日本绝对不是一个彼此截然分离、各自独树一帜的格局。在更多的场合,这3种元素或更为多元的因子已经互相叠合交融,在一个世纪的历史过程中演变成为一种新型的日本饮食文化,就像日本文化的整体一样,它在近代全球化的大势和剧烈的社会转型中,主动汲取了各种外来的因子来充实原本的内涵,拓展既有的外延,从而得到了新的更生发展。     

与食品安全相关的绿色壁垒法律问题研究

国际贸易和食品安全是相互影响和相互制约的关系,绿色壁垒形成的根本原因在于一些国家为了保护本国经济利益,限制外国产品进入本国市场,确保本国产品在国内市场的占有份额。它具有形式上的合法性、实施上的歧视性等特征。WTO对＂绿色壁垒＂问题进行了相关法律规制,但是也存在很多问题;针对绿色壁垒对我国食品进出口的影响,我国应当从善用WTO规则、完善国内法律法规、大力发展绿色产品出口以及加强自主产权转基因食品的研究等方面予以积极应对。     

全球视野下的"粮食安全"问题

人口增长与经济快速发展,自然灾害频发与投机资本炒作,粮食安全问题成为世界关注问题。中国作为人口大国和快速发展国家,粮食安全问题受到世界关注,保障粮食安全已经成为中国政府的国家发展战略。世界粮食安全问题,不只是吃饭问题,而是国家生存问题,粮食已经成为战略资源。     

论法律的限度——以食品安全问题的法律规制为视角

目前,食品安全问题在全球引发的危机引起了各国政府以及全世界人民的关注,不论其食品安全监督管理体系是否完善,似乎都存在发生食品安全问题的危险。人们习惯于将普遍性的对某类正当权利的不断侵害归咎于该时期的法律不健全,寄望于通过完善法律体系杜绝侵害行为的发生。但是,法律的作用只限于在适当的范围内影响违法犯罪行为由最低值向最高值发展,即使是法治社会,法律也不是唯一有效的维护国家、社会、公民合法权益的途径,法律的限度随时存在。事实上,任何增加利益相关者幸福的手段都可以纵容或抑制某种行为的发生概率,只在于我们是否知道如何正确使用他们。     

食品质量与安全专业人才培养模式探讨——“四维一体”应用型复合人才培养模式创新实验基地的构建

基于"地方性"、"应用型"人才培养定位和"注重学理,亲近业界"的人才培养理念,紧密围绕地方经济建设和社会需求,结合专业特点,探索建立食品质量与安全专业"四维一体"人才培养新模式。即"分类定向、学工融通、资源整合、开放管理"为四维,"理工管结合"为一体的复合型人才培养模式。培养食品行业急需的"精食品、强检验、善管理"的应用型复合人才,以服务于长三角经济建设。     

Autopsy Findings in Botulinum Toxin Poisoning

Abstract: In the United States, foodborne botulism is most commonly associated with home‐canned food products. Between 1950 and 2005, 405 separate outbreaks of botulism were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Approximately 8% of these outbreaks were attributed to commercially produced canned food products. Overall, 5–10% of persons ingesting botulinum toxin die. Few reports exist pertaining to autopsy findings in cases of foodborne botulism. Here, we report the autopsy findings of a man who died after a prolonged illness caused by botulinum toxin exposure likely attributable to a commercially prepared food source. Despite extensive testing, our histopathologic findings were nonspecific. We therefore conclude that the forensic pathologist must become familiar with the neurotoxicity syndrome associated with this illness. Maintaining vigilance for botulism by carefully reviewing the decedent’s clinical history will aid in the early identification and control of outbreaks, either foodborne or terrorism‐related.