公司合并中债权人保护制度之法问题

公司合并涉及公司实体的变化,公司财产与债务的并归、转移,因而会对公司债权人产生相当的影响,为此,《公司法》专门设立了公司合并中债权人保护制度。债权人范围的确定、债权范围的确定、债权人保护制度的具体内容、债务公司不履行法定义务的法律责任等,是这一制度的关键问题。     

The Italian Democratic Party from Merger to Personalism

Abstract

The Partito Democratico (PD) was born as an original Merger Party on the cusp of the economic crisis in October 2007. The party’s genesis and formative years were critical to the party’s failure to institutionalise around a new common ideology or vision, as a result of the persistence of two party souls which could not find unity. Rather than a genuinely ‘new’ reformist party, the PD resembled an organisational vehicle through which the two former parties could continue their struggle. This weakened the organisational nature of the PD and made it a candidate for takeover by a dominant, personal leader such as Matteo Renzi. He set about establishing a personal party whose existence has in many ways confirmed the failure, if not exhaustion, of the PD’s mission to become the reformist party of the majority.     

刑罚正当性之理论探析

刑罚正当性主要指刑罚存在的根据、合理性。刑罚的正当根据是对人们为什么需要刑罚和刑罚在多大程度上合乎理性这一问题的回答。传统的理论争辩出现在报应主义与功利主义之间,即便并和主义也过于机械与片面。文章主要从有代表性的古典刑事学派与近代刑事学派中关于刑罚正当性的探讨展开,结合分析我国刑罚,阐述了并和主义中存在的对立统一关系。     

论我国海外投资立法缺陷及完善

改革开放以来我国海外直接投资发展速度很快,但我国的海外投资立法明显滞后于海外投资的发展速度和规模,随着我国加入WTO和经济全球化的日益发展,我国海外投资立法存在的缺陷亦日趋显现,影响和制约了我国的海外投资活动。因此,我国海外投资立法的当务之急应是进一步建立和健全我国海外投资法规体系和管理体制,迅速填补调整海外投资各环节的法律空白,完善现有法律的不足。     

“外资有限并购论”与民族经济的保护

在跨国并购大潮下,民族经济面临生存危机,保护民族经济问题日显突出。本在重新界定“民族经济”概念和分析我国民族经济面临风险的基础上,着重提出“外资有限并购论”以及切实可行的保护措施。     

对一交通肇事案判决的评析--兼评法释[200O]33号司法解释

刑事诉讼中大量存在着诉的合并,且从理论上分为不同犯罪主体间的合并和同一犯罪主体间的合并.在司法判断中,应注意司法认知的运用;在判决书内容中,应注意演绎推理的前后一致性.针对司法实践中,对交通事故责任认定书法律性质的不确定性,公安机关依据行政法规所做的责任认定书,在性质上为行政文书.在刑事案件中,公安机关应依法进行现场勘验,制作交通事故成因分析,以取代责任认定书,更不能将责任认定"解释"为犯罪构成要件.在此基础上,"法释[2000]33号"司法解释有研究之处.     

国有企业改革中的外资并购问题研究

外资并购对于我国的国有企业改革具有重要意义,而该措施要发挥应有的作用,必须结合我国国有企业改革的现状,采取切实措施,积极稳妥地推进外资并购国有企业工作。     

利用公司债券开展并购的法律空间

利用公司债券开展并购颇具经济价值,亟待发展,但目前学界对其关注甚少。尽管目前我国债券市场相对不发达,债券参与并购缺乏直接的可操作性的法律规定,但通过分析现有法规仍可发现利用公司债券开展并购的巨大法律空间。在证监会新近确立的“大力发展债券”的政策背景下,利用债券开展并购的法律空间将会不断拓展。     

The survival and termination of party mergers in Europe

Why do constituent parties that participated in a party merger that was intended to be permanent decide to leave the merger to re‐enter party competition separately? To address this question, merger termination is conceptualised in this article as an instance of new party formation, coalition termination and institutionalisation failure. Building on this conceptualisation, three sets of factors are presented that account for which mergers are likely to be terminated by constituent parties and which are not. To test these three sets of hypotheses, a mixed‐methods design is used. First, survival analysis is applied to a new dataset on the performance of mergers in 21 European democracies during the postwar period. The findings support hypotheses derived from a conception of merger termination as new party formation: pre‐ and post‐merger legislative performance significantly affect the probability of merger termination. Furthermore, the institutionalisation of constituent parties helps to sustain mergers if the latter already built trust in pre‐merger cooperation, in line with the conception of merger termination as institutionalisation failure. Two theory‐confirming case studies are then analysed: one case of merger survival and the other of termination. These case studies substantiate the working of the significant variables identified in the large‐N analysis that drove the selection of case studies. They also reveal how mediating factors difficult to capture in large‐N designs help to account for why factors that – theoretically – should have complicated the working of the ‘survival case’, and should have been beneficial to the ‘termination case’, did not generate the expected effects.     

Functioning and Impact of Incentives for Amalgamations in a Federal State: The Swiss Case

In Switzerland, where most amalgamations are voluntary, supportive measures for municipal mergers vary considerably between cantons. This study focuses upon the interests of higher-ranking state levels in amalgamation, the design of incentive systems set by the Swiss cantons, and their influence on the municipalities’ amalgamation activities. Empirical results show that with a higher number of municipalities, the canton sets more incentives for mergers. Also, financial incentives positively influence the municipalities’ merger activities. The data sources include comprehensive surveys of the Swiss municipal secretaries (2009/2010) and of the cantonal administrations (2010).