Relational Justice in Organizations: The Group-Value Model and Support for Change

This paper examines the psychological dynamics of the Group-Value Model for a behavioral orientation which has seldom been considered in the social justice literature: acceptance and support for change. A field study was conducted, with 176 participants members of an organization which was undergoing a change process. Participants were asked (a) to think of a specific relevant conflict situation with their supervisor; (b) to evaluate supervisor's behavior in that situation, with respect to relational and distributive justice; (c) to state the justice aspects most valued in conflict situations with their supervisor. A test of the model was conducted through a mediation analysis. According to the Group-Value Model (GVM), respect experienced within the group and pride in the group were mediating variables between justice judgements and orientation toward acceptance and support for change in the organization. Interactional and procedural aspects (relational judgements) were the only ones to predict pride, respect, and behavioral orientation, and were also the ones most valued in general conflict situations with the supervisor. The model was also tested at three different levels of analysis: organization as a whole, department, and work group. This confirmed pride and respect within the group as mediating variables between relational justice judgements and orientation toward acceptance and support for change at the department and workgroup levels.     

谈谈侦查指挥人员的用人能力、组织能力和运筹能力

侦查指挥人员的用人能力、组织能力和运筹能力是其侦查指挥才能的重要组成部分,也是侦查指挥能否达到预期目的重要因素,它直接关系着侦查指挥的成败。其用人能力是指能任用德才兼备、智勇双全的侦查人员;其组织能力,是指合理协调侦查力量、调动积极性的能力;其运筹能力,是指考虑周到、策划没有错误。     

论经济法的基本价值取向

经济法的价值具有多元性 ,但当其多元价值发生冲突时 ,经济法应当以效益作为其基本价值。以效益作为经济法的基本价值不仅具有坚实的理论基础 ,而且体现在经济法的具体制度中。经济法效益价值可以通过经济立法、经济执法和经济司法等途径得以实现 ,并与经济法其他价值存在连动互补关系     

论宪法基本权利条款在私法上的效力

传统的观念认为:宪法对权利的保障通常只是约束国家和国家机关,对私人领域的效力是间接的,不具有直接的法律效力,宪法的基本权利规范具有原则性,且无制裁性规定,不能在私法上直接适用。但“理论是灰色的,而生活之树常青”,本文立足于对国外相关理论的分析,对我国社会现实、法律观念及宪法规范的梳理,探讨我国确认基本权利私法效力的必要性、合宪性。     

有效性限度:政府作用的再认识

政府在经济和社会的持续发展中的作用是有效的,但政府自身的缺陷使得这种有效性具有了一定的限度。政府作用的这种限度表现为政府作用范围、政府赖以存在和发展的资源以及制定和执行公共政策的实际效果有限。政府作用有效性限度决定了有效政府的前提是有限政府。     

Why procedural justice in organizations?

This article reviews the existing research and theory on procedural justice and considers how it may be applied to the study of organizational behavior. It begins by distinguishing between the concepts of distributive justice and procedural justice and noting the historical contexts within which they emerged. Existing conceptual contributions and the research inspired by them are reviewed. The few existing studies applying procedural justice notions to organizational contexts are summarized, and the contributions of the articles to the present issue of this journal are reviewed relative to these efforts. The article closes by discussing the dual benefits of studying procedural justice in organizations: the enhanced understanding of the concept of justice and the behavior of people in organizations.     

企业目标激励有效性分析

目标激励是当前企业使用频率较高的激励方法之一。这种激励方法有条件适用性,它们会影响职工积极性、主动性和创造性的发挥和管理的效率。目标激励的有效性主要取决于以下因素:目标的合理性;人们的参与程度;组织环境和工作特性;管理者的管理作风;分权程度;员工的素质和能力。     

Procedural fairness and organizational commitment under conditions of growth and decline

We surveyed employees from seven relocating firms undergoing either an expansion or decline. Employees' judgments of procedural fairnes regarding the decision procedures used to implement the change showed a stronger effect on normative commitment for sites undergoing decline than for those undergoing growth. Procedural fairness concerns therefore seem to be more important to employees experiencing organizational decline. The finding has implications for research and for the management of organizational decline.     

论商法在中国社会主义市场经济法律体系中的地位和作用

在我国社会主义市场经济法律体系中,民法是前置性法律,经济法是保障性法律,而商法则是市场运行法,特殊的功能成就其不可替代的独立地位。商法产生于市场经济并且直接服务于市场经济,两者具有深刻的依存关系,以效益为契合点,通过反映市场经济内在要求的技术性规范,保障市场主体营利自由,进而促进社会财富的增加,实践的品格使其具有高度灵活性。现代市场经济立法主要表现为商事立法,没有健全的商法制度,就没有完备的社会主义市场经济法律体系。在经济危机频繁爆发的当今世界,我国商事法律制度的建设依然任重而道远,需要理性面对法律部门功能纯化、法律移植合理化和商事习惯法律化等问题。     

Examining Police Effectiveness as a Precursor to Legitimacy and Cooperation with Police

Numerous studies by Tyler and colleagues, as well as other scholars, support a normative, process model to account for variation in the public’s cooperation with police in the USA and other developed nations. However, a recent study in Ghana suggests that in developing countries fraught with high levels of violent crime and corruption, cooperation may instead be accounted for by a utilitarian, rational-choice model. Our study examines whether public cooperation with police in the developing nation of Trinidad and Tobago is associated with the process model or rational-choice model. Using in-person structured interviews with residents, we examined whether victims’ decisions to report to police were related to individuals’ perceptions about police effectiveness or police legitimacy. We found support for the process model. We discuss possible explanations for the divergence with Tankebe’s research in Ghana and suggest avenues for future research.