Can urban migration contribute to rural resistance? Indigenous mobilization in the Middle Rio Negro,Amazonas, Brazil

Given the importance of land for indigenous peoples, rural out-migration is usually associated with a disruption of indigenous culture. This paper suggests that instead of being a disruptive process, migration can serve as the means for a ‘scale shift’ that transports mobilization capacity from one location to another. This contribution presents the case of Barcelos, in the Brazilian Amazon, where an indigenous movement first arose in an urban area, due to the migration of indigenous activists from other locations, and later spread to rural communities as a result of local migratory circulation. Through alliances with the regional indigenous movement, these rural communities became part of a broader mobilization network that supported the indigenous resurgence in Barcelos.     

Municipal Mergers in New Zealand: An Empirical Analysis of the Proposed Amalgamation of Hawke’s Bay Councils

Local government policymakers across the developed world have frequently employed municipal amalgamation to improve the operation of local councils, and New Zealand is no exception. This paper empirically examines claims made in Potential Costs and Savings of Local Government Reform in Hawke’s Bay that the merger of the five local authorities in the Hawke’s Bay Region of New Zealand would generate significant cost-savings. We empirically test for the existence of scale economies in a single merged Hawke’s Bay council and find that no cost-savings can be expected. This removes a key argument for a forced Hawke’s Bay amalgamation.     

Did the Big Stick Work? An Empirical Assessment of Scale Economies and the Queensland Forced Amalgamation Program

In 2007, the Queensland Government imposed forced amalgamation with the number of local authorities falling from 157 to just 73 councils. Amalgamation was based inter alia on the assumption that increased economies of scale would generate savings. This paper empirically examines pre- and post-amalgamation (2006/07 and 2009/10) for scale economies. For the 2006/07 data, evidence of economies of scale was found for councils with populations up to 98,000, and thereafter diseconomies of scale. Eight percent of councils in 2006/07 (ten councils) – representing 64% of the state’s population – exhibited diseconomies of scale. For the 2009/10 data, the average cost curve remained almost stationary at 99,000 residents per council, but almost 25% of all councils (thirteen councils) were now found to exhibit diseconomies of scale. The compulsory merger program thus increased the proportion of Queensland residents in councils operating with diseconomies of scale to 84%.     

运输毒品罪的法律辨析

运输毒品的行为往往是其他毒品犯罪的辅助行为,运输毒品罪往往与其他毒品犯罪交叉和竞合。为了更准确地定罪,必须认识到运输行为的本质是：在国（边）境内,转移明知的毒品的地理位置。对于该罪的既未遂形态,应当根据运输方式的不同分别认定;与转移毒品罪和非法持有毒品罪的区别必须依赖于行为人的主观方面;运输毒品罪与走私毒品罪的根本区别在于移动毒品的地理位置的不同。     

土地适度规模经营：问题与对策

土地适度规模经营是我国农业发展的客观要求。但当前农村土地产权关系不清、土地流转中制度的不完善和操作的不规范、富余劳动力转移的障碍以及社会服务和保障体系的欠缺等因素,制约了土地适度规模经营的发展。因此,应完善土地产权关系,规范和促进土地流转,积极转移农村劳动力,健全农村社会服务和保障体系,以努力推进和规范土地适度规模经营。     

From paradigm shift to retooling: the foundation and maintenance of the AKP

ABSTRACT

This article examines the foundation of the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalk?nma Partisi-AKP) after a paradigm shift and its maintenance through retooling, which involves strategic positionings and tactical manoeuvres within its new paradigm. The positionings and manoeuvres that the party took vis-à-vis states of exception have been imperative for its survival in government. The main argument of the article is that the AKP retooled itself in the face of crises rather than going through a paradigmatic change, that is to say, resorting back to the Islamism of the party elite’s origins, in Kuhnian terms. Through the fluidity of its discourse and the unrivalled charisma of its leader, the AKP has -multiple times- changed the center of gravity of its discourse and policies without having to disarticulate its founding political imaginary. Neither its recently increased nationalism nor authoritarianism was the result of an ideological orientation, just like the democratic reforms in its initial years. They were mostly by-products of survival efforts at power positioning, through retooling.     

组织与权力的经济分析——通过对组织本质和类型演化的分析透视权力及变迁

本文分三大部分分解组织与权力的关系。第一部分从权力行使的基础———资源出发 ,论述了组织是一种权力 ,并且是一种最常态的权力 ;第二部分从人类利益的异质性及不同组织提供“物品”的不同属性出发 ,分析了组织及权力类型多元化的必然性 ;同时 ,立足于组织“物品”的不同属性所引发的不同经济效应 ,阐述了各种组织及各种权力之间的关系 ;第三部分从组织是一种资源的规模配置方式出发 ,分析了权力变迁及变迁的内在动因。     

一种基于Otsu算法的印章二值化算法

本文提出了一种基于Otsu算法的印章二值化法.该算法通过对算法的改进,考虑了印章图象象素的灰度分布值和它们邻域象素的平均灰度值分布情况.并不是用于整幅印章图象,而是用于分块的印章图象.实验证明,该算法适合印章的二值化处理.     

税收流失规模:地下经济视角的分析

运用现金比率法和收支差异法对我国地下经济和税收流失的规模进行测估,我国目前由于地下经济的存在而导致严重的税收流失,这提醒我们对税收的重点、税制改革的方向以及税制结构的调整等一系列问题,需要重新加以思考.     

限定刑事责任能力评定量表在暴力案件中的应用

目的研究《限定刑事责任能力评定量表》在暴力案件中的使用情况。方法对103例暴力犯罪案件中的被鉴定人分别使用《限定刑事责任能力评定量表》、《暴力作案刑事责任能力评定量表》进行评定,并同专家结论进行比较:使用BPRS对精神症状评分:对被评定为限定责任能力的案例进行三级划分。结果量表总分的组内相关系数ICC=0.9073:全量表同质信度Cronbachα=0.9572,分半相关系数分别为0.994和0.991,二者相关系数r=0.969。《限定刑事责任能力评定量表》总分和《暴力作案刑事责任能力评定量表》总分相关较高.r=0.946。量表结论与专家结论的一致性高,Kappa=0.95。限定责任能力案件得分与专家分级意见的一致性高:Kappa=0.97。《限定刑事责任能力评定量表》总分和BPRS总分相关性高,r=-0.797。结论《限定刑事责任能力评定量表》在暴力案件的鉴定中具有可用性。