How domestic contexts shape international private governance: The case of the European Accord and American Alliance in Bangladesh

The international nature of supply chains has led to the rise of private authority in regulating the environmental and social impacts of production, which companies frequently address through corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the form of private governance (PG). Despite its claim to establish “global” rules, PG usually has national origins, and multiple efforts to address the same issue from different national perspectives frequently coexist. Numerous studies have explored the impact of national business systems on companies' domestic CSR practices, yet little is known about what factors shape CSR practices like PG internationally. Therefore, this study seeks to understand how differing domestic contexts shape approaches to CSR in the form of PG in host countries. I explore this empirically through the comparative case study of competing PG initiatives in the post-Rana Plaza Bangladesh garment industry, uniquely conceived to govern companies' practices rather than certify products. It combines empirical findings with the comparative CSR literature to hypothesize about ideal types of PG organizing in US and European contexts. It extends the analysis to also account for other influential factors, such as stakeholder pressure, thus demonstrating how institutional and agentic factors amalgamate to shape firms' choices. By explicating linkages between international PG and its domestic context, as well as between the comparative CSR and PG literature studies, this study extends our understanding of how and why international PG practices and preferences vary for firms originating from different environments.     

两岸特色民间社会融合问题研究

两岸社会融合的核心在于认同.长期以来,两岸不但在政治、经济、社会、文化等制度上存在重大差异,而且在意识形态领域的分歧也相当明显,两岸按照各自的运转逻辑,分别发展出适合自身特色的社会发展模式.在当前两岸关系和平发展的新时期,随着两岸在人员、物质、技术及信息等领域的流通加速,两岸民间社会的融合进程也不断加强,建构一个具有鲜明两岸特色的两岸民间社会融合模式被提上议事日程.本文借用跨境主义理论作为分析框架,在分析两岸社会融合现状的基础上,分别就两岸社会融合的困境、特征以及基本模式等方面进行了深入分析.     

解放思想开拓创新奠定“百年女大”发展新基石--《山东女子学院中长期发展战略暨“十三五”事业发展规划》解读与说明

中国需要女子大学，办女子大学是一种优势。“百年女大”是山东女子学院长远发展的愿景，表现为六大战略目标和三个阶段的步骤。“十三五”期间，要着重采取五大行动来实现十大目标，就保障措施而言，尤其需要发挥思想的先导作用，建立强大的师资队伍，培养富有开拓精神的干部队伍。     

论基层信访考核指标体系的设定

信访考核指标是社会指标的一种,设定信访考核指标只有遵行一定的要求才能实现指标的功能。就当前基层政府信访考核的指标设定来看,这些指标并没有遵守指标设定的一些基本要求。基层信访考核指标设定的原则主要有指标符合信访价值取向、根据结果的性质设定指标、指标设定与考核目标的一致以及考核指标的范围包括源与流等等。在这些原则的基础上基层信访考核应当重新设定,即围绕着依法行政、立案、办理程序以及三级终结这四个关键指标设定。从而实现信访能够化解矛盾、维护法律秩序稳定等结果。     

放管服改革背景下的基层机关事务管理创新

机关事务管理改革与创新是放管服改革在政府内部的开展,也是放管服改革进一步推进的必然要求。在放管服改革深入过程中,县乡基层政府面临职责加重、政务事权加量、基层政府与公务员任务翻倍的情况,机关事务管理尤其是基层机关事务管理的管理体制、服务结构、管理模式、管理格局、保障水平面临挑战。基层机关事务管理改革需要通过职能定位、权力配置与机构设置、运行规则和法律保障等多路径进行创新,使之与放管服改革相配套。推进基层机关事务管理的法制化、规范化、社会化、信息化、专业化、标准化对于确保放管服改革落到实处、避免腐败和提高基层公务员士气具有重要意义。     

《共产党宣言》与中国共产党人的初心和使命论析

《共产党宣言》奠定了中国共产党人初心和使命的理论基础,涵盖了理论的渊源、历史的追因和未来的指向:“两个必然”赋予共产党人理论逻辑和实践逻辑上的重大历史使命;实现“每个人的自由全面发展”明确了共产党人的最高价值诉求;《共产党宣言》的理论原则和价值目标提供达致人类解放的基本原则,成为中国共产党人不断前进的坐标系和动力源。厘清《共产党宣言》与中国共产党人的初心和使命间的逻辑关系,有助于永葆共产党人的政治本色。     

“套路贷”犯罪罪数认定问题探析

“套路贷”犯罪触犯的基本罪名是诈骗罪。由于“索债”行为的多样性，同时又可能触犯寻衅滋事、强迫交易、敲诈勒索、抢劫或绑架等十余种罪名。认定罪数既要立足于法益保护，坚持全面评价，又要注重人权保障，禁止重复评价，还要符合认知规律，做到整体评价。行为人虚构事实、隐瞒真相，设立虚假债务后，通过滋扰、纠缠、哄闹、聚众造势等非法“索债”，目的行为和手段行为分别触犯不同罪名的，择重罪处罚；通过虚假诉讼非法“索债”的，择重罪从重处罚；通过暴力、胁迫、绑架等直接“索债”的，诈骗行为升级为抢劫、绑架等重度侵财犯罪；在侵财犯罪之外侵害被害人其他法益，构成犯罪的，数罪并罚。     

Performance-Related Payments in Local Governments: Do They Improve Performance or Only Increase Salary?

Personnel policies in public sector organizations are fundamental to improving public services, since they have an impact on both individual and organizational performance. Within the broad area of Human Resources Management (HRM), Performance-Related Pay Systems (PRPSs) are widely considered one of the cornerstones of public sector managerial reforms. Monetary incentives should be paid for performance achievements of single employees and/or teams, according to a defined set of objectives. While the role and appropriateness of PRPSs in the public sector have been widely discussed in the literature, in some countries monetary incentives have been used as a tool to increase individual salaries, without considering them as a motivating instrument in a wider HRM system. A small number of studies have been conducted to understand the limitations of this form of incentives and to investigate whether it can be replaced by different and more effective incentives in order to avoid the de-motivating effect caused by money, as recognized in the literature. This study tries to fill this gap investigating, through twenty-five interviews to informed respondents the effectiveness of existing PRPSs at Local government level in Italy both in terms of performance and motivation and the possibility to substitute monetary with non-monetary incentives. The findings suggest that the limitations of monetary incentives have been widely recognized, but it is still difficult to replace them with different and more effective alternatives.     

Unmanned aerial vehicles: A preliminary analysis of forensic challenges

As unmanned aerial vehicles have become more affordable, their popularity with the general public and commercial organisations has seen significant growth in recent years. Whilst remaining a device for both the hobbyist and aircraft-enthusiast to enjoy, they are now also used for carrying out activities such as law enforcement surveillance, agricultural maintenance, acquiring specialist movie and sports event footage along with search and seizure activities. Conversely, despite maintaining many legitimate uses, there are also increasing media reports of unmanned aerial vehicle technology being abused, ranging from physical assaults due to negligent flights to breaches of Civil Aviation Authority Air Navigation Regulations, requiring a forensic analysis of these devices in order to establish the chain of events. This article presents an introductory discussion of unmanned aerial vehicle analysis and provides the results of a digital forensic investigation of a test Parrot Bebop unmanned aerial vehicle. Directions for the acquisition and analysis of the device's internal storage are provided along with an interpretation of on-board flight data, captured media and operating system. Further, as the device can be controlled via Android and iOS devices using the application FreeFlight3, forensic analysis of these devices is also presented. Results showed the ability to recover flight data from both the unmanned aerial vehicle and controller handsets along with captured media, however problems exist with establishing the definitive owner of the device, particularly if a user had abandoned it at the scene of a crime.     

生命权、身体权、健康权的法定救助义务

生命权、身体权和健康权是自然人享有的最基本的人格权,应受到最大限度的保护。当自然人处于紧急危难状态时,负有法定紧急救助义务的组织或个人应履行紧急救助义务,否则需承担相应的法律责任。鼓励其他负有一般救助义务的主体进行紧急救助,妥善发挥好人条款的积极引导作用,对改善见死不救的不良社会风气,弘扬社会主义核心价值观必将产生积极的影响。