What Friends are for: The Relationships Between Body Image, Substance Use, and Peer Influence Among Finnish Adolescents

The study investigated the relationships between substance use, body image, and peer influence among Finnish adolescents. The participants (N=488, 240 boys and 248 girls), were eighth-grade high school students. The data were gathered using a questionnaire. In addition to background information, the study covered risk behaviors frequency, body satisfaction, and peer relationships. The results indicated that the levels of body satisfaction among the adolescent girls studied were lower than those among the adolescent boys. It was found that the girls engaged in more discussion with peers than the boys concerning both intimate and general matters. Moreover, having an intimate relationship with one's peers was associated with a greater tendency to drink purely in order to get drunk. However, a slightly more distant relationship with friends was associated with a greater risk for smoking. In general, dissatisfaction with one's physical appearance seemed to relate to substance use. By highlighting the relationships between adolescents’ body image, substance use, and peer influence the study gives pointers for further research, and may be suggestive in terms of the kinds of social policies that ought to be pursued in the future.MA (Educational Sciences) from the University of Turku. Research interests include substance use and the life processes of adolescents.Docent (Educational Sciences), PhD from the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.     

Individual and Sociocultural Influences on Pre-Adolescent Girls’ Appearance Schemas and Body Dissatisfaction

Appearance schemas, a suggested cognitive component of body image, have been associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescent and adult samples. This study examined girls’ weight status (BMI), depression, and parent, sibling, peer, and media influences as predictors of appearance schemas in 173 pre-adolescent girls. Hierarchical regression results indicated that appearance schemas scores were associated with girls’ level of depression, perceptions of parental influence on weight concerns, appearance related interactions with other girls, and awareness of media messages; perceptions of sibling influence on weight concerns and BMI were not independent predictors. In addition, appearance schemas were associated with girls’ level of body dissatisfaction. One implication of these findings is for prevention programs to focus on reducing the importance and value that girls place on appearance by targeting social influences, particularly parental influence, in order to reduce risk for adolescent body dissatisfaction and related risk behaviors.Doctoral candidate in Human Development and Family Studies at the Pennsylvania State University. Her research interests are the development of disordered eating and body dissatisfaction from middle childhood through adolescence.Distinguished professor of Human Development and Family Studies at the Pennsylvania State University. Her research interests are child and adolescent eating behavior.     

互联网时代的梦魇--网络对青少年犯罪倾向的影响

互联网像滚滚而来的钱江潮一样,在短短十几年之内全方位地冲击着我们的生活。人们通过网络快捷地获取知识,体味迥然不同的生活方式。网络带给人们绚丽多姿生活的同时,网络犯罪犹如洪水猛兽,给我们的青少年带来难以置信的不良影响。如何防范与对付,将是我们青少年工作研究的重大课题。互联网;青少年;犯罪影响     

Surety Wives in the House of Lords: Time forSolicitors to `Get Real'?Royal Bank of Scotland plc v. Etridge (No. 2) [2001] 4 All E.R. 449

This note considers the recent House of Lordsdecision in Royal Bank of Scotland plc. v.Etridge (No. 2). It concerns the familiarscenario of a wife jointly mortgaging (orproviding a guarantee for a mortgage of) thefamily home in order to secure financialsupport for a business run by her husband. Ina landmark judgement, Lord Nicholls set out newand specific procedures to be followed bylenders and solicitors who are providingindependent advice, in order to counter anyargument by the wife that the charge should beset aside because her signature on the lender'scharge has been obtained by the undue influenceof her husband. This note considers the impactof the decision upon the parties involved insuch transactions. Special consideration isgiven to the surety wife and her chances ofdefending possession proceedings brought bylenders in the post Etridge era.     

加入WT0对非公有制经济的影响及其发展战略

经济全球化和加入WTO使我国非公有制经济经营运行环境发生巨大的变化。面对加入WTO给我国非公有制经济带来的机遇和挑战 ,我们必须全面地、客观地分析其对我国非公有制经济的影响 ,及时制定发展战略。     

世界能源形势与日本新国家能源战略

为应对世界能源形势的新特点和新变化,日本颁布了以"安全"为核心的新国家能源战略。毋庸置疑,此战略的实施过程、运行路径必将波及影响到比邻而居且同为能源进口、消耗大国的中国。因此,有必要从深层次剖析并解读其战略衍生的触发机制及其内容,并在此基础上,须探讨如何弱化和规避日本新国家能源战略给中国带来的影响。     

论抗战文化及其对中国社会之影响

抗战文化在中国文化史上有着非常重要的意义:一是坚持以团结抗日,救亡图存的爱国精神作为它的发展主流;二是在它的发展过程中诞生了一部具有划时代意义的纲领性文献——《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话;》三是它对中国社会产生了极大的影响。     

斡旋受贿之职务关系刍议

斡旋受贿与普通受贿是并列关系 ,“利用职务上的便利”与“利用本人职权或者地位形成的便利条件”是不同的两个概念。斡旋受贿中的职务关系的判断 ,关键在于认定行为人利用自己的职权、地位对被斡旋人产生了一定的影响 ,从而使后者接受斡旋     

从祖国接受和反思现代性——以日据时期台湾作家的祖国之旅为中心的考察

日据时期台湾作家的祖国之旅不仅增强了他们的民族认同感,而且具有扩大视野,从祖国接受现代文明成分的意义。赖和兄弟从其厦门经验中认知医治国人精神病症的重要性;谢春木对于“现代化”兼具“接受”和“反思”两端,发现中国大陆作为半殖民地,与台湾一样存在着殖民性与现代性的纠葛与悖论。大陆经验使台湾作家更多从五四新文学中吸取营养,促进了台湾新文学的兴起和发展,如周定山与中国现代文学三大主题和鲁迅风格有相当的契合;王白渊在“艺术”和“革命”之间最终选择了后者,而这是诸多中国现代文学作家的共同“宿命”。     

“80后”青少年热衷恐怖灵异类作品现象初探及其对策思考

近年来,恐怖灵异类作品在大学校园日趋盛行,“恐怖灵异文化”已成为“80后”青少年追逐的“另类时尚”,其对“80后”青少年身心健康的影响不容忽视。本文在调查恐怖灵异类作品对“80后”青少年影响的基础上,对该现象成因进行了分析,并初步提出了合理化建议。