新形势下经济犯罪的特点分析及对策

随着中国改革开放的深入和经济的不断发展,经济犯罪在原有犯罪形式的基础上,又有了新的特点,呈现出信息化、智能化和多样化,同时也给经侦工作带来了新的挑战。本文在分析了新形势下经济犯罪的特点后,针对经侦工作的新挑战提出了相应对策,希望对经侦工作的理论研究有所帮助。     

论吸食新型毒品的管制

近年来,我国新型毒品有取代传统毒品的趋势。政府对吸食新型毒品的管制可分为出现法律真空、以地方管制为主、调整和统一戒毒模式三个阶段,具有受管制的新型毒品种类不断扩大、吸食新型毒品的管制日趋严厉、寻求司法与社会、医疗体系间的紧密合作三个特点。当前吸食新型毒品管制存在的问题是：强制隔离戒毒放大了惩处威慑功能、社区戒毒与社区康复管理措施不配套、自愿戒毒增加了复吸重罚的可能性。应转变理念,坚持人文关怀精神;明确社区戒毒定位,制定配套措施;鼓励自愿戒毒,减少管制成本。     

MOVING INTO THE NEW AID APPROACH,DILEMMAS FOR NGOs: THE BELGIAN CASE

Under the new aid approach, nongovernmental development organizations (NGOs) are expected to move from “delivery” (service delivery projects) to “leverage” (lobbying and advocacy). In line with this international tendency, the Belgian government has signed a pact with the NGO sector in which a move away from delivery and toward leverage is being proposed. Given that Belgian NGOs are heavily dependent on government funding and strongly oriented toward the “delivery” model, this pact implies that a number of NGOs will have to undergo organizational changes. This article shows that there is a major cleavage in the NGO landscape in Belgium. Some organizations clearly favor the leverage, whereas others prefer the delivery roles. Those that are more dependent on government funding tend to incline toward the leverage orientation. The attitudinal orientation toward the leverage model however does not imply that organizations are effectively willing and able to change. A number of identity and legitimacy concerns are perceived by NGOs to be important sources of organizational inertia. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Land and Water Institutions in the Blue Nile Basin: Setups and Gaps for Improved Land and Water Management

This study undertook an assessment and gap analysis of the institutional arrangements for improved land and water management in the Tana and Beles Sub‐basins highlands of the Blue Nile Basin. We explored the mandates and design features of the major land‐ and water‐related institutional arrangements. Focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and a literature review were used in the analysis. The results of our work reveal that a lot of progress has been made in creating an institutional framework for improved land and water management and the policies and laws hitherto developed reflect global policy changes consistent with the widespread adoption of the integrated water resources management (IWRM) principles. There are also cases where informal institutions replace formal institutions. Judged by their enforcement, the water resources management, pollution control standards, and regulations and land use rights are not enacted effectively because of poor enforcement capacity. Overall there is a tendency to focus on command‐and‐control type policies. There is a need to strengthen traditional institutions by drawing lessons from their strengths and establish the legitimacy of these institutions. There is also a need to improve formal policy design, developing policies with specific objectives, goals, targets, and overall institutional changes and resources through active adaptive management to maximize the level and effectiveness of institutional learning. Finally, more focus needs to be given to incentive‐based policies through increased use of positive incentives and more emphasis needs to be given to self‐enforcement rather than third‐party enforcement.     

Socio‐economic Considerations in Biosafety and Biotechnology Decision Making: The Cartagena Protocol and National Biosafety Frameworks

Article 26.1 of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety left open the possibility for member countries to include in their biosafety regulatory processes the assessment of socio‐economic considerations. Countries may also decide to include such assessments as part of their national legislation or regulations for the approval and deliberate release into the environment of genetically engineered technologies. Countries are debating if and how to implement assessment of socio‐economic considerations. This paper contributes to the ongoing policy dialogue by discussing issues related to socio‐economic assessment including scope, timing, inclusion modalities, methods, decision‐making rules and standards, and the integration of socio‐economic assessments in biosafety and/or biotechnology approval processes. This paper also discusses the implications of such inclusion for technology flows and public and private sector R&D. If inclusion is not done properly, it may negatively impact technology flows especially from the public sector and render an unworkable biosafety system.     

现代新诗存在的问题及其创新方向

现代新诗是在五四新文化运动中产生的,它存在着因背离诗体创新传统而先天贫血等问题。要解决这一问题,新诗必须明确自己的创新方向,必须遵循诗歌的创作规律,坚守新诗在继承中创新的原则。任何诗歌都是语言和文字的艺术,都是形式与内容的统一。因此,新诗必须从体式上发挥汉字的特点,创造诗歌美的形式;创作中必须感悟大自然的律动,坚守诗的诗性品格;必须从内容上融入崇高的人文精神,创造诗歌美的境界。     

新一代中央领导集体党建理论研究述评

党的十六大以来,以胡锦涛同志为总书记的新一代中央领导集体对党的建设提出了一系列具有创新性的理论观点,部署了新的实践。学术界对此展开了深入研究。这些研究梳理了新一代中央领导集体党建理论形成的基本脉络,归纳了其基本内容,概括了其基本特征,总结了其基本经验,为我们学习和领会新一代中央领导集体党建理论奠定了良好基础。     

转型期公务员廉政建设制度创新的思考

腐败问题始终困扰着人类社会的各个政治共同体,引起了世界各国的广泛关注和高度重视。改革开放以来,中国的社会改革逐步深入,经济转轨、社会转型加速了现代化的进程,同时也出现了腐败等严重的社会问题。而公务员廉政制度体系不健全,是导致腐败现象不能完全有效防治的重大原因。本文论述了转型期公务员廉政建设制度创新面临的新挑战和紧迫性,并在此基础上提出了强化转型期公务员廉政建设制度创新的对策选择。     

日本观光立国战略的新内容及其新特点

鸠山内阁成立之后,在其施政纲领《新成长战略基本方针》中,提出了2010年-2020年的旅游发展战略目标,即2020年前争取谤日外国游客达到2500万人次,广义旅游消费总额10万亿日元,增加就业人数56万人。2010年5月17日,国土交通省成长战略会议根据《新成长战略基本方针》的要求,制定了《旅游发展战略计划》,决定实施“三大战略、七大战术”继续推进观光立国的发展。由此,日本观光立国战略具有了新内容和新特点。