To Give or Not to Give: Modeling Individuals' Contribution Decisions

Employing data from a recent national survey on campaign finance, we examine the contribution behavior of individual citizens in the 2000 election. By disaggregating types of contributions, our model enables us to observe potential heterogeneity in the determinants of giving money to parties and candidates. We find that for both types of contributions, the effects of informational resources and solicitation on the decision to contribute outweigh those of financial resources. In addition, we propose both a theoretical and an empirical distinction between the selection effects of solicitation and the stimulus effects of solicitation. By distinguishing between these dual dimensions of solicitation, our analysis provides new insight into the causal linkages between income, solicitation, and contributions. We find that while solicitation increases the likelihood of contributing through selective targeting or rational prospecting, it also does so through a stimulus mechanism.     

论政府官员的道德自律

在社会转型时期．官员的道德自律是落实以德治国方略的关键所在。官员的道德自律主要体现在党性自律、敬业自律、行为自律和清廉自律等方面．目的在于行政行为的公正性和自觉性，从而提高行政水平和行政质量、官员的道德自律是社会主义市场经济建设不可缺少的保证，是关系到党和国家兴旺发达、事业成败的大问题。     

以一流标准做好信息化工作

介绍了“电子政务”及“网上审批”系统 ,提出了北京市市政管理委员会信息化建设的总体目标和下一步工作计划。     

论共同犯罪中的辩诉交易公共利益和被告人公平审判权--从美国诉辛格尔顿一案看辩诉交易理论的新发展

辩诉交易是美国刑事诉讼中一项非常重要的诉讼制度 ,其存在的价值取向在于更好地节约诉讼成本和控制由对抗式的诉讼程序所带来的诉讼风险 ,曾被认为是程序公平的重要体现。在近年来欧洲一些大陆法系国家以及亚洲的日本在进行刑事诉讼体制改革和制度移植过程中 ,都把辩诉交易制度作为其移植的重要内容 ,且这一制度也引起了我国刑事诉讼法学理论界的注目。 1998年美国诉辛格尔顿一案的发生 ,在美国的刑事司法实践和理论研究中引起了巨大的反响 ,对检察官在共同犯罪中与刑事被告人之间的辩诉交易 ,获取刑事被告人的证言(即污点证人 ,taintedwitness)的行为 ,从国家作为一个主权者的权力、政府公共利益、被告人的公平审判权等角度进行了深入的探讨 ,辩诉交易理论在新的视角下获得了新的发展。     

论地方政府审批制度改革--从行政审批边界的理论视角进行探讨

地方政府审批制度改革不应是简单地取消审批制度,而是在确定行政审批合理的边界的前提下,不断进行制度创新,落实各项配套改革措施,建立科学、合理、高效、廉洁、公正、透明的地方政府审批制度.     

Divorcing Responsibly

In this article I argue that Part II of the Family LawAct 1996 gives expression to a new form ofresponsibility. I begin by suggesting thatresponsible behaviour has shifted from prohibiting orrequiring particular actions: we now exhibitresponsibility by our attitude towards our actions. I then examine where this new conception ofresponsibility has come from. Through an examinationof the work of post-liberal theorists, principallyMichael Sandel, I argue that a changing view ofpersonhood within post-liberal theory has led to aquestioning of the possibility of choice, and that theabsence of choice necessitates a shift in thedefinition of responsible behaviour. If we are createdby our decisions then we cannot be held to account forour decisions, but only for the care we have takenover them. Responsibility is therefore measured notby our level of self-control but by our level ofself-awareness. Finally I examine the consequences ofthis shift in the meaning of responsibility. Withinthis framework autonomy is illusory thereforedecisions do not need to be respected. This explainswhy the implementation of Part II of the Family LawAct 1996 has been called into question. Within thisframework responsibility is relative therefore itextends indefinitely. This enables the Family Law Actto be uniquely intrusive and judgmental: everydivorcing couple, on being held up to scrutiny, isfound lacking.     

略谈图书馆馆藏文献的计算机检索

本文从书目信息、连续出版物、光盘数据库和多媒体文献四方面探讨了图书馆馆藏文献的计算机检索及特点。     

关于信息心理战的几个问题

信息心理战将作为独立的作战样式登上现代战争舞台.把握信息心理战概念,需要弄清信息与心理、信息心理战与传统心理战、信息心理战与信息战的关系.信息心理战的基本特征是基本武器是影响心理的有效信息;直接目标是敌方人员的心理及能力;主要路径是现代传输、传递与传媒技术;作战领域空前扩大.它的进攻方式包括造势心理战、网络心理战和宣传心理战;它的防御方式包括心理防护教育,反心战措施以及心理伤害的调节和恢复等.     

The wage share and government job creation in Sweden, 1900–2016

ABSTRACT

This investigation explores the long-run relationship between the wage share in the non-construction private sector and government efforts to create jobs in public services and construction of infrastructure and houses, in Sweden in 1900 to 2016. In the present article, it is argued that the creation of employment with generous wages by the Swedish government has increased the bargaining power of workers outside of these sectors, thus raising the wage share, up to about 1980. Correspondingly, retrenchment from such policy has been detrimental for the wage share in recent decades. This argument is supported by the results of cointegration tests, estimation of long-run and short-run, speed of adjustment, coefficients, as well as by Impulse-response functions. While government consumption is often found to be an important determinant for the wage share, earlier research has neglected the full labor market effect of government job creation associated with an expansion of the welfare state. Sweden is an ideal case for studying the impact of welfare policy on the wage share, since it has been one of the most extensive welfare states and simultaneously has been one of the most egalitarian countries in the world.