Drug counselling behind the prison wall: staff responses to collaborative challenges

In the last decade, 13 Drug Counselling Units (DCUs) have been established in Norwegian prisons. These units are to offer prisoners with substance use problems coordinated treatment and rehabilitation so they can better cope with their problems during imprisonment and after release. Key means in achieving these goals are to establish inter-agency collaboration between the prison service and the specialist health services. Psychologists, social workers and prison officers from these institutions are to form an inter-professional team in the collaborative process. This study explores the challenges these occupational groups face when they collaborate within this organizational frame. The results show that the occupational groups experience two of the same types of challenges, but that they respond differently to them. The pattern of responses impacts collaboration, both in positive and negative ways. However, all occupational groups endeavour to maintain a high standard within the institutional framework provided by the Norwegian prison system. This article discusses how the responses of the occupational groups in the collaborative processes in the DCUs are influenced by their affiliation to the DCUs, as well as the system of management and professional logic.     

Challenges and methodological flaws in reporting the global land rush: observations from Tanzania

Since international awareness of a global rush for land has grown from 2008 onward, various databases and reports have attempted to provide an overview of the situation by compiling information on individual land deals. While providing such an overview is challenging owing to the dynamic and untransparent nature of the investments, flawed methods of using and citing data are aggravating that challenge and allowing dissemination of inaccurate information. The consequences are an unnecessarily blurred picture of the land deal situation and thus an inadequate basis for related political decisions or social actions and a misleading starting point for new research projects. In this article we demonstrate some of the flaws in the use of data and their consequences, with examples from fieldwork and literature on Tanzania. The paper illustrates and contributes to the evolving debate on appropriate research methodologies for studying the global land rush.     

WTO贸易政策评审机制: 作用证明价值,挑战尚待回应

WTO贸易政策评审机制在增强各成员方贸易政策的透明度,改善国际贸易环境,减少贸易纠纷等方面发挥了重要的作用。这一机制也面临着一系列挑战,包括成员方数量增加对评审周期的冲击,如何保证发展中国家的利益;区域和双边安排对贸易政策评审机制的冲击,如何加强贸易政策评审,多边谈判和争端解决三大机制的联系和协作等。完善机制的建议包括改变评审周期,对小国进行集体评审,增加评审的人力资源,帮助发展中国家进行能力建设,缩减秘书处报告等。这种评析对我国参与贸易政策评审会有所裨益。     

China's Belt and Road Initiative: at the crossroads of challenges and ambitions

Interpretations of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) mostly agree that it is a policy opening that offers some remedies for China's economic and security challenges, as well as reflects China's increasing regional and global ambitions. This paper argues that the multiple drivers characterizing the BRI result from the multiple identities of China as a developing country struggling with several sources of instability and macroeconomic problems and, simultaneously, a regional and an emerging power, and finally a major global power with significant economic capacity to shape the global economic order. The paper aims to substantiate the entanglement of the defensive and ambitious motivations behind the BRI by examining the background against which the Chinese Communist Party leadership has suggested it. In so doing, it draws on Chinese official policy documents and statistics, speeches from Chinese leaders and existing social–scientific research on the transformation of China's economic and political landscape in recent years.     

面对挑战 民主党派如何更加有效地参政议政

新世纪为中国共产党领导的多党合作制度提出了许多全新的理论课题和更高的实践要求,各民主党派参政议政的内外部环境发生了巨大的变化。面对挑战,各民主党派只有从理论上端正认识、摆正方向,在实践中调整策略、抓住关键,从素质上加强建设、苦练内功,方能在新世纪更加有效地发挥参政议政作用。     

生育新政：高校女教师的挑战与应对

全面二孩生育新政出台既增加了每个家庭的生育选择自由，也让生育主体多出一份生与不生的纠结。针对高校女教师这个生育群体，在描述她们主要生育贡献的基础上，具体探讨她们在二孩生育政策背景下的生育挑战与应对的结果表明，高校女教师的二孩生育其实是一个社会工程，是一种涉及到文化变迁、制度改革、职场和家庭领域男女性别关系调整等多层面、多方位的共建共享过程，所以需要多种社会力量合力的全面释放与支持。     

The United States in a world of rising regional powers: farewell Lilliput,hello Shanghai

Regional powers such as China, India, Russia, and to a lesser degree Brazil and South Africa, now occupy a significant role on the world stage. The United States, while still enjoying superpower status, has taken note. At the same time, the transnational nature of the challenges facing the world will require multilateral and bilateral co-operation perhaps unprecedented in modern history. How will the United States respond to these new requisites within the context of this changed world? While it is too early to assess the Obama administration's foreign policy substantively, it looks to be adopting an approach emphasising the building of consensus and multilateralism in its international engagement. Moreover, there is reason to expect that it will actively seek a more constructive set of relationships with regional powers. United States domestic political constraints may yet hamper Obama in this new approach, as might the type of response the new administration receives from old and new powers to its overtures. Whether the changes are more in tone than substance remains to be seen.     

杭州市老年社会福利机构调查报告

本文分析了影响杭州市老年社会福利机构发展的内外部因素,以及它们面临的外部挑战和内部问题.进而,提出要促进杭州市老年社会福利机构的发展,政府必须明确"社会福利"的功能并调整社会福利社会化政策:而老年社会福利机构自身也应该积极主动应对外部挑战和内部问题.     

ChatGPT介入劳动教育的前景呈现、潜在风险与纾解之策

生成性人工智能 ChatGPT 一经出场，便迅速获得了全球用户的广泛使用和高度认可。该技术在 为人类日常生活和学习教育提供便捷的同时，也存在着诸多问题。智能依赖会弱化劳动观念养成，信息茧房会 淡化劳动理论学习，技术沉溺会简化劳动技能锻炼，规范失控会虚化劳动教育环境。这一系列隐藏在技术背后 的潜在风险必将深刻影响我们的教育领域，尤其是劳动教育领域。对此，需要凭借一种递进逻辑来寻求应对之策， 从而有效纾解 ChatGPT 介入劳动教育导致的潜在风险。这就要加强劳动观念引领，实现对错误劳动观念的精准 纠治；增强劳动理论学习，清理错误理论渗透的存在空间；注重劳动技能锻炼，筑牢抵御体力与脑力退化的身 体防线；优化劳动教育环境，加强对算法伦理监管的刚性约束。     

贵州经济在西部大开发中面临的两大挑战

贵州经济在西部大开发中将面临环境竞争力与产业竞争力两大的挑战。这种挑战源于西部大开发是在我国已初步建立起市场经济体制的条件下、并且是面向整个西部十二省区实施的，是在国内经济已进入需求约束型阶段、并将在加入WTO后加快国内经济全面地融入全球经济一体化的进程中实施的。从总体上看，贵州与全国平均水平和西部周边省区相比较，环境竞争力与产业竞争力较弱，这对贵州的发展将产生巨大的挑战。