从合伙的主体性到主体化

片面的强调合伙的主体性,不但在理论上面临着困境,还将不得不负担主体法定带来的僵化成本、服从成本和政治代理成本,且不利于合伙组织的创新.在我国现有登记体制下,应该把合伙从本质上视为契约,充分尊重契约自由,同时允许和鼓励合伙组织在自愿的基础上主动选择登记,从而享有主体资格.简言之,在合伙法律地位的认定方面,变主体性的判断为主体化的选择.     

Limited Liability for Small, Closely-Held Businesses

The article assesses the likely impact of the newLimited Liability Partnership envisaged by Limited LiabilityPartnerships Bill. It examines the present choices oforganisational form available to entrepreneurs in English Law andconsiders arguments for and against limited liability bothgenerally in relation to contractual and tortious claims andspecifically in its application to small businesses. The articleconcludes that the Limited Liability Partnership may offerattractive flexibility for small businesses but that there isstill some uncertainty surrounding its provisions, particularlyin relation to members' liability. These must be adequatelyresolved if the new model is to prove an attractive alternativeto incorporation.     

中亚——日本双边、多边关系及其对中国的启示

中亚各国与日本建立外交关系以来,随着官方交往水平的提高,其伙伴关系稳步发展。1997年,"新丝路外交"这一概念总结了日本的中亚政策。21世纪伊始,新的地区伙伴开始受到中亚的欢迎。20多年间,日本与中亚的合作突出了几个特别的领域,即教育、区域经济发展、政治改革以及能源资源,其多边外交关系提升到了建立"中亚+日本"的对话机制。构建"丝绸之路经济带"的构想,反映了中国领导人对中亚政策的重要体现,反映了中国的中亚战略。日本的中亚政策,会在一定程度上给中国与中亚国家合作关系的发展造成一些影响,但是不能看作遏制中国与中亚国家合作关系的政策,应从中获得一定的启示。     

A middle power’s trade policy under U.S.-China FTA competition: South Korea’s double hedging FTA diplomacy

Existing studies on the roles and foreign policies of middle powers place too much focus on their security policies, while there is a dearth of scholarship on their trade policies. Middle powers have used free trade agreement (FTA) politics not only to obtain economic benefits through trade expansion, but also to achieve broader foreign policy goals. Given the U.S.-China FTA competition in East Asia, as a middle power, South Korea, has developed double hedging FTA diplomacy by supporting both powers’ FTA initiatives in order to avoid potential conflicts and maintain favourable relationships with both powers. Specifically, Korea has tried to maximize its national interest and, furthermore, to maintain regional stability by establishing two bilateral FTAs, the Korea-U.S. FTA and the Korea-China FTA, and by showing interest and participating in larger FTA discussions, such as the US-led Trans-Pacific Partnership and the China-led Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership.     

Responsive regulation in public‐private partnerships: Between deterrence and persuasion

Design‐Build‐Finance‐Maintain‐Operate (DBFMO) contracts are a particular type of public‐private partnership whereby governments transfer the responsibility for the design, construction, financing, maintenance, and operation of a public infrastructure or utility service building to a multi‐headed private consortium through a long‐term performance contract. These arrangements present a typical principal‐agent problem because they incorporate a “carrot and stick” approach in which the agent (consortium) has to fulfill the expectations of the principal (procurer). This article deals with a neglected aspect in the literature related to the actual use of “the sticks or sanctions” in DBFMOs and assesses to what extent and under which conditions contract managers adopt a deterrence‐based enforcement approach or switch to a persuasion‐based approach, specifically when the contract clauses require the use of (automatic) deterrence. An empirical analysis of four DBFMOs in the Netherlands shows that the continuation of service delivery, the need to build trust, and the lack of agreement on output specifications play a role in the willingness of the procurer to apply a more responsive behavior that uses persuasion, even when deterrence should be automatically applied. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd     

金砖国家非传统安全合作的理论与实践路径

围绕金砖国家合作,不少人持有"褪色论"或"金砖分化"的悲观态度,主要论据是金砖国家之间并不存在很强的禀赋互补性,因而难以促成合作。然而,从合作理论和非传统安全问题的治理实践出发,金砖国家合作都是可行的。从理论维度出发,合作包括交换型合作与协作型合作。交换型合作认为,禀赋的互补性缺失,合作就难以形成。这也是当前学界对于金砖合作的争论焦点。然而,合作还包括协作型合作,达成共同利益,并不依赖禀赋的互补性就能塑造相互依赖的合作关系。再回到金砖国家在非传统安全问题领域内合作实践的维度,随着安全的内涵、议程和治理路径发生转变,国与国之间的共同利益越来越多。因为全球化时代安全议程空前复杂、具有非传统性,进而超越了一国之能力予以治理。具体到金砖合作的治理实践之中,塑造后天共同利益的操作路径包括:塑造"行动焦点"、把饼做大;培育信任、塑造伙伴关系等。此外,金砖国家合作强调包容性规范,持开放的姿态,重视与其他平台以及世界各国的合作。     

论隐名合伙

从隐名合伙制度的法律特征、用途等方面观察,可知隐名合伙制度具有其他制度无法比拟的优点,因此,我们有必要将隐名合伙制度用法律的形式加以确定,使其充分发挥出其自身的制度魅力,为我国的经济建设,市场经济的发展做出贡献。     

特殊普通合伙制度中债权人利益的保护

特殊普通合伙的合伙人在特定条件下可以获得有限责任的保护，但合伙债权人的风险也由此增加。如何平衡二者的利益是我国《合伙企业法》必须解决的问题。文章分析了现行立法在债权人利益保护问题上存在的不足，并有针对性的提出了完善建议。     

抓住泛北部湾经济合作区建设机遇 加快广西经济发展

广西提出推动泛北部湾区域经济合作,构建中国-东盟“一轴两翼”区域经济合作新格局的战略构想,顺应了经济全球化和区域经济一体化的发展趋势,抓住了广西未来发展的战略关键。广西应紧紧抓住构建泛北部湾经济合作区的机遇,解决广西经济和社会发展中的矛盾,促进广西经济社会更快更好地发展。     

契约抑或伙伴:婚姻的社会性别探析

自1791年法国宪法宣布“法律上承认婚姻是一种民事契约”以来,虽然在形式上,婚姻具备了契约的特征,但在实质上,并不能完全体现为一种契约关系。在婚姻契约中男性任意支配女性的传统和行为,阻碍了两性关系的发展。于是,新型伙伴关系社会模式的建立就有了现实基础,它展示的是平等、和谐、宁静和非暴力的生存状态,其婚姻结构也趋向一种互动的友好关系,基于两性合作、互补的快感,使爱成为生命中最神圣的力量。