成效、问题及对策：山东省两县市“多村一社区”的社区服务体系建设的调查

该文分析了通过撤村建社区,在中心村设立社区服务中心,构建起政府性公共服务体系、社区自我服务体系与市场化服务体系有机结合的农村社区服务体系的成效,即政府性公共服务中有的服务项目规范化、专业化程度较高,村民满意度比较高;社区与企业合作提供的便民利民服务的供给比较充分。但是,也存在诸如县域间社区服务中心的建设力度差距较大、社区村（居）民自我服务匮乏、中心村与非中心村服务资源获得存在较大差距等问题。为此建议,通过强化各级政府财政转移支付,促进社区基础公共服务设施均等化配置;持续推进村（居）民自治与社区参与,促进“多村一社区”建设与村（居）民自治二者间的协调发展;加强非中心村的服务站点建设,缩小社区服务资源获得方面的差异等途径以促进“多村一社区”的社区服务体系建设。     

Science governance and the politics of proper talk: governmental bioethics as a new technology of reflexive government

Abstract

The article examines the emergence of governmental bioethics in Great Britain, France and Germany, i.e. bodies, discourses and procedures meant to guide policy-making in terms of ethical considerations. It argues that governmental bioethics, marked by openness, transparency and participation, can be understood as a form of reflexive government in the realm of science governance. It grew out of the problematization of older forms of science governance based on ideas of effectiveness, scientific expertise and system stability, and operates through structuring and managing proper talk rather than intervening in processes of techno-scientific development. Yet, rather than challenging the commitment to techno-scientific ‘progress’, it stabilizes it through mechanisms of inclusion, involvement and mobilization: within the framework of proper ethical talk, participation can be employed to pursue rather than oppose system stability.     

The Structural Limits of Depoliticisation in Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT

Sri Lanka’s institutional reform project has gathered momentum with the enactment of the Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The Amendment restored the Constitutional Council, which is mandated to recommend and approve appointments to key ‘independent’ institutions and offices. This article asks what it means to be meaningfully ‘depoliticised’, and explores the dynamics and parameters of the current institutional reform project in Sri Lanka. It argues that the entrenchment of Sinhala-Buddhist majoritarianism within Sri Lanka’s institutional structures has led to ‘institutional decay’. Given such decay, the article points to serious limitations in legalistic approaches that are preoccupied with improving appointment procedures. Since institutions in Sri Lanka are structurally incentivized to appease a majoritarian agenda, relying on legal-textual and institutional reform alone is inadequate. Institutional reform is ultimately constrained by the structural limits of Sri Lanka’s current constitutional framework. The article concludes that meaningful constitutional transformation requires a long-term project that aims to transform the majoritarian socio-political and cultural norms that underpin Sri Lanka’s constitutional order.     

Introduction: The OECD and Policy Transfer: Comparative Case Studies

Abstract

The six articles in this issue examine the role of the OECD in policy transfer. Two articles (Kudrle on international tax agreements, and Legrand and Vas on Australia’s vocational and educational training policy) conclude that the OECD has been influential, albeit in a grinding and lengthy way. Two others (Clifton on the OECD’s “enhanced engagement” policy with five G-20 countries, and Eccleston and Woodward on tax transparency) find the OECD’s influence either patchier or even dysfunctional. Carroll’s article provides a novel analysis of policy transfer through accession processes, while Alasuutari explores transfer in terms of a comparative analysis of policy rationalizations that refer to the OECD as a “standard.” A common theme of all six articles is the way in which policy transfer is driven by exogenous pressures and crises, and how international governmental organizations like the OECD exploit these pressures to protect and expand their global relevance.     

论政府信息公开诉讼中的证明责任

政府信息公开诉讼与普通行政诉讼在证明责任上存在重要差别,现有的行政诉讼证明责任分配规则不足以完全解决其中的问题。其中,认定政府信息属于国家秘密的证明责任,依申请公开中关于申请条件的证明责任,信息不存在的证明责任,以数据电文形式提出申请的证明责任,都需要在现有证明规则的基础上进一步明确。     

俄联邦行政法基本理论中的几个问题

伴随着俄罗斯正在进行的经济体制和政治体制改革,俄罗斯的法律领域也发生了深刻的变化,其中行政法律制度的变革最为显著,这在俄罗斯的行政法学界也存在相应的反馈。俄罗斯的行政法学者开始注重对行政法学中的一些基本理论问题展开研究,以执行权为中心重新界定行政法的概念:将行政法作为一个独立的部门法强调其与其他部门法带有共性的调整手段;行政法的作用主要在于限制政府权力,保障公民权利。伴随着行政法学研究的深入和行政立法的急剧发展,应当尝试重新构建俄罗斯行政法学的体系结构,以顺应世界各国行政法学发展的总体趋势。     

加入WTO对中国行政法制的挑战与改革

本文深入地论证了加入WTO对中国政府现行的行政管理机制所产生的巨大而深刻的影响。认为加入WTO不仅仅是个经济问题 ,而且也是一个政治的和法律的问题 ,从一定意义上讲 ,更是一个政府加入WTO及其政府管理的行政法制问题。文章在系统分析了当代中国政府管理的行政法制面临WTO规则所提出的严峻挑战的基础上 ,从五个方面提出了改革和完善中国政府的行政法制的相应对策。     

论我国法治文明的两个重要范畴

各国基于历史条件和法律文化的差异,在法治文明进程中,不同历史阶段的中心任务是有所不同的。就当代中国而言,对公权力的有效制约和对社会弱势群体的经济社会权利的有效保障,是现阶段法治文明与和谐社会建设进程中的两个重要范畴。该两项要务的法治化和常态性的强力构建,很大程度上将成为21世纪中国法治建设和社会文明进程中的题中要义和执政党兴国安邦,福祉社稷,建设和谐社会与平安中国历程中的重中之重。     

公安电子政务若干问题探讨

当前 ,推行电子政务将成为我国公安机关警务改革的必然趋势。但公安机关在推行电子政务过程中却存在着认识不足 ,物质投入不足 ,人力资源不足 ,发展不平衡 ,缺乏相应的管理制度和经验 ,内容单调且更新不及时 ,资源开发利用程度不高 ,信息安全缺乏充分保障 ,实际应用不广 ,缺乏配套培训机制等问题。解决上述问题的途径是 :广泛宣传、提高认识 ;创造多渠道的投资体系 ;培养和引进高水平人才 ;加强管理 ,探索良性运行机制 ;搞好信息资源的综合开发和利用。