Typologien und Wandel: Die kantonalen Parteiensysteme im letzten Drittel des 20. Jahrhunderts

Die bisherigen Versuche die kantonalen Parteiensysteme zu typologisieren kommen zu ganz unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen. Der Grund dafür liegt darin, dass sie sich auf nur wenige und unterschiedliche Parteiensystemmerkmale abstützten. Vernachlässigt wird dabei zudem der Aspekt eines allfälligen Wandels der Parteiensysteme. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, ausgehend von einer Typologisierung, welche möglichst alle wichtigen Eigenheiten der kantonalen Parteiensysteme berücksichtigt, den Wandel der Parteiensysteme zu analysieren und mögliche Entwicklungen aufzuzeigen. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass bei gewissen Systemmerkmalen trotz einer Annäherung in nächster Zeit nicht davon auszugehen ist, dass die kantonalen Parteiensysteme auf das nationale Parteiensystem hin konvergieren.     

Political Science and Prediction: What's Next for U.S. Climate Change Policy?

This article analyzes how U.S. climate change politics and policy making are changing in the public, private and civil society sectors, and how such changes are likely to influence U.S. federal policies. It outlines the current status of U.S. climate change action and explores four overlapping pathways of policy change: (1) the strategic demonstration of the feasibility of climate change action; (2) the creation and expansion of markets; (3) policy diffusion and learning; and (4) the creation and promulgation of norms about the need for more aggressive climate change action. These four pathways seek to fruitfully draw from rationalist and constructivist approaches to policy analysis, without collapsing or confusing the different logics. Building on this analysis, it predicts that future federal U.S. climate policy will include six major components: (1) A national cap on GHG emissions; (2) A national market based cap‐and‐trade GHG emissions trading scheme; (3) Mandatory renewable energy portfolio standards; (4) Increased national product standards for energy efficiency; (5) Increased vehicle fleet energy efficiency standards; and (6) Increased federal incentives for research and development on energy efficiency issues and renewable energy development. In addition, expanding federal climate policy may bring about significant changes in U.S. foreign policy as U.S. international re‐engagement on climate change is likely to occur only after the development of more significant federal policy.     

论执政党执政伦理的基本构成

执政的道德合理性是执政党执政伦理的基石。建构在执政伦理基础之上的政党政治制度的价值理念及其制度规范体系、组织结构体系所蕴涵的伦理和执政党执政主体伦理,构成了执政党执政伦理的四个基本构架。     

时代剧变推动下近代史学演进大势(下)

三、封建帝制崩溃前后"新史学"的倡导和推进戊戌维新虽然被顽固派扼杀了,但戊戌运动由此开启的思想解放的潮流是阻挡不了的。至20世纪初年,由于空前民族危机的刺激以及逐步形成的共和革命思想的推动,中国思想界出现了急剧变化的局面,掀起了输入西方新思想、新学理,用以分析中国历史与现实问题,寻找救国道路的进步潮流。十年之间,雨后春笋般地刊行了大量译著、杂志和报纸。梁启超对当时情况有过生动的概括:"戊戌政变,继以庚子‘拳祸’,清室衰微益暴露,青年学子,相率求学海外。     

云南近现代民族史研究论纲

几千年来云南民族发展呈现出巨大的不平衡性,近现代时期更加突出,1840年以后,由于帝国主义的入侵,世界形势的变化,云南的民族关系又在原有的民族关系之上增加了帝国主义与中华民族的矛盾,使民族关系复杂多样,而民族发展历史的内容也因此更加丰富,各少数民族的国家意识和中华民族的认同感更加清晰和强烈。     

浅析转变政府职能

转变政府职能要从五个方面入手:一要合理划分政府和社会的权力。二要分离政府政策职能和管理职能。三要实行政事分开推进事业单位的社会化。四要发展社会中介组织,形成良好的政府与社会的关系。五要引入竞争机制,提高公共服务质量。     

A Longitudinal Investigation of the Development of Weight and Muscle Concerns Among Preadolescent Boys

The study examined the impact of body mass index (BMI), negative affect, self-esteem, and sociocultural influences in the development of weight and muscle concerns among preadolescent boys. Body dissatisfaction, importance placed on weight and muscles, weight loss strategies, and strategies to increase muscles were evaluated. Participants were 237 boys aged between 8 and 11 years who were tested at three assessment periods 8 months apart. The main predictor of boys’ body change strategies was their perceived pressures to modify weight and muscles from parents, peers, and the media. The other main predictor of boys’ body change strategies and the sole predictor of body dissatisfaction was BMI. Self-esteem and negative affect were found to be weak and generally nonsignificant predictors of boys’ body image concerns and body change strategies. Additional studies that examine the risk and protective factors associated with boys’ weight and muscle concerns are needed to assist in the development of prevention programs for preadolescent boys.Lina Ricciardelli is an Associate Professor at Deakin University. She received her PhD in 1990 from the University of Adelaide, Australia. Her research interests are body image concerns, disordered eating and substance abuse among youth.Marita McCabe is a Professor at Deakin University. She received her PhD in 1981 from Macquarie University, Australia. Her research interests are in body image across the lifespan, sexuality, and chronic illnessJess Lillis is graduate student at Deakin University, She completed her undergraduate work in 2000 at Deakin University, Her research interests are body image concerns and negative affect among youthResearch Fellow at Deakin University, She received her D Psych in 2000 from Deakin University, Her interests are in disordered eating and depression among adolescents     

国有企业改革的制度变迁及其绩效研究--以云南为例

根据国有企业产权制度改革的进程,以云南省国有企业20年来改革的制度变迁及其绩效为个案进行分析,可看到我国国有企业改革的制度变迁及其政策演变经历了三个阶段,其间呈现出国有企业改革在制度层面存在的问题和矛盾.     

试论宪法变革的模式选择——以制宪权、修宪权、释宪权的关系为分析视角

宪法变革的模式有三种,即重新制定模式、修宪模式和释宪模式。这三种模式各有利弊。分析制宪权、修宪权、释宪权三者的关系,有利于为宪法变革选择适当的模式。     

定居与流动:布努瑶作物、生计与文化的共变

20世纪80年代以来,广西布努瑶族农民打破了旧的以玉米种植为主的生计方式,转向新型的养殖业和经济作物种植业,这一生计方式的转变,使其文化特质由定居转向流动。由此证明了作物、生计与文化的共变规则。