Developmentality: indirect governance in the World Bank–Uganda partnership

The instituted order of development is changing, creating new power mechanisms ordering the relationship between donor and recipient institutions. Donors’ focus on partnership, participation and ownership has radically transformed the orchestration of aid. While the formal order of this new aid architecture aimed to alter inherently asymmetrical donor–recipient relations by installing the recipient side with greater freedom and responsibility, this article – drawing on an analysis of the World Bank’s Poverty Reduction and Strategy Paper (PRSP) model and its partnership with Uganda – demonstrates how lopsided aid relations are being reproduced in profound ways. Analysed in terms of developmentality, the article shows how the donor aspires to make its policies those of the recipient as a means to govern at a distance, where promises of greater inclusion and freedom facilitate new governance mechanisms enabling the donor to retain control by framing the partnership and thus limiting the conditions under which the recipient exercises the freedom it has been granted.     

合伙作为第三种民事主体否定论大纲——以法人制度的价值与功能为考察线索

我国现有民法理论主流观点认为应该赋予合伙以民事主体地位,具体而言就是在自然人与法人之外的"第三类民事主体".从民事主体的价值基础和演变逻辑来看,民事主体只应该存在二元模式,不存在第三类民事主体的问题.合伙本身存在的形式是多样的,因此只能根据民事主体的价值评判标准将部分合伙纳入到法人的范畴之中.     

Partnering to beckon them home: public‐sector innovation for diaspora foreign investment promotion

This article examines a little‐studied component of public administration existing in most countries around the world and particularly important for developing countries: national investment promotion agencies (IPAs). Diasporas are an increasingly important and relatively untapped resource for development and many homeland governments view diaspora foreign investment as key to their economic development. In addition to being generally under‐resourced, many IPAs struggle to identify ways to effectively target, cultivate and facilitate diaspora homeland investment (DHI). To accomplish these goals, these public‐sector entities are beginning to identify and leverage key partnerships in the NGO sector. We describe the services IPAs offer and enumerate the challenges they face associated with DHI. Drawing on three illustrations of IPA–NGO partnerships, we develop preliminary tools for identifying and designing partnerships for the purpose of promoting DHI based on their scope, function and degree of formality. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

后冷战时期越俄关系的转型与重塑

越南与俄罗斯的关系既是冷战时期越苏关系的沿袭,又有别于冷战时期的越苏关系。从冷战前以意识形态为纽带、以战略利益为基础的双边军事同盟,到后冷战时期不同社会制度国家平等互利国家关系的建构,再到世纪之初战略伙伴关系的重塑,直至近期双边关系的持续升温,越俄双边关系已经发生根本嬗变。     

欧盟对中亚战略浅析

2007年,欧盟出台了《中亚战略文件》,确立了欧盟与中亚5国之间的战略伙伴关系,把欧盟对中亚战略作为欧盟总体外交、全球战略、大邻国战略的重要组成部分。欧盟在政治、经济、安全和文化方面与中亚国家进行全面合作。边界安全、能源管线建设以及欧亚交通大通道的建设是欧盟与中亚国家合作的主要领域。欧盟对中亚战略实施的成功与否对欧盟作为全球行为体的地位和作用将是一个重要的衡量指标和考验。     

法人独立责任之我见

一般认为,法人独立责任是法人独立人格的标志,法人人格独立导致法人责任独立.然而,从现行立法背景、各国立法等各方面来看,这种观点是难以成立的.事实上,根本不存在普遍意义上的法人独立责任,只是股东有限责任才导致了公司这一越来越重要的法人形态的责任独立.更确切地说,团体是否独立承担责任取决于其成员是否承担有限责任,与团体是否具有独立人格并不具有必然联系.     

合伙企业破产法理冲突评析

因合伙企业的组织特性、责任特性,使其破产制度的设计及施行既不同于法人企业,亦不同于个人;又因立法的本土性,使我国合伙企业破产不可照搬他国之成功经验。因此,合伙企业破产目标的达成或充分实现,须立法与理念上的独创性,而这首先须从法理上理顺合伙企业破产中的一些矛盾冲突,诸如合伙企业破产本位利益的确定、无限连带责任制度于合伙企业破产中运行等问题的协调。     

合伙第三民事主体论——兼论我国合伙立法体系的完善

随着我国市场经济建设的不断推进 ,企业及其它营利性组织的发展壮大已成为我国经济发展的关键所在。然而 ,人们没有给予合伙这一古老的经济组织形式以足够的重视 ,最突出表现在合伙的民事主体地位这一问题上。这与合伙组织在经济发展中其独特的地位和作用不相适应。确立合伙第三民事主体地位成为当务之急。     

特殊普通合伙企业:游走于无限与有限责任之间

特殊普通合伙企业制度设计虽然对无辜的合伙人以提供有限责任保护方式,使之具有了促进专业服务业发展的优势,但是,同时也加大了交易相对人的风险和司法成本。它的责任二元化构造中,所确立的二元责任在合伙人之间具有不确定性、交替互换性。二元责任既有纵向又有横向配置,其立足点是执业合伙人有无过错。     

Fiscal and political determinants of local government involvement in public-private partnership (PPP)

ABSTRACT

In this article, we estimate the main determinants of local government’s engagement in public-private partnership (PPP) projects using logistic panel regression. We use data from 2478 municipalities and cities in Poland from 2009 to 2016. The results show that municipalities with higher levels of indebtedness have a higher probability of opening PPP tenders while local units that are more dependent on central grants or receive more European grants are less engaged in PPP. We also found that the mayors of municipalities and cities with stronger electoral competition engage in PPP with a higher probability. These results are important for discussions on the efficient use of PPP. They show that local government decisions made in conditions of fiscal constraint and political struggle can blur the PPP’s value-for-money aim.