Melting Down and Scaling Up: Stabilizing Climate Change by Promoting Private Sector Technology Development

This paper will examine the role the private sector plays in researching, developing, and deploying technology that has the potential to deter or decrease the impacts of global warming. It will explore the degree to which the private sector can have an impact on global warming by focusing on four specific technologies: aircraft engines, wind turbines, solar energy, and clean coal technologies. We will compare the environmental impact of these technologies with the business case for pursuing each, specifically related to profitability and market maturity. We conclude that the business case alone is not sufficiently compelling to stimulate meaningful industry investment in these areas. Consequently, specific government involvement is needed for CO₂ reduction. This analysis will shed light on the role that government must play in order to more effectively engage potential private sector players in the global warming challenge.     

剑尾鱼感染嗜水气单胞菌的动态病理变化观察

对剑尾鱼感染嗜水气单胞菌的病理变化进行了全面细致的观察。结果显示 :剑尾鱼感染发病呈急性过程 ,感染后 10～ 15h为发病死亡高峰期 ;病理组织学变化以全身溶血性贫血和广泛的组织细胞变性、坏死为主 ;感染发病死亡时间主要集中在 5～ 2 4h ,感染部位和鳃最先受到损伤 ,最终因各器官结构破坏、功能衰竭和窒息而亡。     

公仆式领导对公务员下属服务动机的双元激发路径:职场精神力与LMX中介视角

虽然公仆式领导与公共服务动机近年来在各自领域取得了丰富的研究成果,但是学界对两者关系及其作用机理仍然缺乏了解。为了填补这一研究缺口,本研究在将公共服务动机拓展到服务动机(含公共服务动机和组织服务动机)的基础上,通过390个公务员样本检验了公仆式领导对下属服务动机的影响效应与作用机制。主要得到如下研究结果:所开发的组织服务动机量表具有良好的信效度;公仆式领导对下属公共服务动机、组织服务动机、职场精神力、领导成员交换关系(LMX)有正向影响,证实了职场精神力和LMX在上级公仆式领导和公务员下属公共服务动机、组织服务动机关系中起完全中介作用,说明公仆式领导对下属兼具道德示范与情感传递的双元激发路径;"领导下属价值观一致性"在公仆式领导对下属公共服务动机、组织服务动机影响中起正向调节作用。结果表明领导者可通过公仆式领导风格以身作则激发下属(尤其是价值观相似的下属)从事公共服务与组织服务的动机。     

Participation in change,job characteristics,and hedonic well-being of senior public managers: The moderation effect of change information

This study contributes to Hobfoll's Conservation of Resources theory by testing a moderated mediation model of the relationship between participation in change and senior managers’ hedonic well-being. Using data collected from 266 Australian senior managers employed in the Commonwealth and State public sector, we tested the interaction of participation in change and change information with job satisfaction, an example of hedonic well-being at work. Findings from the path analysis produced two new insights. First, both participation in change and information about change are key resources that senior managers can deploy to protect and enhance their job satisfaction. Second, information about change has a buffering effect on the indirect relationship between participation in change and job satisfaction through job control. These two findings have practical implications indicating that it is important to train and equip senior managers in the adoption of effective strategies to acquire job resources in assisting them deal with change induced job demands.     

利玛窦儒学观的困境与张力

从记载文本来看,利玛窦从自身对宗教的体会出发,曾经把儒家列为中国的三种宗教之一。随着利玛窦本人对儒家认识的进一步加深,同时为了更好地在中国传教,利玛窦做出了儒家非宗教的判断,这种判断在西方社会中产生了重要影响,虽然当时并没有在中国国内引起较大的关注,但是从一个较长范围来说,仍然具有学术史的意义。利玛窦敏锐地认识到儒学发展的阶段性,肯定"先儒",批判"后儒",但是没有看到中国儒学发展的连续系,也没有看到中国儒学发展断裂性与连续性之间的关系,体现了利玛窦儒学观的内在张力。     

In defense of the duty to assist: a response to critics on the viability of a Rawlsian approach to climate change

One test of the practical relevance of any theory of international justice will be to apply it to the case of global climate change. Several thinkers have already dismissed John Rawls’s Law of Peoples as a possible candidate for helping to manage this problem, arguing, among other things, that it demands too little, too late. This paper revisits and defends the Rawlsian framework as a viable approach to managing climate change. In particular, it argues that the duty to assist (the eighth principle of the Law of Peoples) may actually be an invaluable resource for dealing with the now inevitable consequences of global climate change.     

Climate Policy,Energy Resources and Subnational Policy-Making: Comparative Policy Study of Hawaii and Victoria

Abstract

This paper considers key drivers to climate policy development with an emphasis on the role of a jurisdiction’s underlying energy resource. The states of Hawaii in the United States and Victoria in Australia provide an insightful comparative case study given their differing energy resources: Hawaii has no native fossil fuel resources but abundant renewable energy options while Victoria has an economy traditionally reliant on cheap, plentiful coal. The Advocacy Coalition Framework is applied to analyze why the two states, despite the different incentives provided by their energy resources, developed similar climate policies in the earlier period of policy response to global warming. Analysis finds the stable parameter of energy resources is counterbalanced by other policy drivers including public opinion, leadership and, in particular, features of policy-making particular to the subnational level that provide a different context for climate policy development to that offered at the national level.     

专业审判委员会组织结构完善研究

《人民法院组织法》增设专业委员会这一新的审判委员会组织形式,是对多年来法院改革成果的立法确认。与传统审委会相比,专业委员会的组织目标更加明确,组织结构更加合理,组织边界更加清晰,对于发挥审委会职能作用、提高法院裁判专业化水平具有更加积极的意义。但由于立法较为概括,实践中该制度在设置条件、运行规则、配套机制等方面仍存在欠缺,可能虚化其应有功能。应当围绕司法体制综合配套改革和审判委员会改革的总体要求,进一步明确专业审判委员会的组织特征,规范其运行规则,完善其配套机制,使之真正成为中国特色社会主义司法制度的先进成果。     

社会治理中的技术、权力与组织变迁——以浙江为例

社会治理历史变迁的宏观结构研究往往难以确切澄清观察的对象和层次,且在重视权力等关键参数的同时较少关注历史故事中那些未占据主导地位的因素。从"技术-权力"分析出发,以典型组织模式的两次重要转型为切入点对新中国成立70年来浙江基层社会治理的历史研究可见:改革开放前后从"枫桥经验"到"网格化管理、组团式服务"的转型,不仅表明了"国家管控"向着"社会管理"的跃迁,也意味着以权力结构的调整为组织技术核心的革新不断拓展空间。这种权力对技术的"解制"在新世纪以来特别是党的十八届三中全会以来又转向技术对权力的"赋能",在"平台驱动的全科网格"中推动了权力结构的矩阵化、扁平化,提升了政社合作的水平,呈现了地方行动者如何在特殊历史场域中突破理念和资源的限制,不断创造治理变革的可能性。当然,为进一步改善对历史的理论研究并为推进社会治理的实践提供价值,审慎爬梳史实,将宏观结构分析与中微观分析相结合,完善对不同阶段社会治理的组织属性的认知,就成为必不可少的选择。