我国环境基本法中基本原则的立法探析

环境法基本原则对环境法体系建设和司法实践具有重要的指导作用.我国环境法基本原则是学者在参考和借鉴国际环境法基本原则的基础上,结合我国环境保护立法归纳概括得出的.由于没有较高位阶的立法规定,现行环境法基本原则存在表述不一致、内容不确定、无法充分体现环境法价值理念等缺陷.纵观外国环境基本法大都有环境法基本原则的专门规定.在全球环境法形成的大趋势下,环境法基本原则的内容也呈现出明显的趋同性;而不同的法律文化和环境法治背景又使得各国环境法基本原则立法技术极具个性化.目前,具有我国环境基本法地位的《环境保护法》正面临修改,利用这一契机,在学习和借鉴外国环境法基本原则的基础上通过立法明确我国环境法基本原则是环境基本法修改的重要任务之一.     

Studying New York City’s Crime Decline: Methodological Issues

Methodological issues that must be considered in doing research on the New York City crime drop include the choice of a spatial unit of analysis, the choice of a mathematical representation of the processes responsible for the drop, and the choice of estimators. This paper considers the strengths and weaknesses of a time series analysis of data for New York alone, a panel analysis for the city’s precincts, and a panel analysis for a sample of cities, for studying the drop. The possibilities and limitations of precinct-level data are illustrated with annual precinct data for New York between 1988 and 2001. The paper considers static and dynamic fixed effects panel models estimated in various ways, including difference and systems generalized method of moments. These analyses find no evidence that misdemeanor arrests reduced levels of homicide, robbery, or aggravated assaults. Felony arrests reduced robberies, but only to a modest degree. Most of the decline in these three felonies had other causes.     

新民主主义文化纲领的理论架构和当代价值

新民主主义文化纲领是中国先进文化第一次历史性飞跃成果的理论概括。这个纲领的理论架构包括:文化性质——新民主主义的文化、文化取向——民族的民主的科学的大众的文化、科学方法论——"综合创新"。新民主主义文化纲领不但成功地指导了新民主主义文化革命和文化建设,而且对建设社会主义文化强国也有着十分重要的当代价值。这些价值包括:指导思想的一元化、开放明智的文化心态、政治经济体制改革和文化体制改革的相结合、实事求是原则和文化创新精神、造就文化生力军等等。     

法治信念的危机与法治论者的姿态——法治进入方法论时代的背景考察

中国的法治建设,在起步阶段就遇到一系列理论冲突与现实矛盾,这属于法治进程中正常现象。面对冲突的理论和复杂的社会现实,法律人对法治的信念不能丢失。信念的丢失而引发法治的危机说法多少有点危言耸听,但是,从面死而生的角度看,这会使人们更加理性和正确地看待法治的进程。也许只有在法治论者的苦苦挣扎中,我们才能够深入理解法治的真谛。坚守法治信念是法律人的基本意识形态,是法治理论和法治建设中不可缺少的精神支柱。     

APPLYING CASE STUDY METHODOLOGY TO CHILD CUSTODY EVALUATIONS

The child custody evaluation (CCE) can play a critical role in the resolution of custody disputes in the Family Court. There have been a number of significant methodological advances made in this field by various researchers over the past 20 years. It is timely that a scientifically‐based, integrative, methodological framework be developed within which existing methods might be situated. In this paper, case study methodology is proposed as an appropriate methodological framework for CCEs. The application of this methodology to CCEs is explicated with particular attention being paid to the methodological tasks of data collection and data interpretation. An orienting model is proposed to guide the collection of data, and strategies are described for applying population level research findings to individual cases in the form of risk and resilience models. Finally, coherence, analogy, and making methodology explicit are proposed as evaluation criteria for the CCE process and reports, and suggestions are made about outcome research.     

维和警察英语培训的思考

2008年1月,公安部首次委托地方公安机关即四川省公安厅单独组建警队赴科索沃执行民事维和任务,省公安厅将此警队培训重任委托于四川警察学院。作为参与此次强化集训特殊任务的英语教师,特将此次民事维和警察培训中英语培训工作要求、背景情况等作一简介,并就所进行的维和警察英语培训提出培训思路和培训内容等思考,强调正确的培训思路是维和警察英语培训取得成功的关键;而切合培训目标的培训内容或教材是英语培训取得成功的保障。     

价值衡量的十大进路——对法理学方法论之谜的破解

价值衡量有实证主义、本质主义、相对主义等十大进路,其各有所能亦有所不能,即能从不同的角度对该问题作出不同的解答,但这些解答本身亦存在方法论上的缺陷。因此,在综合各种进路优点的基础上,应以现实法律规制的需要为出发点,予以辩证的、理性的和合目的的取舍。     

马克思社会有机体理论的系统方法论与构建和谐社会之系统工程

马克思社会有机体理论的根本方法论是"新唯物主义"辩证法,但在层次方法论中,系统方法论表现得最为充分。构建和谐社会是一项复杂的系统工程,马克思社会有机体理论的系统方法论是指导和谐社会建设的基础方法。