我国产业结构调整与人口迁移研究--配弟-克拉克定律的实证分析

按照配第—克拉克定律,我国产业结构的变动已引起了人口分布的大规模迁移,出现了从第一产业"溢出"剩余人口的潮流。没有这样的人口"溢出"或者说人口分布的变动,我国的产业无从发展,结构也难以调整。顺应产业结构调整和人口迁移发展趋势,借鉴世界各国的经验,通过有力的政策引导,改革开放的成果才能得到巩固。     

Institutional determinants of the largest seat share

The degree of predominance of the largest party in a representative assembly affects government formation and survival. The seat share of the largest party, in turn, is constrained by the interaction of assembly size and electoral district magnitude in the following way. When all S seats in an assembly are allocated in districts of magnitude M, a logical quantitative model proposes that the largest fractional share is s₁ = (MS)^−1/8. As a curve, the model is found to fit with R² = 0.509, considering data from the averages of 46 periods in 37 countries, during which the electoral rules were essentially steady. As a worldwide average, the expression s₁(MS)^1/8 = 1 holds within 1%. Deviations from this average express the impact of various country-specific political and socio-cultural factors that can be investigated once the basic institutional constraints are controlled-for. This means that the degree of largest party predominance may be engineered to hover around a desired average by adjusting assembly size, and district magnitude, while keeping country-specific factors in mind.     

Organising for mutual advantage: municipal associations in Bulgaria

Networks of local government support organisations (LGSOs) are critical to successful intergovernmental relations and effective local governance in democratic societies. Bulgaria had no such network of municipal associations when it began the transition from communist rule in the early 1990s. Using US and other external technical assistance, Bulgaria over the next decade overcame the impediments to collective action and established what appears to be an effective and sustainable system to back up its cities and towns. Important factors in mobilising support included a long‐term focus on institutional development, non‐partisanship, flexibility in implementation and a pragmatic orientation that focused on learning by doing. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

养老机构发展主要问题及对策研究——长沙市养老机构及入住老人的调查与思考

长沙市人口老龄化已进入增长期,正呈现老年人口向高龄化发展的趋势,城市养老机构是必不可少的社会养老设施。文中通过调查,对入住老人需求、养老机构的现状和存在问题进行了分析,提出了养老机构发展的对策和建议。     

建构我国流动人口权益保障体制的几点思考--从王斌余案看流动人口的权益保障

流动人口犯罪率居高不下,其重要原因就是相对剥夺感的产生,而流动人口合法权益严重受损导致相对剥夺感强烈加剧,最终引发了犯罪。因此,建构流动人口权益保障机制,防止相对剥夺感加剧,对减少预防流动人口犯罪刻不容缓。     

西部区域生态移民的科学性和运作模式——对甘肃省民勤县以水定人的调查和分析

本文以对甘肃省民勤县的深入调查为基础,按照以水定人的思路,在认真分析目前该县的水生态环境对人口发展、经济增长和社会进步的严重影响的基础上,提出了具体的生态移民的规划思路、移民设计和运作模式等。     

中国西部财政供养人口适度比例问题研究--经验模型及实证应用

本文运用数理方法对我国西部地区的经济增长与财政供养人口适度比例之间的关系问题进行了系统深入的研究,提出了通过建立数学模型,用静态经验系数和动态经验系数,对贫困地区的政府机构和行政人员数量进行科学控制的新思路.     

乡土秩序的失落——对流动人口犯罪的社会学思考

流动人口犯罪的原因及其防治机制不能从流动人口群体以外的范围内去寻找 ,必须深入到生成流动人口的具体社会结构中去探寻。该社会结构主要有二方面要素 :城乡二元格局 ;户籍管理体制和现存的庞大剩余劳动力。流动人口犯罪的基础性原因是存在于流动人口群体中的乡土秩序在城市中的失落 ,以及由此而产生的流动人口生存与发展预期的落空。要解决这些问题 ,必须寻找一个重建秩序之路 ,也就是经过小城镇化而达到全面的城市化。其目标是消除两种秩序的差别和对立 ,直至建立最大限度遏制流动人口犯罪的新型秩序。     

“中国罪犯DNA数据库“模式库:13个STR位点基因在中国人群中的分布

目的:对D3S1358、vWA、FGA、D8S1179、D21S11、D18S51、D5S818、D13S317、D16S539、THO1、TPOX、CSF1PO、D7S820等13个STR位点进行多态性调查,探索其用于"罪犯DNA数据库"的可行性.方法:用多重PCR和四色荧光自动化检测技术分析13个STR位点的基因型,计算各位点等位基因的分布频率.结果:获得13个STR位点在中国南北汉族、维吾尔族、回族人群中的等位基因分布频率资料.结论:上述位点适合作为中国人群的遗传学标志,用于"中国罪犯DNA数据库"的建立.     

The polymorphism of transferrin by ultrathin-layer isoelectric focusing. Tf phenotypes and TfC subtypes in the population of Padua

The distribution of Tf phenotypes in the population of Padua was investigated by ultrathin-layer isoelectric focusing. In our sample (n = 618) nine phenotypes, Tf C₁, C₂, C₃, C_3?1, C_2?1, C_3?2, C₁B, C₂B and C₁D, were observed and the following frequencies calculated: TfC₁ = 0.77837; TfC₂ = 0.1804; TfC₃ = 0.03641; TfB = 0.0040; TfD = 0.0008. These gene frequencies have been compared to those found in other populations. Analysis of 101 mother-child pairs was in agreement with an autosomal codominant mode of inheritance.