论社会转型期贿赂犯罪的态势与对策

国家处于计划经济向市场经济转型时期 ,由于权力过分集中和非规范化运作 ,贿赂犯罪现象丛生。目前 ,我国正处于这一过渡期 ,贿赂犯罪呈蔓延之势。某些单位为获得利益 ,“公贿”现象已露端倪。针对贿赂犯罪现象 ,分析犯罪发展态势 ,研究犯罪原因 ,探求贿赂犯罪的预防与遏制对策已成当务之急。     

校办企业转制过程中的审计监督与服务

高等学校内部审计要适应现代企业制度要求,必须实现三个转变,即高等学校校办企业审计应从查错防弊向为参与企业内部管理和服务方面转变;应以强化企业财务收支审计为基础,以提高经济效益为目标,实现向经济效益审计转变;应以促进并帮助企业健全和完善内部控制制度,实现向制度基础审计转变。     

民族国家与全球化

在全球化过程中,作为政治单位的民族国家的主权仍是世界政治的重心所系,尽管它不可避免地受到国际社会的影响.经济的全球化趋势推动着人类社会政治结构朝全球性方向演进,从而形成国际社会与民族国家在政治影响上的互动.各个民族国家都以积极的姿态参与到国际政治中去,全球性治理和超国家治理的组织正是由各个国家积极参与的结果.     

社会资本与正义的实现

社会资本是倍受当今社会科学领域关注的热门概念和分析的重要起点。随着社会的不断发展,市场与国家已不能也无力承担起正义实现的全部内容,社会资本理论的兴起为正义实现问题的研究提供了新思路。丰富的社会资本能使公民自觉并自愿地服务于公共利益,促进社会调剂,以实现社会经济平等;提高公民道德自律,确保公民自由的实现;并使社会拥有大量社会信任与自组织网络,增强社会合作,实现社会正义。     

经济转型期的政府职能与土地市场发育

土地市场的发育和繁荣与政府所提供的制度规则与激励是分不开的。但由于经济转型期政府职能的“缺位”与“错位”等问题使土地市场的发育仍然存在许多不足。对经济转型期政府在土地市场发育中的职能缺乏规范的分析,对政府在土地市场发育中的职能认识不清是产生上述问题的原因。经济转型期政府职能定位不同于成熟的市场经济国家,对市场的培育非常重要。因此,政府应该在明晰土地权利、培育竞争主体、维护土地市场竞争秩序等方面发挥作用;同时,实施有效的公共政策供给以调控土地市场,从而维护土地市场的良性发育。     

The Making of a Corporatist State in Hong Kong: The Road to Sectoral Intervention

Extant Hong Kong studies have under-stated the corporatist nature of the Hong Kong state. From the 1980s, as part of its political strategy, the Chinese government had helped to build a corporatist state in Hong Kong that incorporated various sectoral elites, leading to a change in the role of the state after 1997. Through an empirical study of the behaviour of functional constituency legislators and policy outputs after 1997, this article shows that the functional constituencies as a corporatist structure introduced many sector-oriented demands. These sectoral representatives lobbied for favourable polices, increased representation for their sectors, and more state resources. This drove the post-1997 Hong Kong state to sectoral intervention, as resources were diverted to selected sectors, creating new legitimacy problems for the regime.     

Re-conceptualizing State Responsibility: Human Security Protection, Confl icts and Governance

Different from the perspective of traditional national security, human security is an essential component of non-traditional security. Human security is influenced by multi-dimensional factors. Human security will be threatened if one or more of these dimensional factors get twisted. Such threats, once accumulated to a certain level, may trigger a confl ict. While some factors may have a low correlation with confl ict, some other factors may have a multiplying effect in triggering the confl ict. Further, confl ict may be triggered by a single factor or multiple factors. Poor governance may lead to escalation of confl icts. Deep understanding of triggering effects and their correlation with confl icts is essential to addressing the root causes and the management of conflicts effectively. Concepts of human security, state responsibility of protection and neo-interventionism have been developed in succession. Though the people-centered security framework draws global attention, it should be recognized that there is no international consensus on an optimal type of governance. However, according to the Charter of the United Nations, the primary responsibilities of human security protection should be rested on the government of a state. The principle of sovereignty remains the fundamental principle of international relations, which should be the guiding principle for addressing human security issues.     

Managing Power Transitions: Towards a 21st Century Concert of Powers

Power shifts and especially power transitions in the international system are often associated with (military) confl ict. Power Transition Theory (PTT) does offer an analysis of this phenomenon but no remedy. We suggest easing the tensions related to ongoing worldwide power shifts by introducing a new informal multilateral security governance institution, based on the idea of a concert of powers. The historical European Concert of the 19th century prevented the outbreak of great power wars for more than a generation by providing a cooperation framework, based on shared norms and common procedures. In this article we explore the possibility of utilizing a modernized concert of powers as a framework for managing the coming power shifts. In order to do so, we introduce two new elements in Power Transition Theory: (1) the importance of the (dis) satisfaction of the declining hegemon with the anticipated future order, and (2) a broader multilateral framework of major powers that overcomes the Power Transition Theory’s traditional bilateral “duel” situation. On this basis, institutionalized power transition management becomes possible. We then work out the norms, strengths and weaknesses of the historical concert and update it with a few new features that would be necessary for it to be successful in the 21st century.     

ROYAL WRIT AND BRITISH RESIDENCY IN THE SULTANATE OF BRUNEI: A FLUID PARTNERSHIP

The aim of the article is to explore and illustrate some “dynamics of transition” across some six decades of British protection of the Brunei Sultanate, 1906-1967, with particular reference to the interaction of traditional administration and the new system of governance of a Residency, especially in the part of Tutong district that was home to the Dusun/Bisaya ethnic minority.     

船舶压载水排放带来海洋生物入侵的法律监管——以船旗国监控为视角

船舶压载水排放的船旗国监控是防止压载水排放带来海洋外来生物入侵的第一道防线。在指出船舶压载水排放带来海洋生物入侵的现状和危害的基础上,分析了船舶压载水排放船旗国监控的内涵和法理依据,探讨了船舶压载水排放的船旗国监控与港口国监控的关系及协调,提出了中国建立压载水船旗国监控的立法紧迫性。