高校对大学生网络使用的引导及管理

互联网已成为高校学生获取和交流信息的重要渠道。但网络使用不当已成为引发大学生不良表现的重要原因。而高校对学生上网教育和引导的漠视,更在一定程度上助长了危害的滋生蔓延。高校作为教育的主体,应该积极主动出击,将网络的不良影响降到最低。     

经济全球化与中国政府治理变革

随着经济全球化的迅猛发展,治理和善治问题已经成为摆在中国政府面前的重大现实课题。当代中国政府治理变革的基本目标在于:推进有限政府、法治政府、分权政府和民主政府的制度建设,这四个要素乃是构成政府善治的最重要的制度平台。推动政府治理变革的主要动力来自于:开明政治家的改革取向、市场经济的内在要求、知识分子的理论力量、国际制度的制约力量以及全球竞争的外在压力。     

以制度建设为重点加强党的执政能力建设

以制度建设为重点加强党的执政能力建设,是我们党总结历史经验、吸取历史教训的成果,是新时期党建工作的与时俱进,是历史的选择和时代的要求。新的世纪,我们要以制度建设为重点,改革和完善党的领导体制和工作机制,进一步提高党的执政能力和执政水平。     

读书自学是培养学习型企业的有效途径

21世纪是知识经济的时代,科学技术飞速发展,知识更新速度加快,企业必须适应这一新的特点,把企业培育成为学习型企业,通过学习型企业的建立,提高企业的竞争力和发展能力。把企业培养成为学习型企业,这不仅是知识经济对企业提出的新要求,也是企业追求改革发展的内在要求。     

Linking Experiential and Classroom Education: Lessons Learned from The American University–Amnesty International USA Summer Institute on Human Rights

How can internships and other forms of experiential or service learning be designed to best accomplish academic goals? This article explores the benefits and pitfalls of experiential education by looking at the relevant scholarly literature and at students' and faculty members' experience with the American University–Amnesty International USA Summer Institute on Human Rights. Overall, faculty and students report that internships, when integrated with traditional classroom learning, greatly enhance learning overall. The article suggests strategies for structuring internships to enrich students' learning.     

SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND VIOLENCE: A SUB‐NATIONAL TEST OF INSTITUTIONAL ANOMIE THEORY*

Messner and Rosenfeld's institutional anomie theory is grounded in the assumption that relatively higher crime rates in the United States are due to (1) the overwhelming influence of economic motives and institutions in society, and (2) the subjugation of all other social institutions to cultural economic interests (e.g., the American Dream). Our analysis is designed to extend the limited body of empirical research on this theory in several ways. First, we seek to test the utility of institutional anomie theory for predicting crime rates across aggregate units within the United States (counties). Second, we draw out the theory's emphasis on instrumental crime and suggest that measures of noneconomic social, political, familial, religious, and educational institutions will be particularly relevant for explaining instrumental as opposed to expressive violence. Third, in contrast to prior research, we develop conceptual reasons to expect that these factors will primarily mediate (as opposed to moderate) the relationship between economically motivating pressures and instrumental violence. Our negative binomial regression analyses of data from the Supplementary Homicide Reports and various censuses indicate that the measures of noneconomic institutions perform well in explaining both instrumental and expressive homicides, but that these measures mediate the impact of economic pressures (as measured by the Gini coefficient of family income inequality) to commit instrumental violence most strongly. Further, we find only very limited support for the more popular moderation hypothesis.     

"四情"与高校思想政治工作"三观"教育

新形势下,用什么样的世界观、人生观和价值观来培养什么样的青年大学生和怎样培养今天的青年大学生,日益成为高校思想政治工作的重点和主要对象.应该从当前的世情(世界形势变化)、国情(国内发展状况)、党情(中国共产党执政地位和方式)和社情(当前青年大学生思想行为状况)的角度,做好这项工作.     

Peer pressure and adolescent substance use

Peer influence is regarded as one of the strongest determinants of juvenile delinquency and particularly adolescent substance use. A commonly held view is that social pressure from friends to use drugs and alcohol is a major contributor to substance use. Yet the notion of peer pressure, implied by the association between peer-group associations and drug behavior, is seldom tested empirically. As a crucial test of the group pressure model, this research examines the role of peer pressure in mediating the effect of differential association on individual use. Moreover, few studies examine the nature of the relationship between peers and substance use as it relates to the processes leading toand from use. Drawing on differential association and social learning theories, our research specifies the social processes (socialization, group pressure, social selection, and rationalization) which dictate particular causal pathways leading to and from substance use and then estimates the reciprocal influences among differential association, social pressure from peers, attitudes favorable toward substance use, and individual use. Using the 1977–1979 National Youth Survey panel data, we estimate a covariance structural equation model allowing for correlated measurement error. In the cross-sectional analyses, we find no main effects of overt peer pressure on substance use. Estimation of the reciprocal effects model also reveals that overt peer pressure does not significantly influence substance use and does not mediate the effect of differential association. Instead, the influences of socialization, social selection, and rationalization play significant roles in understanding substance use.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1994 American Society of Criminology meetings in Miami, Florida.     

浅谈英语学习策略训练

发展学生的英语学习策略对培养学生成为一个成功的具有终身学习能力的学习者有着重要意义,这种训练要通过诊断学习策略、选择科学的训练方法来实现,同时需要发展对英语教师学习策略的培训,从而实现发展终身学习能力的目标。