老年社会福利事业发展的分析与思考

从上海、广州来看,绝大多数老年人还是自食其力或靠子女供养来维持其基本生活的,且实际生活水平差异较大.目前,我国的老年保障机制还处在初级阶段,亟待完善.老年福利的发展面临许多问题,可以借鉴国外的经验教训,以促进我国老年福利事业的发展.     

政府职能社会化的法制保障

政府职能的社会化是转变政府职能,解决官僚行政内在不足的根本出路。这一改革需要有宏观的法律制度,也必将引起政府行为方式的变化,而监督与救济机制的完善是各方主体法律权益得以实现的保障。     

从非社会性行为视角看留守儿童的社会化问题

留守儿童群体的研究是学术界的一个重要研究方向。本文从非社会性行为这一理论视角来分析留守儿童群体中的非社会性行为,借助这一新的理论视角来拓展、深化留守儿童的理论研究。     

《生活》周刊与20世纪初都市青年的社会化

《生活》周刊是20世纪初在城市青年中享有盛誉的综合性进步刊物。作为一份面向都市青年的杂志,它好像一面镜子,折射出当时都市青年社会化过程中的众生百态及其种种苦痛艰辛;同时也推动着当时都市青年社会化的进程。     

中国现代化进程中的大众文化与青年社会化

作为现代化的文化逻辑,世俗化已经成为中国社会发展进程中的必然现象,大众文化作为世俗化的一种独特表现形式,对于青年社会化悖论性地展示出其双重面相。为了防止大众文化的阴暗面相的偏激化以及文化堕距现象可能带来的严重后果,文化创新已经成为青年社会化的一种时代呼唤。     

论近代所有权绝对原则遭遇的现代挑战

本文论述了近代所有权绝对原则的产生背景、主要内容及其在具体法制中的体现,并讨论了现代的所有权社会化、法律的泛经济化以及垄断性知识产权思潮对近代所有权绝对原则提出的挑战。     

公共安全社会化

在当前公安行政改革的趋势下,积极推动公共安全的社会化,扩大社会力量的参与,能够更好地为公众提供优质高效的公共安全服务。实现公共安全的社会化,既有理论基础和历史渊源,现实生活中也有成型的模式。公共安全社会化的实现路径是:在重塑公安机关的基础上,进行公共安全的社会化、市场化改革。     

The psychological effects of state socialization: IGO membership loss and respect for human rights

We present an interdisciplinary theory that considers how loss of membership in international organizations affects states’ human rights practices. Drawing mostly from social psychology and international relations research, we argue that states are socialized into the international community through a process of social influence, whereby they are incentivized to comply with group norms by the promise (threat) of social rewards (punishments). Social influence occurs when states form social bonds through interactions with other states. When social bonds are severed, fewer opportunities for social influence occur due to lower information to both the remaining states and the state that lost those social bonds. Thus, we hypothesize that the loss of membership from IGOs reduces incentives to comply with group norms and adversely affects human rights practices at home. A combination of propensity score matching/regression and autoregressive distributed lag (ADL) models on a global cross-section across the years 1978–2012 supports the theory. Specifically, losing at least one IGO membership leads to a long-run drop in human rights respect of about one quarter to one half standard deviation.     

The Theory of International Media Diffusion: Political Socialization and International Media in Transitional Democracies

Despite the long-standing normative assumption that, for individuals in transitional states, exposure to Western media cultivates stronger attachments to Western political and economic values, the evidence presented here suggests otherwise. Using mass public survey data from the mid-1990s in five Central and Eastern European countries, this article demonstrates a general lack of support for international media’s positive contributions to individuals’ democratic attitudes and preferences for market economies. This finding is particularly unexpected because the countries under investigation represent ideal cases based on their proximity to Western democracies and international (Western) media sources’ capacities for extensive transnational media penetration into the region. Yet this failure to find persuasive evidence of the influence of international media diffusion on the development of Western political values sharpens our understanding of the process of political socialization in democratizing countries by eliminating an assumed source and is thus relevant to students of democratization, international development, and mass media.

The Role of Mothers’ and Adolescents’ Perceptions of Ethnic-racial Socialization in Shaping Ethnic-racial Identity Among Early Adolescent Boys and Girls

The current study examined relationships between adolescents’ and mothers’ reports of ethnic-racial socialization and adolescents’ ethnic-racial identity. The sample included 170 sixth graders (49% boys, 51% girls) and their mothers, all of whom identified as Black, Puerto Rican, Dominican, or Chinese. Two dimensions of ethnic-racial socialization (cultural socialization and preparation for bias) were evaluated alongside three dimensions of ethnic-racial identity (exploration, affirmation and belonging, and behavioral engagement). Mothers’ reports of their cultural socialization predicted adolescents’ reports, but only adolescents’ reports predicted adolescents’ ethnic-racial identity processes. Mothers’ reports of preparation for bias predicted boys’ but not girls’ reports of preparation for bias. Again, only adolescents’ reports of preparation for bias predicted their ethnic-racial identity. Thus, several gender differences in relationships emerged, with mothers’ and adolescents’ perceptions of cultural socialization, in particular, playing a more important role in girls’ than in boys’ identity processes. We discuss the implications of these findings for future research.