Soviet conspiracy theories and political culture in Ukraine: Understanding Viktor Yanukovych and the Party of Regions

Conspiracy theories in Ukraine draw on inherited Soviet political culture and political technology imported from Russia where such ideas had gained ascendancy under President Vladimir Putin. Eastern Ukrainian and Russian elites believed that the US was behind the 2000 Serbian Bulldozer, 2003 Georgian Rose and 2004 Orange democratic revolutions. The Kuchmagate crisis, impending succession crisis, 2004 presidential elections and Orange Revolution – all of which took up most of Leonid Kuchma’s second term in office – were the first significant domestic threats to Ukraine’s new, post-communist ruling elites and in response Ukraine’s elites revived Soviet style theories of conspiracies and ideological tirades against the US and Ukrainian nationalism. Opposition candidate Viktor Yushchenko became the focal point against which the conspiracies and tirades were launched because his support base lay in ‘nationalist’ Western Ukraine and he has a Ukrainian-American spouse. The revival of Soviet style conspiracy theories has become important since Viktor Yanukovyc’s election as Ukrainian president in 2010 because this political culture permeates his administration, government and Party of Regions determining their worldview and influencing their domestic and foreign policies.     

全球结社革命的主权理论反思

发端自20世纪后半期的＂结社革命＂见证了公民社会的全球复兴,拓展乃至重构了国家与社会之间的关系与制度空间。然而,现有的结社革命理论并没有能够认真对待公民社会组织与主权国家之间的关系。一方面,从主权的视角来看,结社革命固然是个人权利成长的历史表征,但它同样是一个主权观念不断被重塑的产物;另一方面,对公民社会组织与主权国家之间关系的考察表明,如何处理二者之间的关系,则需要我们进一步从关系性视角反思主权的正当性,重解主权,乃至为公民社会组织的兴起提供合法性依据。     

中国苏维埃革命的兴起与共产国际

俄罗斯学者以＂中国苏维埃运动＂概括中国新民主主义革命1927年至1937年10年历史,但＂苏维埃革命＂更触及事物本质,以其命名更为适宜。中国苏维埃革命的兴起以共产国际和斯大林中国革命三阶段论为指导,从宣传苏维埃到建立苏维埃,从不退出国民党的内部联合到外部联合再到抛弃国民党旗帜,从认同直接革命形势到承认革命的第一个高潮已经过去,从以城市暴动夺取政权为中心到逐步重视农村革命根据地,从俄国苏维埃无产阶级专政的模式转到中国苏维埃是工农民主专政,体现了共产国际指导中的调适和结合。中国革命苏维埃方略的系统确立,有利于中国特色革命道路的开辟。中国革命三阶段论的重大缺陷,造成＂左＂的错误发生,并持续相当长的时间。     

A Century After: The ‘Great DIET of Vilnius’ Revisited

The Vilnius assembly of December 1905 in Vilnius, the so-called ‘Great Diet’, is now seen as a watershed in the history of the Lithuanian national movement. The event was the culmination of socioeconomic changes as well as the growing assertiveness and political diversity of the Lithuanian national movement. The assembly radicalized village politics and encouraged the Lithuanian intelligentsia to formulate a vision of a future Lithuanian political entity. One enduring consequences of the Great Diet was increased acceptance of the idea of an independent state in which ethnic Lithuanians would assume the dominant role within a multinational framework.     

投资者革命、股东积极主义与公司法的结构性变革

投资者革命和股东积极主义不仅重塑了公司法的制度环境,而且催醒了股东民主意识,使公司法的传统制度安排面临挑战。为顺应时代发展潮流和强化公司法的时代适应性品格,我国应当大力发展机构投资者并将其吸收到公司治理当中,鼓励和引导网络环境下的股东积极主义行为,进一步弘扬股东民主和股东主权理念,加强和改善机构投资者的公司治理,不断强化其外部监管。     

论思想革命意义上的延安整风运动——纪念延安整风运动70周年

延安整风运动所表现的思想价值贯穿于整个延安时期,在中国共产党的建设历史上留下深远影响。延安整风运动是基于党对自身历史方位的深刻把握而开展的一场思想革命。延安整风运动以马克思主义中国化的主题鲜明地表现了高度的政治醒悟和思想自觉。从思想革命的角度看延安整风运动的意义,最突出的贡献是确定了马克思主义中国化在党的思想建设中的重要地位。延安整风运动结出的一系列成果,都与马克思主义中国化的主题思想紧密相关。延安整风运动形成了实事求是的思想路线、显示了党在实践中形成的优良作风、弘扬了马克思主义创新精神。延安整风运动缔造了延安精神,延安精神光彩了延安整风运动。     

毛泽东探索中国革命道路的两次思想突破

毛泽东在1927-1930年领导中国革命斗争过程中，转兵井冈，实现了革命力量由城市向农村的战略性转移；出击赣南，突破了井冈山时期“凭险据守”的观念局限；会师东固，激发了“农村包围城市”革命道路理论的初步形成。转兵井冈与会师东固，是毛泽东探索中国革命道路的两个关节点，这期间，其思想出现了两次重大突破。     

新军事革命的若干理论问题--记博士生导师梁必骎少将与博士生们的一次对话

人类社会发生的第四次军事革命是智能化军事革命。它以人类文明的发展为社会基础 ,以敌我之间的对抗为内在动力 ,以不断的军事变革为发展过程 ,最终带来社会价值和军事价值的变化。军事革命要求主体不断地更新军事观念 ,以系统而协调的决策与行动来应对军事革命。     

库恩不可通约性论点的语言学转向

作为库恩解说科学革命的必要前提,不可通约性论点是其科学哲学理论的重要组成部分。但他的这一论点在《科学革命的结构》以后,却有了较大的变化,由《科学革命的结构》中的不可通约变成了后来的不可翻译。本通过对库恩在这一问题上的思想变化历程的考察,试图指明,这一变化实际上标志着库恩科学革命理论的语言学转向,既是其应对批评的内在需要,也是他为挽救科学哲学而作的一种努力。     

Biomarket for transforming agriculture to drive Asian economic boom

Asian countries have historically faced challenges of higher population growth and a traditional economy largely based on primary production. Even with good potential for agriculture in terms of available area, basic infrastructure and social skills, plant diseases, poor yielding crop varieties, irregular rainfall and other environmental factors keep the produce much lower. The paper suggests the concept of biomarket as a combination of biotechnology and economy. Notwithstanding public apprehensions, biotechnology promises environment and infection resistant crop varieties, higher yield, improved taste, texture and nutrition of foods, independence from fertilizers and pesticides. However, there is time lag between the research and implementation not to mention the increasing costs involved. A biomarket then would start with a consortium of scientists from member countries pooling research tracks and knowledge of otherwise locally available/developed biotechnologies and making them easily available to all members. Exim policies, IPRs and transparent works would have to be modeled to the opening and sharing of research and its use in the fields and homes. Technology transfer, industry-academic partnership, identification and marketing of bioproducts, international centres, and utilization of indigenous technologies in modern way would streamline the operation of biomarket across Asia. Biomarket will be more evolved than the conventional markets by including knowledge based economy. Social awareness of various biotechnologies and demonstration of success in implementing them locally would engage people＇s life styles. This will ensure wider sociological impact with a purpose of economic progress. Biomarket will finally aim for Asia to emerge as a world power bloc.