Parity,Power and Representative Politics: The Elusive Pursuit of Gender Equality in Europe

In recent years the concept of parity democracy has rapidly risen up the European political agenda. Using a threefold typology of sex-quotas, this article undertakes a classification of the measures taken by the 15 old E.U. member states to improve the gender balance in representative assemblies. This is then used as the basis for an exploration of the advantages and disadvantages of the parity approach as a tool to promote gender equality, including the constitutional obstacles which stand in its way. The article goes on to present a comparative study of several national systems in which attempts to achieve parity democracy have been pursued, concluding that, in order to maximise their effectiveness, parity measures must operate within a system of unbiased political structures and be properly adjusted to suit the particularities of individual national electoral regimes.     

“努力交出优异的答卷”——学习胡锦涛总书记在西柏坡学习考察时重要讲话的体会

在新时期,胡锦涛总书记又重提毛泽东同志的“两个务必”,还意味深长地引用了“今天是进京赶考的日子”的名言,这是由我们党当前面临的形势和任务所决定的。     

简论澳门特区政府的行政改革

澳门回归 3年多来 ,特区政府在“一国两制”方针和《澳门基本法》的指引下 ,进行了一系列卓有成效的行政改革。这些改革特点鲜明、卓有成效 ,但也存在些许缺憾与不足。在未来的行政改革进程中 ,特区政府除应保持改革原有的特色外 ,需要着力于 :树立“权变的”和“可持续的”行政改革观 ;重组澳门的公共行政精神和公共行政文化 ;打造特区政府独特的国际竞争力 ;建立健全“次区域化”视野下的政府全面合作的制度安排     

影响海峡两岸关系因素的分析

“一国两制“是中国共产党解决台湾与祖国大陆统一的根本原则;台湾主要领导人所持的与“一国两制“相对立的态度是阻碍海峡两岸统一的根本原因;美国插手台湾问题则是影响两岸关系的国外原因.     

从“一纲四目”到“一国两制”: 中共三代领导集体与我党对台政策

“一国两制”理论是对“一纲四目”构想的继承和发展。其中“一纲四目”的形成经历了一个由武力解决到和平统一的转变;“一国两制”被作为一项长期的国策,“江八点”使其更加丰富和全面。     

"一国两制"与中华民族凝聚力

"一国两制"理论的提出,以及在香港、澳门的成功实践,在政治上、经济上、文化上产生了巨大的影响,提高了中国的国际声誉,增强了中国的经济实力,推动了祖国的统一步伐,促进了中华民族凝聚力的发展.     

关于公安院校"两课"课程教学改革的思考

"两课"课程教学应把激发学生的理论兴趣作为首要宗旨,按照体系性、衔接性、教学与实际相结合的原则来重构教学内容体系;教学方法的改革重点由过去单一的灌输式教学模式转变为师生之间双向式互动教学模式,并通过考试制度的改革,以确立学生的主体性地位.     

Proportional representation and attitudes about politics: results from New Zealand

PR systems often are credited with producing more equitable outcomes between political parties and encouraging wider social group representation than majoritarian systems. Theory suggests that this should instill greater trust, efficacy, and faith in the political system. We assume that citizens disadvantaged by majoritarian rules (political minorities) will have a relatively greater shift toward positive attitudes about democracy following a transition from a majoritarian system to proportional representation. We employ panel data from the 1993–1996 New Zealand Election Study (NZES) to test hypotheses about the effects of electoral system change on attitudes about governmental responsiveness, trust in government, and political efficacy. We find that there is a general shift in mass opinion toward more positive attitudes on some measures of efficacy and responsiveness. Political minorities display a greater shift toward feelings of efficacy than other voters.     

论侵权责任法在机动车交通事故责任纠纷中的适用——从相撞的两车责任人的责任承担方式谈起

两辆机动车发生碰撞造成机动车驾驶人以外的第三人损害的,两车责任人并不构成主观共同侵权,有可能构成自己侵权,也有可能构成客观共同侵权,还有可能构成分别侵权,承担责任的方式也不能一概而论,具体应根据交警部门责任认定书对事故责任的认定,并结合日常经验法则如机动车行驶方向及行驶速度、机动车驾驶人在事故发生时的反应、两行为的结合方式及结合程度等因素综合判断。     

高校系统“四风”现象的表征、成因及治理对策

当前,我国高等教育事业进入快速发展的战略机遇期,加强和改进作风建设,树立高等教育的良好形象显得尤为重要。通过这些年的努力,高校领导干部作风建设已取得一定成效,但仍存在着"四风"现象,即形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风。究其原因,主要有社会大环境的不利影响、监督不健全的重要影响、行为定性难的客观影响和心理成因复杂的主观影响。当前和今后加强和改进高校领导干部作风建设,就是要正确把握和贯彻"照镜子、正衣冠、洗洗澡、治治病"的总体要求,努力实现高校内部治理权制结构的平衡,为高校系统从源头上破除"四风"提供科学的"顶层设计"。同时还要做到"四个结合",即作风建设与师德师风建设、健全制度、强化监督和加大惩处力度相结合。