中国共产党保持和弘扬艰苦奋斗精神的现实思考

在保持和弘扬艰苦奋斗精神过程中,坚持正确的指导思想和价值取向是思想理论基础;正确认识保持艰苦奋斗精神的现实意义是前提;赋予时代内涵是活力所在;采取一系列重要举措是根本保证;保持党的艰苦奋斗精神,还需要正确认识和处理好诸种问题。     

官员问责制度化：现实困境与制度设计——对“问责风暴”的深层思考

继2003年＂问责风暴＂之后,随着重大突发事件接踵而至,在中国掀起新一轮＂问责风暴＂。虽然迈出了问责制度化的重要一步,但面临的诸多现实困境仍需要进行深层次思考。其普遍存在四种现实困境：重＂自上而下＂,轻＂自下而上＂;重＂火线问责＂,轻制度问责;重问责行动、结果,轻问责理念、过程;重＂轻＂责任,轻＂重＂责任。解决其现实困境,对其进行制度设计,理念先行是前提,绩效问责是突破口,官员复出机制是重要环节,统一立法是关键。     

Evaluating US soft power in Asia: military,economic and sociopolitical relationships between Asia and the United States

The changing dynamics of international politics such as the expansion of the European Union, the growing importance of Asia, and the post-11 September environment have raised great concern about US soft power all over the world. At the governmental level, transpacific relationships may have encouraged military, economic and sociopolitical collaboration. The Asians' perceptions about US soft power at the individual level, however, may not be consistent with the governmental level. By using the 2003 AsiaBarometer survey, this article examines the factors that contribute to individuals' perceptions about US soft power in seven Asian nations – China, India, Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Three main factors – military, economic and sociopolitical – are considered. Higher assistance by the US government engenders positive responses from the respondents. For causal relationships, economic and sociopolitical variables, rather than the military variable, enforce individuals' positive perceptions about US soft power, according to the multilevel estimates.     

《日本国籍法》对在日朝鲜人的作用

2010年是签订"日韩合并条约"一百周年。在"日韩合并"到二战结束之后的这一段历史时期,日本根据"日韩合并条约"和"法务省民事局局长通报"先后两次剥夺了朝鲜人的国籍,进行了人权侵害。21世纪前后,《日本国籍法》的两次修改在一定程度上保障了在日朝鲜人的人格和权益。     

中国与东亚共同体建构

在探讨东亚地区主义时通常所运用的三种思维范式———现实主义、自由主义和建构主义的思维范式。按照这样的一些思维范式分析,90年代后期的区内外因素促成了东盟+3会议的召开和真正意义上的东亚地区主义的发生及东亚同盟体的建构所面临的挑战。中国和平崛起对于参与和推进东亚共同体的形成具有重要的作用。     

The Hurried Justification of Sanctions

In this paper I try to see how the Derridean aporias of the law of the urgency of legal decisions (the law interrupts the input of knowledge in the decision-making process) and the épokhè of the rule (justice can never be done in the present) are revealed in the context of the justification of sanctions. I argue that sanctions can only be justified in a purposive manner in the last instance. They can only be means to an end of punishment which has been opted for, and which can be justified on grounds of principles, or an authoritative calculation of incommensurable entities. I argue against theories, which advocate the internal connection of law and morality, because if such a connection could be established, the aporia of the hurried and unjustified action would obviously disappear. In particular my target is discourse theory as formulated mainly by Robert Alexy with his Sonderfallthese(Special Case Thesis). My objection is that, because of their instrumental nature, sanctions cannot be justified on moral grounds. I also consider some objections that could be raised from Klaus Günther's theory of appropriateness and Habermas' distinction between the moral, ethical and pragmatic employments of practical reason. I am argue that the former, which would become relevant at the stage of application, that is sentencing, does not resolve the justificatory problem of sanctions, and the latter confirms rather than falsifies my claim that punishment can never be said to be just.     

论刑事司法错误的发生机理与现实危害——基于诉讼运行的分析

从诉讼运行的角度讲,不枉不纵/程序合法仅是一种具有理想色彩的迷思,相反,刑事司法错误在诉讼现实中无可难免。这主要是因为,主观上,刑事司法制度的构建与运行受制于人类的有限理性;客观上,刑事司法活动的开启与完成也受到认知规律和物证技术的限制,难以保障不枉不纵和程序合法。而刑事司法错误的现实危害却极大,微观上造成本案权益的损失与司法成本的耗费,宏观上则导致程序刚性的式微与国家信用的流失。     

拉兹的法哲学趣向——将法律实证主义导向实践哲学

约瑟夫.拉兹是法律实证主义后期的重要代表人物。在研究法律时,他除了继续保持实证主义传统、使用法律实证主义惯用的分析方法以外,还试图用新的方法来替代早期的分析法学家们广为使用的方法,并使用新的哲学理论来改造法律实证主义。他的法哲学思想表现出的一个重要趣向就是：将法律实证主义导向实践哲学。这一趣向贯穿于拉兹法哲学思想的方方面面,是理解拉兹法哲学思想的关键。     

论以人为本的价值向度和实践尺度

以人为本的价值向度集中体现在经济、政治、文化和社会发展等方面。它是经济发展的重要指针,民主政治的重要标尺,文化进步的重要动力,社会发展的基本方向,实际工作的重要原则。以人为本的实践尺度可以归结为以下方面:既反对认识不足,又反对宣传过头;既不能离开物质条件,又反对唯物质条件;既承认具体利益的差异,又强调共同的价值观;既要重视个人利益,又要反对个人利益至上;既要持之以恒,又要量力而行。     

实践理性与疑难案件的法律适用——基于“实践法律观”的一种补充

当前在疑难案件中,法律的正确适用是司法的核心问题及公众关注的焦点。但由于＂法律观＂的差别,使得疑难案件的法律适用存在诸多问题。从学术史及方法论角度看,学者们处理疑难案件有各种方法,但最终都依赖对＂法＂的正确认识及案件事实与法律规范之间的关系的澄清。只有在个案事实与规范的融贯中,在实践理性理论框架内,通过类推等方法,发现、鉴别法律规范才能使疑难案件得以恰当处理。