Does multiple office-holding generate an electoral bonus? Evidence from Belgian national and local elections

Traditionally, scholars have assumed that multiple office-holding (i.e. the combination of a local and national directly elected political mandate) leads to an enhanced electoral performance. Although the prospect of electoral benefits for such a mandate combination seems plausible, it remains unclear whether accumulating a national and local mandate does indeed provide an additional boost compared to holding either one prior to the election. Previous studies have only offered limited support for this assumption. For instance, they have focused exclusively on French national elections. This article, however, scrutinises whether dual mandate-holding pays off individually, for the candidate, as well as collectively, for the list as a whole in both Belgian national and local elections. The results here strongly suggest that cumul des mandats does not yield an additional electoral reward compared to single office-holders, contradicting both theoretical presumptions and normative beliefs.     

Mandibular ramus: an indicator for sex in fragmentary mandible

Mandible is the hardest and most durable bone of the skull exhibiting a high degree of sexual dimorphism. Especially ramus of mandible is subjected to greater stress than any other bone of the skull because of the process of mastication. This study has been performed to establish the osteometric standards for practical use in forensic context over Indian population using mandibular ramus. The sample consists of 116 mandibles of Northern Indian population (M:F; 92:24, mean age 37.4 years), collected from the Department of Forensic Medicine, IMS, BHU, Varanasi. Osteometric informations about five metric parameters (coronoid height, projective height, condylar height, and maximum breadth and minimum breadth of ramus) were taken with sliding calipers. These parameters were subjected to different discriminant function analysis using SPSS 16.0. All parameters showed significant sexual dimorphism (p < 0.001 in all cases) with an overall accuracy of 80.2%, and coronoid height was the single best parameter providing an accuracy of 74.1%.     

Identification of group affinity from cross-sectional contours of the human midfacial skeleton using digital morphometrics and 3D laser scanning technology

Identifying group affinity from human crania is a long-standing problem in forensic and physical anthropology. Many craniofacial differences used in forensic skeletal identification are difficult to quantify, although certain measurements of the midfacial skeleton have shown high predictive value for group classifications. This study presents a new method for analyzing midfacial shape variation between different geographic groups. Three-dimensional laser scan models of 90 crania from three populations were used to obtain cross-sectional midfacial contours defined by three standard craniometric landmarks. Elliptic Fourier transforms of the contours were used to extract Fourier coefficients for statistical analysis. After cross-validation, discriminant functions based on the Fourier coefficients provided an average of 86% correct classifications for crania from the three groups. The high rate of accuracy of this method indicates its usefulness for identifying group affinities among human skeletal remains and demonstrates the advantages of digital 3D model-based analysis in forensic research.     

流动人口犯罪对策研究

随着城市化进程的推进,大量流动人口涌进城市,随之而来的是居高不下的流动人口犯罪,流动人口犯罪成为危及城市社会稳定的重要因素。因此,深刻剖析流动人口犯罪的现状和原因,并提出有针对性的对策成为当务之急。     

社会转型中预防流动人口犯罪问题研究——以喀什地区为例

随着经济的发展,许多城市流动人口逐年增多,相应的流动人口犯罪问题受到了普遍关注。在社会转型中应当有效地防范犯罪,确保社会经济快速健康的发展。在此,针对流入喀什地区的外来人口逐年增多的情况,分析流动人口犯罪的原因,提出预防流动人口犯罪的对策,以期对喀什地区乃至新疆的稳定提供参考。     

运用电子政务推进市县政府集中办公

在能源日益匮乏的今天,建设节约型机关、降低能源消耗、提高政府工作效率,已经成为政府部门亟待解决的问题。电子政务在政府办公自动化、公民服务电子化、行政决策电子化等方面有助于节约政府开支,推进节约型机关建设;而市县政府集中办公可以通过精简和优化机构和人员、缩减财政开支、提升公共服务质量等推进节约型机关建设。因此,发展电子政务和推进市县集中办公是地方政府改革和建设节约型机关的重要方向和途径。     

中西部地区农村女性人口流动:现状、问题与对策

中西部地区农村女性人口流动的动因除了一般意义上的主客观因素外,还有自身的特殊动因:经济发展和工业化、城市化水准的相对落后为中西部地区农村女性人口流动提供了充足的流动资源储备;政策反哺和区域产业转移对中西部经济社会发展效应的逐步显现,成为促进中西部地区农村女性人口流动的重要因素.目前,经济发展水平和对外开放程度、农村流动女性的自身素质、传统观念的影响、城乡差别的存在、社会就业渠道的狭窄等,共同制约、影响着中西部地区农村女性人口的流动.其突出问题表现为结构性问题、政策性问题、制度性问题、观念性问题和发展性问题.因此,我们要针对以上问题采取一定的措施.     

“社会人”管理的治安学思考

随着改革的深入和持续,越来越多的"单位人"转变为"社会人"。公安机关应主动适应社会管理面临的新形势,积极推动"社会人"管理工作机制的建立和完善,管理并服务好"社会人",为经济社会发展创造良好的社会环境。     

Study of poroscopy among South Indian population

Poroscopy is the term applied to a specialized study of pore structure found on papillary ridges of skin as a means of identification. It comes under level 3 detail of identification and hence is more reliable and accurate. The goal of this study is to estimate the importance of poroscopy for identification of individuals and to determine the gender based on frequency, type, and shape of pores. Left plain thumb prints of 200 individuals (100 men and 100 women) aged between 18 and 60 belonging to South Indian population were observed. The results have shown that women tend to have a significantly higher frequency of pores than men. Number of pores ≤ 8 pores/25 mm(2) is more likely to be of male origin and ≥9 pores/25 mm(2) is more likely to be of female origin. There was no significant sex difference based on type and shape of pores.