论行政决策中的听证制度

行证听证制度是指行政机关在行使行政权而作出影响行政相对方当事人的权利与义务的决定前，就有关的事实问题和法律问题听取利害关系人意见的程序性法律制度。在我国，行政决策引入听证制度有其充分的法理依据，具有重要的社会价值。但听证会不是决策会，不能遵循少数服从多数的原则对听证事项进行决断。目前，我国在行政决策领域引入听证制度尚处于起步阶段，还需要人们在多方面作出努力，从而使听证制度不断得到完善。     

论科学决策体制

科学决策体制是现代化管理体制的重要标志,它要求有科学合理的组织体系和严格规范的制度体系。健全科学决策体制需做到:更新决策观念;加强决策机构建设;提高决策者的整体素质;规范决策程序;完善决策制度;强化决策监督。     

Ten key developments in modern policing: an Australian perspective

In this paper we endeavour to isolate the top ten innovations and developments that have occurred in policing in the last thirty years. We consider that each of them brought about a new mindset, pattern or trend into contemporary police practice. We have focused our attention on the last thirty years because it is during this time that we have both maintained a keen academic interest in the field. While we have focused our attention on the way in which each has affected Australian policing, we are cognisant of the fact that many of them had their roots in other settings long before Australian policy-makers adopted or adapted them.     

On the Origins of the Franco-German EMU Controversies

EMU represented an important change in the economic constitution of the European Union. It is, to a large extent, a culmination of a process of Franco-German reconciliation and understanding. However, in the postwar period, there were significant differences in thought and economic policy-making in Germany and France. France was dominated by the tradition républicaine, giving a central role to the state in economic life. In Germany, the federal structure of the state went together with the social market economy. In this paper an analysis is presented of these differences in thought and economic policy-making, how they evolved through time, and how they contributed to shaping the nature and economic constitution of the European Union. The focus of the paper is on the Rome Treaties, the Werner Report and the Maastricht Treaty process.     

现阶段我国公民政策参与问题探析

公民政策参与是公民影响公共政策过程的行为,其受到诸多因素的影响。改革开放以来,我国公民政策参与状况有了长足的进展,表现在参与的过程、动机、功能、途径和方式等多个方面,但同时仍有许多问题存在。因此,需要从公民自身条件的改善、政策系统的优化、参与途径的制度化、参与平台的基层化、参与手段的现代化等多个方面加以改进。     

Portfolio allocation patterns and policy-making effectiveness in minority coalition governments

Although minority coalition has become a relatively frequent form of governance, it is often considered politically ineffective in policy making. To obtain sufficient support in parliament, government bills must go through the scrutiny activities initiated by coalition partners and overcome the concerns of external support parties in opposition. By examining parliamentary scrutiny on government bills, this paper explains the surprising policy-making effectiveness in minority coalition governments. Specifically, we argue and show that different patterns of portfolio allocation with the specific ideological locations of the ministerial office-holder, the coalition partner and the external supporter, structure the extent to which government bills are scrutinized in parliament, and therefore, the effectiveness of the minority coalition on managing and implementing policies. We empirically examine bills initiated by 256 ministries in 13 Danish minority coalitions between 1985 and 2015, and we reveal robust evidence that corroborates our argument.     

我国行政决策法治化的困境与路径分析

行政决策法治化是行政决策体现多数人意志、保障和实现多数人利益并使之规范化的过程,是现代政府建设的重要内容,我国法治政府建设也不例外。我国行政决策法治化虽然取得一定进步,但与现代法治要求仍不相适应,且面临诸多困境,所以我国行政决策法治化必须在公众参与、程序规范、监督有力和责任明晰等方面寻求实现路径。     

政府决策视阈下的高校服务保障探究

高校的办学效率涵盖诸多方面,服务保障的效率是其中的重要内容。可在多个层面对高校的服务保障效率展开研究,但优化政府决策是一个根本性问题。笔者认为,应从整体的角度,统筹高校服务保障的全局;用改革的方式,破解高校服务保障的难题;以发展的视野,探寻高校服务保障的趋势。     

Merging with the metals: an analysis of the role micro-political relationships played in the merger of the Printing and Kindred Industries Union with the Australian Manufacturing Workers Union

ABSTRACT

In the spring of 1987, the Printing and Kindred Industries Union (PKIU), Federal Executive Committee, reluctantly concluded that membership decline and the resultant fall in income meant that the union needed to find an amalgamation partner. In common with many Australian unions, which felt similarly compelled to merge, there was initially a lack of consensus over a preferred merger partner. In most other unions these disagreements were eventually resolved, an amalgamation deal negotiated, and membership endorsement of the merger secured. This was not the case in the PKIU. Instead the union remained in intense internal conflict, throughout the seven-year amalgamation process. Scholars have suggested that the PKIU’s amalgamation fissures were caused by political, economic, industrial and institutional disagreements. Other authors have gone further and argue that dramatic shifts in the PKIU’s and other unions amalgamation policies, during the 1980s and 1990s, were the result of alterations in the strengths of different internal political factions, or the rejection of a union’s merger policy by the membership. This article, while accepting that political, economic, industrial and institutional factors all influenced the PKIU’s internal debate, puts forward an alternative hypothesis. It asserts that micro-political factors, specifically personal animosities, friendships and loyalties, played a significant role in determining the eventual choice of an amalgamation partner, and the contrasting results of its two merger ballots.