The extra-territorial paradox of voting: the duty to vote in extra-territorial elections

The question of why individuals vote, the so-called “paradox of voting”, has been a crucial debate within political science, conceived deductively as an interaction between costs, benefits, and, as some argue, duties. This article situates the question of why individuals vote within the context of extra-territorial elections, focusing on how and why those who acquire citizenship kin-states participate in kin-state elections following citizenship acquisition, while continuing to reside outside of the kin-state. The article uses the case of newly acquired Romanian citizens in Moldova, who have never resided in nor intend to reside in Romania, to unpack whether, how, and why individuals acquiring Romanian citizenship in Moldova vote in Romanian elections. The article uses an interpretive and inductive approach to explore from the bottom up both the experiences of and motivations for political participation of extra-territorial citizens. The article finds, unexpectedly, how those acquiring Romanian citizenship in Moldova are motivated by a duty to participate. Overall, the article argues for a relational and reciprocal understanding of citizenship and voting, which focuses on the relationship between the kin-state, facilitating citizenship as a right, and the kin-citizen, performing their duty to vote.     

Does local ownership bring about effectiveness? The case of a transnational advocacy network

In international development, shared ownership is assumed to be a condition for effectiveness. Academic studies question this relation, claiming shared ownership can instead lead to ineffectiveness. This study analysed the interplay between ownership and effectiveness in a transnational advocacy network for conflict prevention observed 2012–2015. Building on recent discussions about balancing unity and diversity in networks, this article unpacks the ownership/effectiveness relationship into three dimensions: collective identity, accountability processes and a shared advocacy message. We find that the question is not about more or less effectiveness, but about the processes shaping the meaning of effectiveness in particular institutional constellations.     

Norway as an Example in the UK Women’s Suffrage Campaign

This article analyses the character and meanings of references to Norwegian experiences in the UK women’s suffrage campaign. It argues that the references to Norway served two main purposes. Firstly, they served as evidence of all the good things that would happen as a result of women gaining the vote, such as wage equality and social reform. Secondly, they played a significant part in establishing a counter-narrative to the anti-suffragist warnings of all the terrible things that would follow women’s suffrage. The study also discusses the limitations of political exchange and shows how different political contexts came into play in the debates on the validity of the Norwegian example.     

Citizenship and the Constitution

The status of “British subjects”, the relationship between the individual and the State, and the concept of “rights” and “liberties” are relevant to the current political debate about “British identity”, citizenship, “multiculturalism”, a “British Bill of Rights”, and whether there is now a need for a written constitution. This article describes the confused contemporary understanding of what is meant by “British” citizenship and analyses the parallel developments of citizenship and our constitutional arrangements. The Human Rights Act, devolution and Gordon Brown's proposed constitutional renewal are important steps in setting out the ideas and principles that bind us together as a nation. Together with a coherent definition of the rights and obligations of British citizenship, constitutional reform would achieve a stronger sense of what it means to be British today.     

我国企业“短命”的文化根源探析

对“短命”企业的文化心理分析表明,我国传统文化及其现代演变的确有一些不利于现代企业生存和发展的因素,诸如过分的务虚、变通、忠孝、中庸等文化特征,影响了企业品牌建设和可持续发展,制约了企业公民行为。而扭转企业短命的命运,就要改变那些落后于时代的文化特质,与世界优秀文化接轨。     

International marriage in East and Southeast Asia: trends and research emphases

This paper gives an overview on international marriage in East and Southeast Asia. It first reviews the available data on the incidence and trends of transnational marriage. It then discusses the factors generally cited as contributing to the rising incidence of international marriage in the region: the increased mobility of population, particularly with respect to tourism, business travel, short-term employment and international study; and marriage market issues in a number of countries of the region, leading to deliberate and targeted search for spouses in other countries. It also reviews the types of international marriages in the region, including the national, ethnic and social characteristics of spouses in such marriages. Finally, it discusses the issues and problems covered and not (or inadequately) covered in the literature of international marriage in East and Southeast Asia in relation to the questions of rights and of the boundaries and sovereignty of the state.     

农民工公民意识现状分析及对策研究

公民意识是社会意识形态的形式之一，它是公民对自身的政治地位和法律地位、应履行权利和应承担义务的自我认识。现阶段，农民工公民意识普遍薄弱，主要表现为公民身份意识、权利义务意识、法律意识以及民主平等意识的缺乏。因此，政府应为农民工创造更多的政治参与机会，加强农民工公民意识教育工作，加快和完善政治社团建设，提高农民工自身的整体素质，从而使其成为建设好公民社会的重要因素。     

后发展型跨国公司发展战略探析及我国的借鉴

以日本韩国等国家中的跨国公司为代表的后发展型跨国公司,在微观发展战略和宏观发展战略方面为中国发展提供了借鉴。中国跨国公司属于后发展型跨国公司,其发展需要政府的扶持,同时,在产业战略选择上应注重投资高技术行业和服务业;在投资战略选择上应注重以合资方式为主;在区域战略选择上注重直接投资应以发展中国家为重点,逐渐向发达国家发展。     

我国乡镇企业跨国经营的策略选择

跨国经营是企业在全球化的世界经济中求得生存和发展的必然选择。我国乡镇企业在整体水平上要走出国门,从事跨国经营虽然有诸多困难,但是,有规模较小、机制灵活、适应能力强的特点,使其完全可以利用自身优势,选择灵活多样的形式进行跨国经营。