从战略的高度看东亚合作与中日安全关系

冷战后,东亚地区各国在安全保障与经济合作以及非传统安全等问题上,形成了相互竞争与相互合作的新格局。中日之间在安全保障以及能源环境等问题上的矛盾与合作关系,集中反映了本地区安全问题的复杂性和紧迫性。如何通过加强多国间的政治对话解决区域内的政治与安全问题,通过共同开发与合作,有效地发挥各国在资金、技术和资源方面的互补性,逐步形成有向心力、平等合作、互补互利的地区安全与经济合作机制,是构筑合作与共生的东亚国际政治经济新秩序的关键所在。     

阿苯达唑对猪体内囊尾蚴能量代谢酶活性的影响

测定了在阿苯达唑作用下猪体内囊尾蚴磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶 (PEPCK)、丙酮酸激酶 (PK)、延胡索酸还原酶 (FR)、异柠檬酸脱氢酶 (ICD)、苹果酸脱氢酶 (ME)活性的变化。结果表明 ,阿苯达唑可显著改变未成熟期及成熟期猪囊尾蚴的能量代谢。提示 ,阿苯达唑的作用机理可能是通过干扰虫体能量代谢 ,阻断能量的产生导致虫体死亡的。     

我国经济发展中的能源约束问题

经济增长和能源需求之间存在着高度的正相关关系.20世纪90年代以来,我国已经由能源净出口国转变为净进口国,我国的能源供给已经从总量和结构两方面对经济高速发展形成需求约束.要根本解决这一矛盾,既需要走新型工业化道路,依靠科技进步节能降耗,又需要加强油气勘探开发和管网建设,同时要积极参与国际能源市场的竞争,以改善能源结构,扩大总量供给.     

Renewable Portfolio Standards and Policy Stringency: An Assessment of Implementation and Outcomes

This research examines the impact of increasing the stringency of renewable portfolio standards (RPS) on the consumption of energy produced from renewable sources. Putting prior findings in the context of policy learning, first we focus on technological innovation, factor endowments, and economic energy dependence of American states to track how RPS have proliferated and strengthened. Next, we look at the net effect of this RPS evolution on state fossil fuel energy divestment. To evaluate the interplay between: a) the political desire to lower fossil fuel use, b) technological feasibility to do so, and c) the economic trade‐offs and risks, we focus on the industrial sector dependence on energy security and affordability. Our results indicate that energy security is a priority and even in light of increasing RPS stringency, states with relatively weak but mandatory RPS are leaders in aggregate renewable energy consumption. This fact is due to favoring biofuel and hydro generation rather than solar and wind because of lower deployment costs.     

Technology Innovation as a Response to Climate Change: The Case of the Climate Change Emissions Management Corporation of Alberta

Innovation is the central element of climate change policy in many jurisdictions. Reduced to technology development and linked to market‐driven priorities, innovation accommodates the interests of large emitters in the energy sector and underpins a sustainable development discourse that denies ecological limits to economic growth. This study examines the use of innovation as a key component of climate change policy in the case of Alberta's Climate Change Emissions Management Corporation, utilizing a political economy approach to explain the drivers of government funding priorities. An analysis of this technology fund's investments over nine years, under two different governments, revealed that nearly half of the revenue has been used to subsidize R&D in the fossil fuels industry in the name of clean energy development, and that this priority has continued despite recent government commitments under the Paris CoP agreement. The carbon levy system that generates revenue for the fund has been unsuccessful in incentivizing facility reductions, pointing to the need for more stringent regulation. Innovation as a framework for transition to a post‐carbon economy is severely limited by its exclusion of the roles of social knowledge and citizen participation in envisaging and designing paths for change.     

The EU’s Energy Union: A Sustainable Path to Energy Security?

The Ukraine crisis and subsequent tensions in relations with Russia urged the European Union to diversify its energy suppliers and integrate the energy markets of member states. However, the EU does not seem to have a clear strategy to strengthen its energy security. Member states are reluctant to relinquish control over their energy policy. Moreover, the diversification of fossil fuel suppliers may lead to new dependencies on authoritarian states, while the emphasis on unconventional energy sources may delay the development of renewables. A coordinated focus on renewable energy, coupled with investments in energy efficiency, appears to be the most forward-looking and climate-friendly way of reducing external dependencies.     

Pig Organ Energy Loss Comparison Experiments Using BBs

Torso models for ballistics research require that the mechanical properties of simulant materials must match the heterogeneous nature of tissues/organs within the human thorax/abdomen. A series of energy loss experiments were conducted on fresh porcine organs/tissues at room temperature and 37°C, using steel 4.5 mm BBs fired from a Daisy^® brand air rifle. They were compared to FBI and NATO specification ordnance gelatin and a candidate surrogate material called Simulant “A”. Two CED M2 chronographs measured BB velocity. The resulting energy loss was established using KE = 1/2 mv² before and after target perforation. The combined results at room temperature and 37°C were as follows: FBI specification gelatin was similar (p > 0.05) to heart and lung, spleen was similar to NATO specification gelatin, Simulant “A” was similar to hindquarter muscle, and hindquarter muscle, kidney, and spleen were similar to each other regarding energy retardation. These results can be used as a basis for the development of simulant materials to create an anatomically correct heterogeneous model.     

西伯利亚燃料能源综合体对环境的影响

西伯利亚联邦区能源综合体对该地区经济发展具有重要作用,但同时它也是环境的一个主要污染源。尽管西伯利亚联邦区在实施燃料能源综合体项目时采用了净化设施,但目前还不可能完全消除燃料能源部门对环境造成的负面影响。因此,能源综合体必须加强环保工作,尽快采取切实可行的措施。     

日本海上能源通道安全法律保障机制

日本是一个能源主要依靠海外进口的国家,为了确保经济的发展和安全,日本力图构建完整的海上能源通道安全法律保障机制。以国内能源基本法律、政策和相关反恐怖法案为基础,依托海上自卫队和海上保安厅等强有力的执行机构,日本能源安全战略以日美合作为基础,多方开展双边合作。同时,日本还积极致力于建立地区性的能源通道安全保障机制,通过联合地区反海盗机制、打击海上恐怖主义活动来确保日本的能源通道安全。