法医学中的性别鉴定

对用形态学、细胞学、性激素检测、 DNA重组技术和聚合酶链式反应（ PCR）等方法进行性别鉴定进行了概述,显示骨骼的性别鉴定以形态学方法为好;对能获得足够量基因组 DNA的人体组织,最好用 PCR检测牙釉基因。而检测性染色质因阳性率较低,检测性激素仅适用于血痕检材, DNA分子杂交技术需要复杂的仪器及放射性同位素标记的探针,这些方法目前已较少应用。     

共同正犯相关问题研究

作者探讨共同正犯的相关问题 ,提出共同正犯是共犯类型 ,并对国外刑法理论关于共同正犯理论的犯罪共同说、行为共同说和意思主体共同说进行了评析 ,提出了共同正犯成立的基本范围 ,分析了共同正犯的主观要件和实行行为形态 ,并就共谋共同实行行为、继承的共同实行行为、分担的共同实行行为等存在较大争议的问题进行分析 ,提出了自己观点。     

It Can't Happen in My Backyard: The Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Girls in the United States

This article describes the issue of commercial sexual exploitation in the United States and details the risk factors associated with young girls entering the life. The consequences of commercial sexual exploitation are detailed and the barriers to effectively combat this growing phenomenon are investigated. Service providers who work with this population are highlighted, promising practices are discussed, current research is critiqued, and recommendations for developing a comprehensive response to the issue of commercial sexual exploitation are outlined.     

生育权视角下的胎儿性别鉴定

我国出生人口性别比失衡的问题愈益严峻,法律规定"严禁非医学需要的胎儿性别鉴定".然而,人口性别比失衡的现象并未因此得以遏制.性别比失调问题有着复杂而深刻的原因,并非胎儿性别鉴定技术所致.站在生育权的视角上,性别知情权是公民生育权的应有之意.性别知情权并不损害他人权益、国家利益和社会公益,应得到法律的确认和保护.     

Introduction to queer circuits: Critical performance and digital praxis

This introduction situates the articles making up this special issue within four thematic clouds, positing queer theorization as broadly relevant for critically engaging with computational technologies and culture. These sub-themes offer suggestions for future queer inquiry and praxis and reflect key terms in performance studies and queer theory that have undergone transformation with the ubiquity of digital technology.     

A Framework for the Judicious Use of the Polygraph for Youth Who Have Committed a Sexual Crime

Among professionals working with youth who commit sexual crimes, there is a clear chasm between proponents and opponents of postadjudication polygraph testing. Polygraph use for juveniles is an issue at the forefront of conversation in the state of Colorado, as the Sex Offender Management Board has evolved on positions. Drawing on extant research base, they have conducted a state-level evaluation in Colorado to inform further determinations. Using probation files of youth adjudicated of a sexual crime (N = 62), regression models were run. Youths’ significant reactions on a polygraph test were statistically significantly associated with more disclosures. Nonsignificant reactions, significant reactions, inconclusive results, and more disclosures were statistically, significantly associated with more polygraph testing. Finally, youth with nonsignificant reactions were five times more likely to successfully complete treatment, but test results and number of tests were not associated with recidivism outcomes. A framework for the judicious use of the polygraph is proposed.     

中国县区级出生性别比治理的社会政策系统协调性分析

本研究采用政策系统协调性分析框架,对中国县区级出生性别比治理的社会政策系统协调性进行分析,揭示了目前县区级出生性别比治理相关社会政策系统中所存在的不协调问题。其中,系统内部不协调主要包括政策主体内部的不协调、政策客体内部的不协调以及主体和客体之间的不协调;系统外部不协调主要包括本社会政策系统与其他政策系统之间的不协调,以及本政策系统与环境之间的不协调。     

论禁止重复评价原则与刑法竞合

禁止重复评价原则是与重复评价相对应的概念,其价值根源在于法的正义性.基于此,禁止重复评价原则制约刑法竞合情况下的行为的评价即犯罪单复数的分析和判断.具体体现为禁止重复评价原则与法条竞合、想象竞合、牵连犯和不可罚的前后行为之间的关系.     

An Analysis of Hounsfield Unit Values and Volumetrics from Computerized Tomography of the Proximal Femur for Sex and Age Estimation

Sex and age are two elements in the establishment of a biological profile for forensic identification. While the pelvic bones are the most ideal structures for sex estimation, the condition of a body is not always ideal due to the nature of death, such as in mass disasters, or postmortem processes. This study utilized CT scans and resultant 3D models of 100 male and 100 female adults of known ages ranging from 18 to 98 years old to collect volumetric and Hounsfield unit measurements of the proximal femur. Equations were created to establish logistic regression models for sex estimation and linear regression models for age estimation. The resultant sex estimation method had an accuracy of 93.5% and utilized the volume of the proximal femur. This study provides three linear regression models for age with an accuracy range of 86%–92% ±12 years. As imaging technologies are increasingly adopted for forensic purposes, the power of 3D data will provide the opportunity for more quantitative and reproducible analyses. The proposed method for sex and age estimation provides a reliable tool that can be utilized in both day-to-day casework and disaster victim identification.     

Distal Humerus Morphological Variation and Sex Estimation in Modern Thai Individuals,

Due to differential preservation, it is necessary to develop sex estimation methods on varied anatomical regions, including the distal humerus. Sexually dimorphic differences of the medial epicondyle angle, olecranon fossa shape, trochlear extension, and trochlear constriction have been documented in several non-Asian groups. This study examines distal humerus morphological variation in 616 modern Thai individuals (f = 198; m = 418) 18–96 years old and tests the methods on a hold-out sample of 152 individuals (f = 91; m = 61). The results indicate that population-specific binary probit regression performs the best (74.1–100%), followed by composite scoring (77.0–90.1%), binary logistic regression (63.3–92.2%), and univariate sectioning points (37.7–90.1%). Age minimally effects the expression of the medial epicondyle angle in males, and trait scoring is susceptible to high intra- and interobserver error. While demonstrating relatively high sex biases, distal humerus morphology can be used to estimate the sex of Thai individuals when more sexually dimorphic regions are absent.